\u914d\u7f6eFlask-Login<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\u5728Flask\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Flask-Login\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0Flask-Login\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask_login import UserMixin<\/p>\nclass User(UserMixin):<\/p>\n
def __init__(self, id, username, password):<\/p>\n
self.id = id<\/p>\n
self.username = username<\/p>\n
self.password = password<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\nusers = {'user1': User(1, 'user1', 'password123')}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u521d\u59cb\u5316Flask-Login<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5c06Flask-Login\u4e0eFlask\u5e94\u7528\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7login_manager\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask_login import LoginManager<\/p>\nlogin_manager = LoginManager()<\/p>\n
login_manager.init_app(app)<\/p>\n
@login_manager.user_loader<\/p>\n
def load_user(user_id):<\/p>\n
return users.get(user_id)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u89c6\u56fe<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u767b\u5f55\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import request, flash<\/p>\nfrom flask_login import login_user<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])<\/p>\n
def login():<\/p>\n
if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
username = request.form['username']<\/p>\n
password = request.form['password']<\/p>\n
user = users.get(username)<\/p>\n
if user and user.password == password:<\/p>\n
login_user(user)<\/p>\n
flash('Logged in successfully.')<\/p>\n
return redirect(url_for('home'))<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
flash('Invalid credentials.')<\/p>\n
return render_template('login.html')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u6a21\u677f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684HTML\u8868\u5355\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<!-- login.html --><\/p>\n<form method="post"><\/p>\n
<div><\/p>\n
<label>Username:<\/label><\/p>\n
<input type="text" name="username"><\/p>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n
<div><\/p>\n
<label>Password:<\/label><\/p>\n
<input type="password" name="password"><\/p>\n
<\/div><\/p>\n
<input type="submit" value="Login"><\/p>\n
<\/form><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u4fdd\u62a4\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Flask-Login\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684login_required<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom flask_login import login_required<\/p>\n@app.route('\/dashboard')<\/p>\n
@login_required<\/p>\n
def dashboard():<\/p>\n
return "This is the dashboard, accessible only to logged-in users."<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982SQLite\u3001MySQL\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\u6216\u5176\u4ed6ORM\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u914d\u7f6eSQLAlchemy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5b89\u88c5SQLAlchemy\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy<\/p>\napp.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/users.db'<\/p>\n
db = SQLAlchemy(app)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class User(db.Model, UserMixin):<\/p>\n id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)<\/p>\n
username = db.Column(db.String(150), unique=True, nullable=False)<\/p>\n
password = db.Column(db.String(150), nullable=False)<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\ndb.create_all()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u8f7d\u903b\u8f91<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u66f4\u65b0load_user<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n@login_manager.user_loader<\/p>\ndef load_user(user_id):<\/p>\n
return User.query.get(int(user_id))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\u6216\u811a\u672c\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
new_user = User(username='new_user', password='new_password')<\/p>\ndb.session.add(new_user)<\/p>\n
db.session.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
JWT\uff08JSON Web Tokens\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u5b89\u88c5PyJWT<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5b89\u88c5PyJWT\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406JWT\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install PyJWT<\/p>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u521b\u5efaJWT<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5728\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aJWT\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import jwt<\/p>\nimport datetime<\/p>\n
SECRET_KEY = 'your_secret_key'<\/p>\n
def create_token(user_id):<\/p>\n
payload = {<\/p>\n
'user_id': user_id,<\/p>\n
'exp': datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
return jwt.encode(payload, SECRET_KEY, algorithm='HS256')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u9a8c\u8bc1JWT<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1JWT\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import request, jsonify<\/p>\ndef token_required(f):<\/p>\n
@wraps(f)<\/p>\n
def decorated(*args, kwargs):<\/p>\n
token = request.headers.get('x-access-token')<\/p>\n
if not token:<\/p>\n
return jsonify({'message': 'Token is missing!'}), 403<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
data = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=['HS256'])<\/p>\n
current_user = User.query.get(data['user_id'])<\/p>\n
except:<\/p>\n
return jsonify({'message': 'Token is invalid!'}), 403<\/p>\n
return f(current_user, *args, kwargs)<\/p>\n
return decorated<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/protected')<\/p>\n
@token_required<\/p>\n
def protected_route(current_user):<\/p>\n
return jsonify({'message': f'Hello {current_user.username}!'})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u53ca\u5176\u6269\u5c55\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u969c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6216Django\u7b49Web\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u767b\u5f55\u8868\u5355\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\nPython\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002Flask-Login\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3aFlask\u6846\u67b6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eDjango\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406API\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7RESTful API\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u534f\u8bae\u52a0\u5bc6\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982bcrypt\u6216Argon2\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5373\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u88ab\u653b\u7834\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f7b\u6613\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff08MFA\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u91cd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u767b\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u7b49\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":949805,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949802"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=949802"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":949806,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949802\/revisions\/949806"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/949805"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=949802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=949802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=949802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"python](\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25084630\/d67b9d5a-6070-43f5-8980-bc88dd92a8dd.webp\")
<\/p>\n