{"id":71246,"date":"2024-02-02T10:50:37","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=71246"},"modified":"2024-02-02T10:50:38","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T02:50:38","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8docker%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/71246.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Docker\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u5bb9\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u6458\u8981<\/strong>: <strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u914d\u7f6eDocker\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5982API\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<strong>1\u3001\u901a\u8fc7Dockerfile\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong>\u30012\u3001\u4f7f\u7528docker-compose.yml\u30013\u3001\u5728docker run\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5c24\u5176<strong>Dockerfile\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7ENV\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06<strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u4e00\u3001ENV\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p>Dockerfile \u63d0\u4f9b `ENV` \u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5730\u5740\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`Dockerfile<\/p>\n<p>ENV DATABASE_URL=postgres:\/\/user:password@hostname:port\/dbname<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/strong> \u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u9884\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7`docker build`\u547d\u4ee4\u7684 `&#8211;build-arg` \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539Dockerfile\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`shell<\/p>\n<p>docker build &#8211;build-arg DATABASE_URL=postgres:\/\/user:password@hostname:port\/dbname .<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7528 `&#8211;build-arg` \u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7528 `ENV` \u6307\u4ee4\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u4e8c\u3001DOCKER-COMPOSE.YML\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 `docker-compose.yml` \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728 `docker-compose.yml` \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7 `environment` \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`yaml<\/p>\n<p>version: &#8216;3&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>services:<\/p>\n<p>  web:<\/p>\n<p>    image: &#8220;webapp:latest&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>    environment:<\/p>\n<p>      &#8211; DATABASE_URL=postgres:\/\/user:password@hostname:port\/dbname<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u7f16\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684 `docker run` \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 `docker-compose` \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u5e76\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff0c`docker-compose` \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u4e09\u3001DOCKER RUN\u547d\u4ee4\u6ce8\u5165\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7 `docker run` \u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 `-e` \u6216 `&#8211;env` \u6807\u5fd7\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`shell<\/p>\n<p>docker run -e &#8220;DATABASE_URL=postgres:\/\/user:password@hostname:port\/dbname&#8221; myapp<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p>\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u6307\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539Dockerfile\u6216docker-compose.yml\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 `&#8211;env-file` \u53c2\u6570\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`shell<\/p>\n<p>docker run &#8211;env-file=\/path\/to\/env_vars.env myapp<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u56db\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Docker\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<strong>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1. `docker run` \u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684 `-e` \/ `&#8211;env` \u6216 `&#8211;env-file` \u9ad8\u4e8e `docker-compose.yml` \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. `docker-compose.yml` \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6Dockerfile\u4e2d `ENV` \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u540c\u540d\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u66f4\u901a\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u660e\u667a\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u589e\u5f3a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u4e94\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982API\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u88ab\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1. \u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8981\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u660e\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u4f7f\u7528\u79d8\u5bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5982Docker Swarm\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u6216Kubernetes\u7684Secrets\u6765\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u516d\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u540c<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5982\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff09\u95f4\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u9002\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u6539\u53d8\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u4e03\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7ENV\u6307\u4ee4\u3001docker-compose.yml\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53cadocker run\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u95f4\u7684\u65e0\u7f1d\u8fc1\u79fb\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5728Docker\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><strong>1. Docker\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728Docker\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528ENV\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n&#8220;`Dockerfile<br \/>\nENV ENV_VARIABLE_NAME=value<br \/>\n&#8220;`<br \/>\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528`-e`\u6807\u5fd7\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<br \/>\n&#8220;`bash<br \/>\ndocker run -e ENV_VARIABLE_NAME=value image_name<br \/>\n&#8220;`<br \/>\n\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Docker Compose\u6765\u5728docker-compose.yml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u5982\u4f55\u5728Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`process.env.ENV_VARIABLE_NAME`\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u5982\u4f55\u5728Docker Swarm\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728Docker Swarm\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728docker-compose\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528`secrets`\u5b57\u6bb5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u654f\u611f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Docker\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`config`\u5b57\u6bb5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u6458\u8981: \u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u914d\u7f6eDocker\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u654f\u611f\u6570 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71246"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71246\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}