{"id":932320,"date":"2024-12-26T17:55:42","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T09:55:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/932320.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T17:55:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T09:55:45","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8excel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/932320.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528excel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528excel\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Excel\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ecpandas\u3001openpyxl\u3001xlrd\u3001xlwt\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u548c\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecdpandas\u548copenpyxl\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0cpandas\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u529f\u80fd\u3002openpyxl\u5e93\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel 2010\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684.xlsx\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PANDAS\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pandas\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684read_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u524d5\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528read_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aexample.xlsx<\/code>\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528head<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u524d5\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2\u3001\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684to_excel<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5c06DataFrame\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
df.to_excel('output.xlsx', index=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528to_excel<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06DataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6output.xlsx<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u53c2\u6570index=False<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5199\u5165\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001OPENPYXL\u5e93\u8fdb\u884cExcel\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u5e93\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5904\u7406.xlsx\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(sheet['A1'].value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528load_workbook<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.2\u3001\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fee\u6539\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n
sheet['A1'] = 'New Value'<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook.save('example_modified.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u5355\u5143\u683cA1<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528save<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u6539\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001PANDAS\u5e93\u4e0eOPENPYXL\u5e93\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1\u3001\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
    pandas\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    openpyxl\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u683c\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5408\u5e76\u3001\u6837\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3.2\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \n
      pandas\u5e93<\/strong>\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n
      openpyxl\u5e93<\/strong>\u5728\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8eExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u5176\u4ed6Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      4.1\u3001xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
        xlrd\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u652f\u6301.xls\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7531\u4e8epandas\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8f83\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n
        xlwt\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ec5\u652f\u6301.xls\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u517c\u5bb9\u65e7\u7248Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        4.2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u65e7\u7248Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff08.xls\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4ecd\u6709\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728Python\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\u3002pandas\u5e93<\/strong>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u6377\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u529f\u80fd\u3002openpyxl\u5e93<\/strong>\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u65e7\u7248Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
           \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8f7b\u677e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pd.read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          import pandas as pd\ndata = pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.xlsx')\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e3aDataFrame\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528Python\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
          Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u901a\u8fc7pandas\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528DataFrame\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528data.dropna()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\uff0cdata.groupby()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4fee\u6539\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f\u548c\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528DataFrame.to_excel()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5199\u5165\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          data.to_excel('\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6.xlsx', index=False)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cindex=False<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5c06DataFrame\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u52a0\u6574\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Excel\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ecpandas\u3001openpyxl\u3001xlrd\u3001xlwt\u7b49\u3002\u901a […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":932325,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932320"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=932320"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932320\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":932326,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932320\/revisions\/932326"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/932325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=932320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=932320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=932320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}