{"id":944504,"date":"2024-12-26T23:07:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:07:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/944504.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T23:07:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:07:52","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e5%8c%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/944504.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u4f5c\u5305"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u4f5c\u5305\"<\/p>\n

\u5236\u4f5cPython\u5305\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efasetup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5305\u548c\u5206\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5305\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u5efasetup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5305\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5236\u4f5cPython\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u5305\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684Python\u5305\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_package\/<\/p>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 my_package\/<\/p>\n
    \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n
    \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 module.py<\/p>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 setup.py<\/p>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md<\/p>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 LICENSE<\/p>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 tests\/<\/p>\n
        \u2514\u2500\u2500 test_module.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u5305\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5305\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5305\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u542b__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. __init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8ba9Python\u5c06\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u6216\u5305\u542b\u5305\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7248\u672c\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. README.md<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5305\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. LICENSE<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5305\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  7. tests\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5305\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7f16\u5199\u60a8\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728my_package\/module.py<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # module.py<\/p>\n
    def hello_world():<\/p>\n
        return "Hello, world!"<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6587\u6863\u9f50\u5168\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5faaPython\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u98ce\u683c\u6307\u5357\uff08PEP 8\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5305\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u7684\u516c\u5171\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # __init__.py<\/p>\n
    from .module import hello_world<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7from my_package import hello_world<\/code>\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u521b\u5efasetup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684setup.py<\/code>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # setup.py<\/p>\n
    from setuptools import setup, find_packages<\/p>\n
    setup(<\/p>\n
        name='my_package',<\/p>\n
        version='0.1.0',<\/p>\n
        author='Your Name',<\/p>\n
        author_emAI<\/a>l='your.email@example.com',<\/p>\n
        description='A simple example package',<\/p>\n
        long_description=open('README.md').read(),<\/p>\n
        long_description_content_type='text\/markdown',<\/p>\n
        url='https:\/\/github.com\/yourusername\/my_package',<\/p>\n
        packages=find_packages(),<\/p>\n
        classifiers=[<\/p>\n
            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',<\/p>\n
            'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',<\/p>\n
            'Operating System :: OS Independent',<\/p>\n
        ],<\/p>\n
        python_requires='>=3.6',<\/p>\n
        install_requires=[<\/p>\n
            # List your package dependencies here<\/p>\n
        ],<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5305\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aREADME.md<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5305\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u5305\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # My Package<\/p>\n
    A simple example Python package.<\/p>\n
    ## Installation<\/p>\n
    ```bash<\/p>\n
    pip install my_package<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    Usage<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    from my_package import hello_world<\/p>\n
    print(hello_world())<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    <\/p>\n
    <strong>README\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8425\u9500\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u516d\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5305\u548c\u5206\u53d1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    1. <strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u6253\u5305\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684`setuptools`\u548c`wheel`\u3002<\/p>\n
       ```bash<\/p>\n
       pip install setuptools wheel<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u751f\u6210\u5206\u53d1\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u5206\u53d1\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2adist<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b.tar.gz<\/code>\u548c.whl<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u6e90\u7801\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u4e0a\u4f20\u5230PyPI<\/strong>\uff1a\u8981\u5c06\u5305\u53d1\u5e03\u5230Python Package Index (PyPI)\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5twine<\/code>\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4e0a\u4f20\u60a8\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      pip install twine<\/p>\n
      twine upload dist\/*<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u5df2\u5728PyPI\u6ce8\u518c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e03\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u6d4b\u8bd5\u60a8\u7684\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728tests<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528pytest<\/code>\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u60a8\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Git\uff09\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u826f\u597d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5305\u957f\u671f\u53ef\u7528\u548c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5236\u4f5cPython\u5305\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684Python\u5305\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u80fd\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
         \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5305\u542b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a  <\/p>\n
        my_package\/\n    __init__.py\n    module1.py\n    module2.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cmy_package<\/code>\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0cmodule1<\/code>\u548cmodule2<\/code>\u662f\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7import my_package.module1<\/code>\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
        Python\u5305\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u5728\u521b\u5efaPython\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u9075\u5faaPEP 8\u98ce\u683c\u6307\u5357\u3002\u5305\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u77ed\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5305\u540d\u5728Python\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u73b0\u6709\u5305\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u53d1\u5e03\u6211\u7684\u5305\u5230PyPI\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u8981\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u53d1\u5e03\u5230Python Package Index (PyPI)\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u7b26\u5408PyPI\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2asetup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5305\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7248\u672c\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982twine<\/code>\u6765\u4e0a\u4f20\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel<\/code>\u751f\u6210\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528twine upload dist\/*<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230PyPI\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip install your_package<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5236\u4f5cPython\u5305\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0__init__.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efasetup […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":944510,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944504"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=944504"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":944512,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944504\/revisions\/944512"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/944510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=944504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=944504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=944504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}