{"id":72575,"date":"2024-02-21T11:16:14","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T03:16:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=72575"},"modified":"2024-02-21T11:17:08","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T03:17:08","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-java-%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/72575.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 Java \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Java \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528JDBC API\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8003\u8651\u91c7\u7528JPA\u548cORM\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u786e\u4fddSQL\u6ce8\u5165\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd\u5230\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eJDBC API\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u9002\u5f53\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528PreparedStatement\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9632\u6b62SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001JDBC API\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n

JDBC(Java Database Connectivity)<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8eJava\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95eeAPI\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7`DriverManager`\u83b7\u53d6`Connection`\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a`Connection`\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5f53\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u901a\u8fc7`close`\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5173\u95ed`Connection`\u3001`Statement`\u4ee5\u53ca`ResultSet`\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c`PreparedStatement`\u662f`Statement`\u7684\u5b50\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e0\u7591\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u7684`Statement`\uff0c`PreparedStatement`\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11SQL\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5df2\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001JPA\u4e0eORM\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Java Persistence API (JPA)<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u7684ORM\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86Java\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002ORM\uff08Object-Relational Mapping\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ee5\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u5199\u7e41\u7410\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528JPA\u548cORM\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982Hibernate\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u89e3\u6216XML\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u6307\u5b9aJava\u7c7b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u62c5\u5fc3\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7JPA\u7684EntityManager\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8ba9JPA\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u65f6\u673a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/strong> \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u7f13\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6c60\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684: \u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u6bcf\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong><\/h2>\n

SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1<\/strong>\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u6076\u610f\u7684SQL\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6765\u7834\u574f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9884\u9632SQL\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u9996\u8981\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u7edd\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528`PreparedStatement`\u4ee3\u66ff`Statement`\u3002<\/p>\n

`PreparedStatement`\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fSQL\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6216JPA\u7b49\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u8bed\u53e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899(WAF)\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4f20\u8fdb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6076\u610f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong> \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ecSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8c03\u4f18\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Java \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>
\nJava \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u96c6\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728Java\u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 JDBC\uff08Java Database Connectivity\uff09 API\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u521b\u5efa Statement \u6216 PreparedStatement \u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316 Java \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8 Java \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d\uff1a \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Java \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528JDBC API\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8003\u8651\u91c7\u7528 […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72578,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72575"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72575"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72575\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}