{"id":922988,"date":"2024-12-26T14:41:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T06:41:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/922988.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T14:41:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T06:41:52","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8bpython%e5%b7%b2%e7%bb%8f%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/922988.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bpython\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bpython\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\"<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770bPython\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u548cPython\u5185\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528pip list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3001pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528help('modules')<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cpip list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6700\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u901a\u8fc7pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528pip list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165pip list<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u901a\u8fc7pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u5305\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5305\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u91cd\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0chelp('modules')<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pip list\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip list<\/code>\u662fPython\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524dPython\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Python\u548cpip\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165python --version<\/code>\u548cpip --version<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4pip list<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    \u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pip freeze\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u9002\u5408requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u91cd\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165pip freeze<\/code>\u5e76\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      \u4e0epip list<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u5230requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\uff1apip freeze > requirements.txt<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528pip install -r requirements.txt<\/code>\u6765\u91cd\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u95f4\u8fc1\u79fb\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \u9664\u4e86pip<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5916\uff0cPython\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528help('modules')<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165python<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        \u5728Python\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165help('modules')<\/code>\u5e76\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        \u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u5757\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6682\u505c\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309Enter\u952e\u7ee7\u7eed\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ecPython\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u5b9a\u4f4d\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6355\u6349\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          \u5728\u60a8\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfc\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u5757\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0cPython\u4f1a\u629b\u51faModuleNotFoundError<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528try-except<\/code>\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u6355\u6349\u8fd9\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7f3a\u5931\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          try:<\/p>\n
              import requests<\/p>\n
          except ModuleNotFoundError:<\/p>\n
              print("The 'requests' module is not installed. Please install it using 'pip install requests'.")<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5373\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u5bfc\u5165\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4python -m venv myenv<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amyenv<\/code>\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4myenv\\Scripts\\activate<\/code>\uff1b\u5728Unix\u6216MacOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4source myenv\/bin\/activate<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          3. \n
            \u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55pip install<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5185\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u5c40Python\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          4. \n
            \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982pip list<\/code>\uff09\u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          5. \n
            \u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528deactivate<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u5229\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u8bb8\u591a\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201cFile\u201d > \u201cSettings\u201d > \u201cProject: [Your Project Name]\u201d > \u201cPython Interpreter\u201d\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u5728Visual Studio Code\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6269\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u201cPython: Select Interpreter\u201d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            3. \n
              \u8fd9\u4e9bIDE\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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