{"id":922208,"date":"2024-12-26T14:27:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T06:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/922208.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T14:27:36","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T06:27:36","slug":"linux%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8cpython","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/922208.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cpython"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"linux\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cpython\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884cPython\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u5b9a\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884cPython\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\uff1b\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u5bb9\u6613\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884cPython\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6253\u5f00Linux\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff08\u5982Ctrl + Alt + T\uff09\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u8f93\u5165Python\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165python<\/code>\u6216python3<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165Python\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u770b\u5230\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165print("Hello, World!")<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u9000\u51faPython\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u9000\u51faPython\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8f93\u5165exit()<\/code>\u6216\u6309Ctrl + D<\/code>\u7ec4\u5408\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5c06Python\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      \u521b\u5efaPython\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff08\u5982vim\u3001nano\u6216gedit\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ahello.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      #!\/usr\/bin\/env python3<\/p>\n
      print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684#!\/usr\/bin\/env python3<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cshebang\u201d\u884c\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528Python 3\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u7ed9\u4e88\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8d4b\u4e88\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f7f\u7528chmod<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      chmod +x hello.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      \u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2aPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      .\/hello.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      python3 hello.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u5f00\u53d1Python\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5305\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528venv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        python3 -m venv myenv<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u91ccmyenv<\/code>\u662f\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684Python\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        source myenv\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        pip install requests<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      4. \n
        \u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        python3 script.py<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      5. \n
        \u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5f53\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        deactivate<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Python\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u5b9a\u65f6\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982cron\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u7f16\u8f91cron\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528crontab<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8f91cron\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          crontab -e<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u6dfb\u52a0\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728crontab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66681\u70b9\u8fd0\u884cscript.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          0 1 * * * \/usr\/bin\/python3 \/path\/to\/script.py<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4fdd\u5b58crontab\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002cron\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u811a\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cLinux\u4e0b\u6267\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
           \u5728Linux\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0cPython\u901a\u5e38\u9884\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165python --version<\/code>\u6216python3 --version<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728Debian\/Ubuntu\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528sudo apt-get install python3<\/code>\uff0c\u5728Red Hat\/CentOS\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528sudo yum install python3<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u8981\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fdb\u5165\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4python script_name.py<\/code>\u6216python3 script_name.py<\/code>\u6765\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u7684shebang\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a#!\/usr\/bin\/env python3<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff08\u4f7f\u7528chmod +x script_name.py<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406Python\u5305\uff1f<\/strong>
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