{"id":948301,"date":"2024-12-27T00:02:29","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:02:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/948301.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T00:02:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:02:32","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e5%86%99mdb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/948301.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199mdb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199mdb\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5199MDB\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc<\/code>\u3001pandas<\/code>\u3001msaccessdb<\/code>\u3001pypyodbc<\/code>\u7b49\u5e93\uff0cpyodbc<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u5b89\u88c5pyodbc<\/code>\u5e93\u3001\u914d\u7f6eODBC\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pyodbc<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pyodbc<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5Microsoft Access\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982Access Database Engine\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0eMDB\u6587\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PYODBC\u8bfb\u53d6MDB\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pyodbc<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n
mdb_file_path = 'C:\\\\path\\\\to\\\\your\\\\database.mdb'<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn_str = (<\/p>\n
    r'DRIVER={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)};'<\/p>\n
    r'DBQ=' + mdb_file_path + ';'<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = pyodbc.connect(conn_str)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM TableName")<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u904d\u5386\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for row in rows:<\/p>\n
    print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PYODBC\u5199\u5165MDB\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5199\u5165MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528INSERT\u3001UPDATE\u7b49SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("""<\/p>\n
    INSERT INTO TableName (Column1, Column2)<\/p>\n
    VALUES (?, ?)<\/p>\n
""", ('Value1', 'Value2'))<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("""<\/p>\n
    UPDATE TableName<\/p>\n
    SET Column1 = ?<\/p>\n
    WHERE Column2 = ?<\/p>\n
""", ('NewValue', 'Value2'))<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PANDAS\u5904\u7406MDB\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0epyodbc<\/code>\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5230DataFrame<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230Pandas\u7684DataFrame\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sql_query = "SELECT * FROM TableName"<\/p>\n
data_frame = pd.read_sql(sql_query, conn)<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(data_frame.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5c06DataFrame\u5199\u5165MDB<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5c06DataFrame\u6570\u636e\u5199\u56deMDB\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5c06DataFrame\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u8868\u4e2d<\/p>\n
for index, row in data_frame.iterrows():<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("""<\/p>\n
        INSERT INTO TableName (Column1, Column2)<\/p>\n
        VALUES (?, ?)<\/p>\n
    """, (row['Column1'], row['Column2']))<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u503c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578bMDB\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u4f18\u5316SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    # \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
except Exception as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8bfb\u5199MDB\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u8fde\u63a5MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eODBC\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MDB\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
import pyodbc\n\nmdb_file_path = r'path\\to\\your\\database.mdb'\nconnection_string = f'DRIVER={{Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)}};DBQ={mdb_file_path};'\nconnection = pyodbc.connect(connection_string)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u66ff\u6362path\\to\\your\\database.mdb<\/code>\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684MDB\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u7279\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n
cursor = connection.cursor()\ncursor.execute("SELECT * FROM your_table_name")\nrows = cursor.fetchall()\n\nfor row in rows:\n    print(row)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bb0\u5f97\u5c06your_table_name<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8868\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5411MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u5411MDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528INSERT\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO your_table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (?, ?)", (value1, value2))\nconnection.commit()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u66ff\u6362your_table_name<\/code>\u3001column1<\/code>\u3001column2<\/code>\u53cavalue1<\/code>\u3001value2<\/code>\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u540d\u3001\u5217\u540d\u548c\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4f7f\u7528connection.commit()<\/code>\u6765\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5199MDB\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyodbc\u3001pandas\u3001msaccessdb\u3001pypyodbc\u7b49 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":948309,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/948301"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=948301"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/948301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":948310,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/948301\/revisions\/948310"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/948309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=948301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=948301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=948301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}