{"id":955824,"date":"2024-12-27T02:22:52","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T18:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/955824.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T02:22:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T18:22:56","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/955824.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e8f\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b\u5e76\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Python\u8bed\u8a00\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1Python\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Python\u662f\u7f16\u5199Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Windows\u3001macOS\u548cLinux\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eePython\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08python.org\uff09\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9009\u62e9\u201cAdd Python to PATH\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684Python\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u52fe\u9009\u201cAdd Python to PATH\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.2 macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728macOS\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Homebrew\u6765\u5b89\u88c5Python\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

brew install python<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5b89\u88c5Python\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get update<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install python3<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u4e60Python\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u7f16\u5199Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002Python\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9bPython\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10<\/p>\n
y = 3.14<\/p>\n
name = "Alice"<\/p>\n
is_student = True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
if x > 5:<\/p>\n
    print("x is greater than 5")<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print("x is not greater than 5")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
for i in range(5):<\/p>\n
    print("This is iteration", i)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.3 \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u6bb5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def greet(name):<\/p>\n
    print("Hello,", name)<\/p>\n
greet("Alice")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5Python\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684Python IDE\u5305\u62ecPyCharm\u3001Visual Studio Code\u548cJupyter Notebook\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 PyCharm<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
PyCharm\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python IDE\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7PyCharm\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5PyCharm\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Python\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 Visual Studio Code<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Visual Studio Code\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPython\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u88c5Python\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Visual Studio Code\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.3 Jupyter Notebook<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Jupyter Notebook\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Anaconda\u5b89\u88c5Jupyter Notebook\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install jupyter<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165jupyter notebook<\/code>\u542f\u52a8Jupyter Notebook\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u5199Python\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Python\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6216IDE\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216IDE\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u7f16\u5199Python\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6216IDE\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a.py<\/code>\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ahello.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python hello.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fPython 3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528python3<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python3 hello.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u627e\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5.1 \u4f7f\u7528print\u8bed\u53e5\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528print<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5.2 \u4f7f\u7528IDE\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5927\u591a\u6570IDE\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u9010\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u70b9\u51fb\u5de6\u4fa7\u884c\u53f7\u65c1\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5904\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201cDebug\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u4e60Python\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u5de9\u56fa\u4f60\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684Python\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.1 \u8ba1\u7b97\u5668<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u51cf\u4e58\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec3\u4e60Python\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.2 \u731c\u6570\u5b57\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u731c\u6570\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u731c\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec3\u4e60\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.3 \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b66\u4e60Python\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
7.1 \u5728\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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7.2 \u4e66\u7c4d<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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7.3 \u5728\u7ebf\u793e\u533a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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