{"id":936134,"date":"2024-12-26T19:11:21","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T11:11:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/936134.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T19:11:24","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T11:11:24","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%92%8cexcel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/936134.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u548cexcel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u548cexcel\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0eExcel\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3001openpyxl\u5e93\u3001xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684API\u3002pandas\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u4e0eExcel\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u62a5\u8868\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002pandas\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684DataFrame\u7ed3\u6784\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06Excel\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u5230Python\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93\u4e0d\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5bf9Excel\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5904\u7406\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u56fe\u8868\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97Python\u4e0eExcel\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3aPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7pandas\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas.read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5bfc\u5165\u4e3aDataFrame\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/p>\n
print(df)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u540d\u4e3aexample.xlsx<\/code>\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2dSheet1<\/code>\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728DataFrame\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c06DataFrame\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528DataFrame.to_excel()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06DataFrame\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5c06DataFrame\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
df.to_excel('output.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06DataFrame\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u540d\u4e3aoutput.xlsx<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0\u4e3aSheet1<\/code>\u3002index=False<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u5c06DataFrame\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Openpyxl\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u548c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662fExcel 2010\u53ca\u66f4\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684xlsx\u683c\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u5b89\u88c5Openpyxl<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eeExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3001\u884c\u3001\u5217\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook['Sheet1']<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
value = sheet['A1'].value<\/p>\n
print(value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528load_workbook()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u53d6A1<\/code>\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.3 \u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/p>\n
sheet['B1'] = 'New Value'<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook.save('example_modified.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65b0\u503c\u5199\u5165B1<\/code>\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86pandas\u548copenpyxl\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982xlrd\u548cxlwt\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u5728\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
xlrd\u548cxlwt\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5e93\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u6301Excel 2003\u683c\u5f0f\uff08xls\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5904\u7406\u65e7\u683c\u5f0f\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u652f\u6301xlsx\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u548copenpyxl\u66f4\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001Python\u4e0eExcel\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u4e0eExcel\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u5230Python\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Python\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u62a5\u544a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210Excel\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4eba\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.3 \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u624d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u4e0eExcel\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\uff0cPython\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u90fd\u80fd\u80dc\u4efb\u3002pandas\u5e93\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\u662f\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u5f97Python\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\uff01Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0c\u5982pandas<\/code>\u548copenpyxl<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u548c\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5bf9Excel\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5b89\u88c5pandas<\/code>\u548copenpyxl<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84')<\/code>\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aDataFrame\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
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