{"id":958007,"date":"2024-12-27T03:13:28","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/958007.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T03:13:30","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:13:30","slug":"python%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b5%8b%e5%80%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/958007.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u8d4b\u503c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u8d4b\u503c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u6570\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u800c\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5411\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_dict = {}<\/p>\n
my_dict['key1'] = 'value1'<\/p>\n
my_dict['key2'] = 'value2'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u66f4\u65b0\u73b0\u6709\u952e\u7684\u503c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict['key1'] = 'new_value1'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06'key1'<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u4ece'value1'<\/code>\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a'new_value1'<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5411\u5b57\u5178\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict.update({'key3': 'value3', 'key4': 'value4'})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u5411my_dict<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict.update([('key5', 'value5'), ('key6', 'value6')])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5143\u7ec4\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5411my_dict<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u503c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u67e5\u627e\u952e\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.setdefault('key7', 'default_value7')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c'key7'<\/code>\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0csetdefault()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u503c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06'key7'<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a'default_value7'<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4e0d\u66f4\u65b0\u73b0\u6709\u952e\u7684\u503c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0csetdefault()<\/code>\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict['key8'] = 'value8'<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.setdefault('key8', 'new_value8')  # \u8fd4\u56de 'value8'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csetdefault()<\/code>\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de'key8'<\/code>\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a'new_value8'<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6216pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
del my_dict['key1']<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.pop('key2', 'default_value')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3001\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u3001values()<\/code>\u548citems()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3001\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
values = my_dict.values()<\/p>\n
items = my_dict.items()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict.clear()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u62f7\u8d1d\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528copy()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
copy_dict = my_dict.copy()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u4ecd\u7136\u5f15\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5. \u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python 3.9\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26|<\/code>\u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
dict1 = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}<\/p>\n
dict2 = {'b': 3, 'c': 4}<\/p>\n
merged_dict = dict1 | dict2<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
merged_dict<\/code>\u5c06\u5305\u542b{'a': 1, 'b': 3, 'c': 4}<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d'b'<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u6765\u81eadict2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6. \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684deepcopy()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import copy<\/p>\n
deep_copy_dict = copy.deepcopy(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u5c06\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u590d\u5236\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
7. \u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
squared_numbers = {x: x*x for x in range(1, 6)}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u952e\u662f\u4ece1\u52305\u7684\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u503c\u662f\u952e\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u5728Python\u4e2d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5217\u8868\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u627e\u6027\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u5f25\u8865\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u5178\u8d4b\u503c\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u5728\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict['new_key'] = 'new_value'<\/code>\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u4e3anew_key<\/code>\uff0c\u503c\u4e3anew_value<\/code>\u7684\u65b0\u9879\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u65b0Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e'age'<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u60f3\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a25\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528my_dict['age'] = 25<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u952e'age'<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u503c25\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528update\u65b9\u6cd5\u6279\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9Python\u5b57\u5178\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u5b57\u5178\u7684update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict.update({'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'})<\/code>\u5c06\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0key1<\/code>\u548ckey2<\/code>\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u65b0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u503c\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528update()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528setdefault( […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":958013,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/958007"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=958007"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/958007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":958014,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/958007\/revisions\/958014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/958013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=958007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=958007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=958007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}