{"id":953382,"date":"2024-12-27T01:43:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:43:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/953382.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T01:43:09","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:43:09","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e6%98%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/953382.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u662f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570isinstance()<\/code>\u3001type()<\/code>\u3001\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cisinstance()<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6216\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002type()<\/code>\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u884c\u4e3a\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

isinstance()<\/code>\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u662fisinstance(object, classinfo)<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6216\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u5224\u65ad\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
x = 5<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(x, int))  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
y = "Hello"<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(y, str))  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
\u5224\u65ad\u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
z = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(z, list))  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
isinstance()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Animal:<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
class Dog(Animal):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
dog = Dog()<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(dog, Animal))  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.3 \u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u5224\u65ad<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
isinstance()<\/code>\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u4f20\u5165\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 3.14<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(x, (int, float, str)))  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0ctype()<\/code>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
x = 5<\/p>\n
print(type(x) == int)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
y = "Hello"<\/p>\n
print(type(y) == str)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
type()<\/code>\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8981\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Animal:<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
class Dog(Animal):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
dog = Dog()<\/p>\n
print(type(dog) == Animal)  # \u8f93\u51fa: False<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u975e\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u3002Python\u63d0\u5021\u201c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u8d70\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u9e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u53eb\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u9e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u9e2d\u5b50\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Duck:<\/p>\n
    def quack(self):<\/p>\n
        print("Quack!")<\/p>\n
class Person:<\/p>\n
    def quack(self):<\/p>\n
        print("I'm quacking like a duck!")<\/p>\n
def in_the_forest(duck):<\/p>\n
    duck.quack()<\/p>\n
duck = Duck()<\/p>\n
person = Person()<\/p>\n
in_the_forest(duck)   # \u8f93\u51fa: Quack!<\/p>\n
in_the_forest(person) # \u8f93\u51fa: I'm quacking like a duck!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u5c40\u9650<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5173\u5fc3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u591f\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1aisinstance()<\/code>\u3001type()<\/code>\u548c\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u3002isinstance()<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u901a\u7528\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u7ee7\u627f\u5224\u65ad\u3002type()<\/code>\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7cbe\u786e\u7c7b\u578b\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u800c\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570type()<\/code>\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ctype(variable)<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528isinstance(variable, type)<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cif variable:<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\u3001None\u7b49\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3aFalse\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65adPython\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cisinstance(variable, (int, float))<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56deTrue\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u6574\u6570\u6216\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570isinstance()\u3001type()\u3001\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cisinsta […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":953390,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/953382"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=953382"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/953382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":953394,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/953382\/revisions\/953394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/953390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=953382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=953382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=953382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}