{"id":935281,"date":"2024-12-26T18:50:23","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T10:50:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/935281.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T18:50:26","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T10:50:26","slug":"css%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8f%90%e5%8f%96python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/935281.html","title":{"rendered":"css\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6python"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"css\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6python\"<\/p>\n

CSS\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecePython\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u5982BeautifulSoup\u3001lxml\u3001\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0cBeautifulSoup<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684CSS\u7c7b\u6216ID\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BEAUTIFULSOUP\u63d0\u53d6CSS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

BeautifulSoup\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eceHTML\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cBeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165BeautifulSoup<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6b64\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip install beautifulsoup4<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165BeautifulSoup\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u5f00\u672c\u5730HTML\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      html_content = '''<\/p>\n
      <html><\/p>\n
      <head><\/p>\n
          <style><\/p>\n
              .example { color: red; }<\/p>\n
              #unique { font-size: 12px; }<\/p>\n
          <\/style><\/p>\n
      <\/head><\/p>\n
      <body><\/p>\n
          <div class="example">Sample Text<\/div><\/p>\n
          <div id="unique">Unique Text<\/div><\/p>\n
      <\/body><\/p>\n
      <\/html><\/p>\n
      '''<\/p>\n
      soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982select<\/code>\u6216find_all<\/code>\uff0c\u6765\u627e\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684CSS\u6837\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        # \u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684style\u6807\u7b7e\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
        style_tags = soup.find_all('style')<\/p>\n
        for style in style_tags:<\/p>\n
            print(style.string)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790style<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u83b7\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u548cID\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528LXML\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6CSS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        lxml\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301XML\u548cHTML\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165lxml<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5lxml\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          pip install lxml<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u7136\u540e\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from lxml import html<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u7684html<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            tree = html.fromstring(html_content)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528XPath\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              style_content = tree.xpath('\/\/style\/text()')<\/p>\n
              for style in style_content:<\/p>\n
                  print(style)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6CSS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684re\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                Python\u7684re<\/code>\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                import re<\/p>\n
                \u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709style\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                style_pattern = re.compile(r'<style.*?>(.*?)<\/style>', re.DOTALL)<\/p>\n
                styles = style_pattern.findall(html_content)<\/p>\n
                for style in styles:<\/p>\n
                    print(style)<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9aCSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u4ecestyle<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  # \u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u5668<\/p>\n
                  class_pattern = re.compile(r'\\.example\\s*{([^}]+)}')<\/p>\n
                  class_styles = class_pattern.findall(styles[0])<\/p>\n
                  print(class_styles)<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u89e3\u6790CSS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406CSS\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4eceHTML\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u50cfcssutils<\/code>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u89e3\u6790CSS\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165cssutils<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    pip install cssutils<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u7136\u540e\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    import cssutils<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u89e3\u6790CSS\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cssutils<\/code>\u6765\u89e3\u6790CSS\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      css_content = '''<\/p>\n
                      .example { color: red; }<\/p>\n
                      #unique { font-size: 12px; }<\/p>\n
                      '''<\/p>\n
                      sheet = cssutils.parseString(css_content)<\/p>\n
                      for rule in sheet:<\/p>\n
                          if rule.type == rule.STYLE_RULE:<\/p>\n
                              print(f"Selector: {rule.selectorText}")<\/p>\n
                              for property in rule.style:<\/p>\n
                                  print(f"Property: {property.name} - Value: {property.value}")<\/p>\n
                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6HTML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u6790\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Python\u7684requests<\/code>\u5e93\u4e0eBeautifulSoup\u6216lxml\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165requests<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        pip install requests<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                        \u7136\u540e\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        import requests<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        1. \u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                          \u4f7f\u7528requests\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                          url = 'http:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
                          response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
                          html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          1. \u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            \u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u6216lxml\u89e3\u6790\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                            \u603b\u7ed3\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548c\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u3001lxml\u8fd8\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4eceHTML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6709\u7528\u7684CSS\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                             \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528CSS\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\uff1f<\/strong>
                            \u5728Python\u4e2d\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Beautiful Soup\u5e93\u7ed3\u5408requests\u5e93\u6765\u63d0\u53d6CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528Beautiful Soup\u89e3\u6790\u8be5\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
                            Python\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff1f<\/strong>
                            \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u7406CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5e93\u6709Beautiful Soup\u548clxml\u3002Beautiful Soup\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u3002lxml\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u652f\u6301CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
                            \u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
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