{"id":70888,"date":"2024-02-02T10:38:19","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:38:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=70888"},"modified":"2024-02-02T10:38:20","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:38:20","slug":"%e5%9c%a8swift%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e6%b3%84%e6%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/70888.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Swift\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728Swift\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec1\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u673a\u5236\u30012\u3001\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u30013\u3001\u95ed\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u9632\u8303\u30014\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u5bf9Swift\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002ARC\u80fd\u591f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5176\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u6b63\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528ARC\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u95ed\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u95ed\u5305\u4f1a\u6355\u83b7\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9632\u8303\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u6355\u83b7\u5217\u8868\uff08capture lists\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f31\uff08weak\uff09\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\uff08unowned\uff09\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Swift\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0cARC\u4f1a\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0cARC\u4f1a\u56de\u6536\u8be5\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u6765\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cdARC\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0cARC\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u81f3\u5c11\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e92\u76f8\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u73af\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u8981\u6253\u7834\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\uff08weak reference\uff09<\/strong>\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\uff08unowned reference\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u9884\u671f\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u53d8\u4e3a`nil`\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5219\u5f15\u7528\u503c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0d\u4e3a`nil`\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u4f8b\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a`nil`\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62ARC\u56de\u6536\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u5219\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u5f15\u7528\u76f4\u5230\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u540e\u518d\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5f15\u7528\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u95ed\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cSwift \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6355\u83b7\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u95ed\u5305\u5185\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u4e3a\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\u6807\u6ce8`[weak self]`\u6216`[unowned self]`\uff0c\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u95ed\u5305\u5185\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4e3a\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u95ed\u5305\u88ab\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u95ed\u73af\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u53d1\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Xcode\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Instrument\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u76d1\u6d4b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u4f7f\u7528Instruments\u7684Leaks\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5e76\u627e\u5230\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u5ba1\u4e2d\u9057\u6f0f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65e9\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728Swift\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9ARC\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u6253\u7834\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u95ed\u5305\u5f15\u7528\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong>1. Swift\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Swift\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\uff08weak reference\uff09\u548c\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\uff08unowned reference\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u91ca\u653e\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u4e3anil\u3002\u800c\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u91ca\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u95ed\u5305\u6355\u83b7\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u8005\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

2. Swift\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Swift\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff08ARC\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5176\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002ARC\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5f15\u7528\u6570\u6765\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6570\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5b83\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u65e0\u4e3b\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cARC\u5c31\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

3. Swift\u4e2d\u7684\u95ed\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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