{"id":31828,"date":"2023-05-26T21:24:41","date_gmt":"2023-05-26T13:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=31828"},"modified":"2023-07-31T01:56:19","modified_gmt":"2023-07-30T17:56:19","slug":"mysql%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84myisam%e8%af%bb%e7%9a%84%e6%95%88%e7%8e%87%e9%ab%98%ef%bc%8cinnodb%e5%86%99%e7%9a%84%e6%95%88%e7%8e%87%e9%ab%98%ef%bc%8c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/31828.html","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u4e2d\u7684MyISAM\u8bfb\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0cInnoDB\u5199\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

MySQL\u4e2d\u7684MyISAM\u8bfb\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0cInnoDB\u5199\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u662f\uff1a1\u3001MyISAM\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u8868\u683c\u9501\uff1b2\u3001InnoDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u884c\u9501\u3002MyISAM\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u8868\u683c\u9501\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u7684\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e92\u65a5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e00\u3001MySQL\u4e2d\u7684MyISAM\u8bfb\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0cInnoDB\u5199\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h2>\n

1\u3001MyISAM\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u8868\u683c\u9501<\/h3>\n

MyISAM \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8868\u683c\u9501\u201d\uff08Table-level Locking\uff09\u7684\u9501\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u7684\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e92\u65a5\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cMyISAM \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u201d\uff08Concurrent Reading\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 MyISAM \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u6548\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001InnoDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u884c\u9501<\/h3>\n

InnoDB \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u9501\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u884c\u9501\u201d\uff08Row-level Locking\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9501\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ea\u9501\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u5f20\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u4e86 MyISAM \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u5199\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cInnoDB \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f1a\u6bd4 MyISAM \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001MyISAM\u4e0eInnoDB\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u6784\u6210\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n

MyISAM\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u6bcf\u4e2aMyISAM\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4ee5\u8868\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u6307\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • .frm\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u4e3a.MYD (MYData)\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7d22\u5f15\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u662f.MYI (MYIndex)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    InnoDB\uff1a<\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662fInnoDB\u8868\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cInnoDB \u8868\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ea\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a 2GB\u3002<\/p>\n

    2\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • MyISAM<\/strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u6267\u884c\u6570\u5ea6\u6bd4InnoDB\u7c7b\u578b\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n
    • InnoDB<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u952e\uff08foreign key\uff09\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3\u3001SELECT UPDATE,INSERT,DELETE\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n

      MyISAM\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684SELECT\uff0cMyISAM\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

      InnoDB\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684INSERT<\/strong>\u6216<\/strong>UPDATE<\/strong>\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528InnoDB\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n
      • DELETE\u00a0FROM table<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0cInnoDB\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n
      • LOAD\u00a0TABLE FROM MASTER<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9InnoDB\u662f\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u9996\u5148\u628aInnoDB\u8868\u6539\u6210MyISAM\u8868\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u540e\u518d\u6539\u6210InnoDB\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7684InnoDB\u7279\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5916\u952e\uff09\u7684\u8868\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4\u3001\u5bf9AUTO_INCREMENT\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n

        MyISAM\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u6bcf\u8868\u4e00\u4e2aAUTO_INCREMEN\u5217\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
        • MyISAM\u4e3aINSERT\u548cUPDATE\u64cd\u4f5c\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97AUTO_INCREMENT\u5217\u66f4\u5feb\uff08\u81f3\u5c1110%\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u9876\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3002(\u5f53AUTO_INCREMENT\u5217\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u591a\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u5e8f\u5217\u9876\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u7684\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
        • AUTO_INCREMENT\u503c\u53ef\u7528ALTER TABLE\u6216myisamch\u6765\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u5bf9\u4e8eAUTO_INCREMENT\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0cInnoDB\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728MyISAM\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u8d77\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u66f4\u597d\u548c\u66f4\u5feb\u7684auto_increment\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          InnoDB\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u6307\u5b9aAUTO_INCREMENT\u5217\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u8bcd\u5178\u91cc\u7684InnoDB\u8868\u53e5\u67c4\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u7528\u5728\u4e3a\u8be5\u5217\u8d4b\u65b0\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4ec5\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            5\u3001\u8868\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u6570\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n
              \n
            • MyISAM\uff1a<\/strong>select count() from table\uff0cMyISAM\u53ea\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bfb\u51fa\u4fdd\u5b58\u597d\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53count()\u8bed\u53e5\u5305\u542b where\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
            • InnoDB\uff1a<\/strong>InnoDB \u4e2d\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u8868\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6267\u884cselect count(*) from table\u65f6\uff0cInnoDB\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u4e00\u904d\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              6\u3001\u9501\u4e0d\u540c<\/h3>\n
                \n
              • MyISAM\uff1a<\/strong>\u8868\u9501\u3002<\/li>\n
              • InnoDB\uff1a<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u884c\u9501(locking on row level)\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0e Oracle \u7c7b\u578b\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u52a0\u9501\u8bfb\u53d6(non-locking read in\u00a0 SELECTs)\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0cInnoDB\u8868\u7684\u884c\u9501\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6MySQL\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0cInnoDB\u8868\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u9501\u5168\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982update table set num=1 where name like \u201c%aaa%\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u4e09\u3001MyISAM\u4e0eInnoDB\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n

                MYISAM\u548cINNODB\u662fMysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u5404\u6709\u5343\u79cb\u3002INNODB\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4e8b\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u884c\u7ea7\u9501\uff0cMYISAM\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3002MYISAM\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u4f18\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c11\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4f55\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u89c6\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u4f60\u8981\u9009\u62e9INNODB\u5f15\u64ce<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cINNODB\u7684\u884c\u7ea7\u9501\u662f\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u5728where\u6761\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u952e\u65f6\uff0c\u7167\u6837\u4f1a\u9501\u5168\u8868\u3002\u6bd4\u5982DELETE FROM mytable\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528MYISAM\u4e86<\/strong>\u3002MYISAM\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5206\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8eINNODB\u3002\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u80fd\u8282\u7ea6\u4e00\u4e9b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002MYISAM\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4f18\u5316LIKE\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u6709\u4eba\u8bf4MYISAM\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u504f\u89c1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5347\u7ea7\u67b6\u6784\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5206\u8868\u5206\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb1\uff1aMySQL\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • MyISAM<\/li>\n
                • InnoDB<\/li>\n
                • MERGE<\/li>\n
                • MEMORY(HEAP)<\/li>\n
                • BDB(BerkeleyDB)<\/li>\n
                • EXAMPLE<\/li>\n
                • FEDERATED<\/li>\n
                • ARCHIVE<\/li>\n
                • CSV<\/li>\n
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