{"id":312759,"date":"2024-05-20T22:47:06","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T14:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/312759.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T22:47:35","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T14:47:35","slug":"%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%b2%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e4%b8%ad%e6%9c%89%e6%b2%a1%e6%9c%89%e5%be%aa%e7%8e%af%e5%8f%91%e7%94%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/312759.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u751f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/26233529\/b4356ab9-ffc5-48c5-b88d-0a47f2249cc8.webp\" alt=\"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u751f\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u3001\u4f4d\u56fe\u6807\u8bb0<\/strong>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u6cd5<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5904\u7406\u50cf\u94fe\u8868\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u6cd5\u6d89\u53ca\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e24\u4e2a\u79fb\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6162\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u8ffd\u4e0a\u6162\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u6620\u5c04\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6216\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u904d\u5386\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e4b\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u904d\u5386\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u6563\u5217\u8868\uff09\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u904d\u5386\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u904d\u5386\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff08key\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u503c\uff08value\uff09\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<code>O(n)<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d<code>n<\/code>\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f<code>O(n)<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5feb\u6162\u6307\u9488\u6cd5\uff09\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6162\u6307\u9488\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u904d\u5386\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u6bcf\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u6162\u6307\u9488\u6bcf\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u79fb\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u5b57\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5feb\u6162\u6307\u9488\u4ece\u5e8f\u5217\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u8f6c\u79fb\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u68c0\u6d4b\u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5feb\u6162\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\u5b83\u4eec\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u5faa\u73af\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u5b9a\u65e0\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<code>O(n)<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u574f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5feb\u6307\u9488\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<code>O(1)<\/code>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u9664\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f4d\u56fe\u6807\u8bb0\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u4f4d\u56fe\u6807\u8bb0\u6cd5<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u56fe\uff08BitMap\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d(bit)\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u904d\u5386\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f4d\u56fe\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u4f4d\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d(bit)\u4e0a\u3002\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u65f6\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684<code>0<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c31\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a<code>1<\/code>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u3002\u82e5\u4f4d\u56fe\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f<code>1<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f4d\u56fe\u6807\u8bb0\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<code>O(n)<\/code>\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230<code>O(n\/8)<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u53ea\u5360\u75281\u4e2abit\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u73af\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6b7b\u9501\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u72b6\u6001\u5224\u65ad\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5065\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u94fe\u8868\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u6cd5\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b\u9886\u57df\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. 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