{"id":71070,"date":"2024-02-02T10:44:16","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:44:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=71070"},"modified":"2024-02-02T10:44:16","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:44:16","slug":"%e5%9c%a8rust%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e5%92%8c%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/71070.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Rust\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728Rust\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aOption\u548cResult<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u3002\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0eRust\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5373\u907f\u514d\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f02\u5e38\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002Option\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aSome\u679a\u4e3e\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u5b58\u5728\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2aNone\u679a\u4e3e\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u503c\u7f3a\u5931\u3002Result\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ecOk\u548cErr\u4e24\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528match\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u90fd\u88ab\u8003\u8651\u5230\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u969c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0Option\u7c7b\u578b\uff1aOption\u679a\u4e3e\u662fRust\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u679a\u4e3e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff08null\uff09\u7684\u503c\u3002Rust\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982Java\u6216C#\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Option\u6765\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u610f\u5916\u51fa\u73b0\u7a7a\u503c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u793a\u5730\u5904\u7406Some\u6216None\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u95f4\u5c31\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001OPTION\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd0\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5728Rust\u4e2d\uff0cOption\u679a\u4e3e\u662f\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7a7a\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Option \u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53d8\u4f53\uff1a<\/p>\n

– Some(T): \u8868\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578bT\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

– None: \u8868\u793a\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636eOption\u662fSome\u8fd8\u662fNone\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528if let\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u6d01\u5730\u5904\u7406\u503c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565None\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001RESULT\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u660e\u667a\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0cRust\u9f13\u52b1\u4f7f\u7528Result\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662fRust\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002Result\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\uff1a<\/p>\n

– Ok(T): \u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

– Err(E): \u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u5206\u8ba9\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u6e05\u6670\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7528Result\u5305\u88c5\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u8bfb\u53d6\u6210\u529f\u548c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001MATCH\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Rust\u7684match\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6784\u9020\u662f\u5904\u7406Option\u548cResult\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee3\u7801\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002match\u8bed\u53e5\u903c\u8feb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u867d\u7136Rust\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86panic!\u5b8f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5f53panic!\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u62c6\u89e3\uff0c\u6e05\u7406\u5b83\u7684\u6808\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0cpanic!\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0cRust\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u6ce8\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u5957\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347Rust\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong>1. Rust\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rust\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u8005\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u5728Rust\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rust\u4f7f\u7528`Result`\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002`Result`\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\uff1a`Ok`\u7528\u4e8e\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c`Err`\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`match`\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216`unwrap`\u3001`expect`\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406`Result`\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

3. Rust\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u7531`panic!`\u5b8f\u6765\u5f15\u53d1\u3002`panic!`\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528`panic!`\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528`assert!`\u5b8f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ca\u65e9\u53d1\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728Rust\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aOption\u548cResult\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u3002\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71072,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71070"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71070"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71070\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}