{"id":946204,"date":"2024-12-26T23:37:44","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:37:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/946204.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T23:37:47","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:37:47","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%94%e5%9b%9ejson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/946204.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8fd4\u56dejson"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8fd4\u56dejson\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56deJSON\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json\u6a21\u5757\u3001Flask\u6846\u67b6\u7684 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7Django\u6846\u67b6\u7684 JsonResponse \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8eAPI\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528json\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684dumps\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06Python\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6ejson\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3002json\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684dumps\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Python\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import json<\/p>\n
def convert_to_json(data):<\/p>\n
    # \u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n
    json_data = json.dumps(data)<\/p>\n
    return json_data<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
json_result = convert_to_json(data)<\/p>\n
print(json_result)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.1\u3001dumps\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
json.dumps\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982indent\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7f29\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7fJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
json_data = json.dumps(data, indent=4)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684JSON\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9bdefault\u53c2\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Person:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name, age):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
        self.age = age<\/p>\n
def serialize(obj):<\/p>\n
    if isinstance(obj, Person):<\/p>\n
        return {'name': obj.name, 'age': obj.age}<\/p>\n
    rAI<\/a>se TypeError(f"Type {type(obj)} not serializable")<\/p>\n
person = Person('Bob', 30)<\/p>\n
json_person = json.dumps(person, default=serialize)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6846\u67b6\u7684 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, jsonify<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/get_user')<\/p>\n
def get_user():<\/p>\n
    user = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
    return jsonify(user)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    app.run(debug=True)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.1\u3001jsonify\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86Content-Type\u4e3aapplication\/json\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982to_dict\uff0c\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class User:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name, age):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
        self.age = age<\/p>\n
    def to_dict(self):<\/p>\n
        return {'name': self.name, 'age': self.age}<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/get_user_object')<\/p>\n
def get_user_object():<\/p>\n
    user = User('Alice', 25)<\/p>\n
    return jsonify(user.to_dict())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6846\u67b6\u7684 JsonResponse \u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86JsonResponse\u5bf9\u8c61\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from django.http import JsonResponse<\/p>\n
def get_user(request):<\/p>\n
    user = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
    return JsonResponse(user)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.1\u3001JsonResponse\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
JsonResponse\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06Python\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06Content-Type\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aapplication\/json\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u7684JsonResponse\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder<\/p>\n
def get_custom_user(request):<\/p>\n
    user = User('Alice', 25)<\/p>\n
    return JsonResponse(user.to_dict(), encoder=DjangoJSONEncoder)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528FastAPI\u6846\u67b6\u8fd4\u56deJSON<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u7684\uff08\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff09\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efaAPI\u3002\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002FastAPI\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import FastAPI<\/p>\n
from pydantic import BaseModel<\/p>\n
app = FastAPI()<\/p>\n
class User(BaseModel):<\/p>\n
    name: str<\/p>\n
    age: int<\/p>\n
@app.get("\/user")<\/p>\n
async def read_user():<\/p>\n
    return User(name="Alice", age=25)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.1\u3001FastAPI\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI\u4f7f\u7528Pydantic\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210API\u6587\u6863\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684Pydantic\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\uff1aPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json\u6a21\u5757\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u975eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800cFlask\u3001Django\u3001FastAPI\u7b49Web\u6846\u67b6\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411Web\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528json.dumps()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import json\n\ndata = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}\njson_string = json.dumps(data)\nprint(json_string)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7684JSON\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4eceJSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u6790\u6210Python\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u5c06JSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u6790\u56dePython\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528json.loads()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5c06JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u7b49Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import json\n\njson_string = '{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}'\ndata = json.loads(json_string)\nprint(data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0cdata<\/code>\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5c06JSON\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528json.dump()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b58\u50a8JSON\u6570\u636e\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import json\n\ndata = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}\nwith open('data.json', 'w') as json_file:\n    json.dump(data, json_file)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3adata.json<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56deJSON\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json\u6a21\u5757\u3001Flask\u6846\u67b6\u7684 jsonify \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7Dj […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":946207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946204"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=946204"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":946208,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946204\/revisions\/946208"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/946207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=946204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=946204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=946204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}