{"id":950031,"date":"2024-12-27T00:22:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:22:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/950031.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T00:23:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:23:02","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%90%9c%e8%b5%84%e6%96%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/950031.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u641c\u8d44\u6599"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25084804\/8328b5b5-a456-4d89-beb8-9277f23673a6.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u641c\u8d44\u6599\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>Python\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5229\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6293\u53d6\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\uff08Web Scraping\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Python\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\u5982Beautiful Soup\u548cScrapy\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u722c\u866b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u662fPython\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\uff0cPython\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Beautiful Soup<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>Beautiful Soup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4eceHTML\u548cXML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684HTML\u6587\u6863\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Python\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Beautiful Soup\u7684API\u8f7b\u677e\u904d\u5386\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5b89\u88c5Beautiful Soup\u5e93\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a<code>pip install beautifulsoup4<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408requests\u5e93\u6765\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528Beautiful Soup\u89e3\u6790\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u63d0\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Beautiful Soup\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u7c7b\u3001ID\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>find_all()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528<code>select()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Scrapy<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>Scrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u548c\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1aScrapy\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>pip install scrapy<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u3002Scrapy\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u722c\u866b\u7c7b\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u722c\u866b\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7f51\u5740\u4ee5\u53ca\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1aScrapy\u5185\u7f6e\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u3002Scrapy\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5229\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>API\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u662f\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>RESTful API<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>RESTful API\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u79cdWeb API\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1aPython\u7684requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e0eRESTful API\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1aAPI\u901a\u5e38\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0cPython\u7684json\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9API\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8bb8\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cTwitter\u3001Facebook\u3001Google\u7b49\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u591a\u6570API\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u6ce8\u518c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6API\u5bc6\u94a5\u6216OAuth\u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Twitter API\u53ef\u4ee5\u6293\u53d6\u63a8\u6587\u3001\u5206\u6790\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528Google Maps API\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90\u4e5f\u662f\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Google\u3001Bing\u7b49\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3001\u6559\u7a0b\u3001\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5e03\u5c14\u641c\u7d22\u6280\u5de7\uff08AND\u3001OR\u3001NOT\uff09\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u641c\u7d22<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u7ad9\u641c\u7d22\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b5b\u9009\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u5728\u7ebf\u793e\u533a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>Python\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u65f6\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8bba\u575b\u4e0e\u95ee\u7b54\u7f51\u7ad9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982Stack Overflow\u3001Reddit\u7684Python\u677f\u5757\uff0c\u662f\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u7f16\u7a0b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u573a\u6240\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1aGitHub\u4e0a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001Python\u5e93\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u65f6\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528Python\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Pandas\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>Pandas\u662fPython\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1aPandas\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001Excel\u3001SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong>\uff1aPandas\u4e0eMatplotlib\u3001Seaborn\u7b49\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e93\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol 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