{"id":66280,"date":"2023-12-18T23:44:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T15:44:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=66280"},"modified":"2023-12-18T23:44:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T15:44:51","slug":"r%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e4%b8%ad%e5%92%8c%e5%90%84%e8%87%aa%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/66280.html","title":{"rendered":"R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d$\u548c@\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>$<\/code>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1. \u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\uff1b2. \u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5217\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b3. \u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c@\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1. \u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff1b2. \u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b3. \u8bbf\u95eeS3\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff1b4. \u9488\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aSlot\u3002

<\/span><\/div><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d<\/span>$<\/code>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. \u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u5217<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

$<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6846$\u5217\u540d<\/code>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5217\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

$<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5217\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6846[[\"\u5217\u540d\"]]<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c$<\/code>\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528$<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5206\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6846\nmy_data <- data.frame(Name = c(\"Alice\", \"Bob\", \"Charlie\"),\n                      Age = c(25, 30, 22),\n                      Score = c(95, 89, 75))\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528$\u63d0\u53d6\u5217\u6570\u636e\nages <- my_data$Age<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cmy_data$Age<\/code>\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528$<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u63d0\u53d6Age<\/code>\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9ages<\/code>\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u3001R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d<\/span>@<\/code>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. \u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aSlot\u3002S4\u7c7b\u662fR\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531Slot\u548cMethod\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61@\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf<\/code>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94Slot\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aS4\u7c7b\nsetClass(\"Person\",\n         slots = c(name = \"character\", age = \"numeric\"))\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPerson\u5bf9\u8c61\nperson <- new(\"Person\", name = \"Alice\", age = 25)\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528@\u8bbf\u95ee\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\nperson_name <- person@name\nperson_age <- person@age<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cperson@name<\/code>\u548cperson@age<\/code>\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86Person<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684name<\/code>\u548cage<\/code>\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662fS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. \u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u9664\u4e86\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Slot\uff09\uff0cS4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Method\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61@\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528S4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684S4\u7c7b\nsetClass(\"Calculator\",\n         slots = c(value = \"numeric\"),\n         methods = list(\n           add = function(x, y) {\n             x@value + y@value\n           }\n         ))\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aCalculator\u5bf9\u8c61\ncalc <- new(\"Calculator\", value = 10)\n\n# \u8c03\u7528S4\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nresult <- calc@add(new(\"Calculator\", value = 5))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7calc@add(...)<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u4e86Calculator<\/code>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684add<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. \u8bbf\u95eeS3\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u9664\u4e86S4\u7c7b\uff0cR\u8bed\u8a00\u8fd8\u652f\u6301S3\u7c7b\u3002\u867d\u7136S3\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eeS3\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aS3\u7c7b\nperson <- list(name = \"Bob\", age = 30)\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528@\u8bbf\u95eeS3\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\nname <- person@name\nage <- person@age<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7person@name<\/code>\u548cperson@age<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86S3\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. \u9488\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u9664\u4e86S3\u548cS4\u7c7b\uff0c@<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u8868\uff08List\uff09\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868@\u6210\u5458\u540d<\/code>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nmy_list <- list(name = \"Charlie\", age = 25)\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528@\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\nlist_name <- my_list@name\nlist_age <- my_list@age<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7my_list@name<\/code>\u548cmy_list@age<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d$\u548c@\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u7b54\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u95ee\uff1a$\u7b26\u53f7\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u7b54\uff1a$\u7b26\u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff08data frame\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528$\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5217\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679cdf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528df$column_name\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u540d\u4e3acolumn_name\u7684\u5217\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u95ee\uff1a@\u7b26\u53f7\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7b54\uff1a@\u7b26\u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95eeS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08S4 class object\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002S4\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528@\u7b26\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u95ee\uff1a$\u7b26\u53f7\u548c@\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9650\u5236\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u7b54\uff1a$\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff0c\u800c@\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eS4\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c$\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1. \u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\uff1b2. \u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5217\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b3. \u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00 […]","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":66283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[3863,3862,3786],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66280"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66280"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66280\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}