{"id":85462,"date":"2024-04-01T17:56:41","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T09:56:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=85462"},"modified":"2024-04-01T17:56:41","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T09:56:41","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e5%a5%bd%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e8%bd%bb%e9%87%8f%e7%ba%a7-c-%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e9%9d%99%e6%80%81%e6%a3%80%e6%b5%8b%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/85462.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u597d\u7528\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 C \u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u597d\u7528\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7<\/p>\n

\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u9884\u9632\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/strong>\u3002\u597d\u7528\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecClang Static Analyzer\u3001Cppcheck\u3001Flawfinder\u3001GCC\u8b66\u544a\u548cLint\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

Clang Static Analyzer<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u51faC\u3001C++\u548cObjective-C\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eLLVM\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u533a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001CLANG STATIC ANALYZER<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Clang Static Analyzer \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u548cClang\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cIDE\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u68c0\u67e5\u5668\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884cClang Static Analyzer\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u53ca\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001CPPCHECK<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cppcheck \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684C\/C++\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u8d8a\u754c\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u7b49\u3002Cppcheck\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u67e5\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4ee3\u7801\u98ce\u683c\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bef\u62a5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001FLAWFINDER<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Flawfinder\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9C\/C++\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bfb\u627e\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u641c\u7d22\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002Flawfinder\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/a>\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001GCC\u8b66\u544a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

GCC\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u8b66\u544a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf8\u5982`-Wall`\u3001`-Wextra`\u548c`-pedantic`\u7b49\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u68c0\u67e5\u89c4\u5219\u3002GCC\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528GCC\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001LINT\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Lint\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3aC\u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u65e0\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f18\u79c0\u7684Lint\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u53d8\u79cd\uff08\u5982PC-lint\u3001Splint\u7b49\uff09\u9488\u5bf9\u6613\u7528\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u504f\u597d\u6765\u5b9a\u3002\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6307\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u73af\u5883\u548c\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1<\/a>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u540e\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 C \u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b54\uff1a\u5728\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u68c0\u6d4b\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

– Cppcheck\uff1aCppcheck\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684C\/C++\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u6613\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

– PVS-Studio\uff1aPVS-Studio\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316C\/C++\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

– Splint\uff1aSplint\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u514d\u8d39\u7684C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 C \u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b54\uff1a\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

– \u529f\u80fd\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u662f\u5426\u68c0\u6d4b\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u5907\u9002\u5f53\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u6613\u7528\u6027\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5426\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u6210\u672c\uff1a\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u514d\u8d39\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9884\u7b97\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 C \u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b54\uff1a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7C\u4ee3\u7801\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n

– \u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u63d0\u5347\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

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