{"id":959298,"date":"2024-12-27T03:39:29","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:39:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/959298.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T03:39:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:39:31","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/959298.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25102138\/06adf6f6-350c-42f7-ae45-7c483414c49d.webp\" alt=\"python \u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u4e00\u3001PYTHON\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<strong>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u5229\u7528Scrapy\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5bf9\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fdb\u884cGET\u6216POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<code>pip install requests<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;F<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>led to retrieve data&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528requests.get\u65b9\u6cd5\u5411\u76ee\u6807URL\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u901a\u8fc7\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61response\u7684status_code\u5c5e\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801200\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528response.text\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002requests\u5e93\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u5904\u7406Cookies\u7b49\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528REQUESTS\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>requests\u5e93\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684HTTP\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cdHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406URL\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001Cookies\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\u7684get\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Failed to retrieve data&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528requests.get\u65b9\u6cd5\u5411\u76ee\u6807URL\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u901a\u8fc7\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61response\u7684status_code\u5c5e\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801200\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528response.text\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\u7684post\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;http:\/\/example.com\/login&#39;<\/p>\n<p>data = {&#39;username&#39;: &#39;user&#39;, &#39;password&#39;: &#39;pass&#39;}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.post(url, data=data)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Login successful&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Login failed&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528requests.post\u65b9\u6cd5\u5411\u76ee\u6807URL\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7data\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u8981\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7response\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BEAUTIFULSOUP\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4e0erequests\u5e93\u5e38\u5e38\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7requests\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup\u5e93\uff1a<code>pip install beautifulsoup4<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, &#39;html.parser&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(soup.title.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u3002soup\u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7soup.title\u83b7\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6807\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>BeautifulSoup\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982find\u3001find_all\u3001select\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u67e5\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n<p>heading = soup.find(&#39;h1&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(heading.text)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>links = soup.find_all(&#39;a&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>for link in links:<\/p>\n<p>    print(link.get(&#39;href&#39;))<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4f7f\u7528CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>paragraphs = soup.select(&#39;p.intro&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>for paragraph in paragraphs:<\/p>\n<p>    print(paragraph.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5229\u7528SCRAPY\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Scrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u548c\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6293\u53d6\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Scrapy\uff1a<code>pip install scrapy<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Scrapy\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">scrapy startproject myproject<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amyproject\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542bScrapy\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u7f16\u5199\u722c\u866b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728Scrapy\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u722c\u866b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u722c\u866b\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\u81eascrapy.Spider\u7c7b\u7684Python\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7684URL\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import scrapy<\/p>\n<p>class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):<\/p>\n<p>    name = &#39;myspider&#39;<\/p>\n<p>    start_urls = [&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>    def parse(self, response):<\/p>\n<p>        for title in response.css(&#39;h1::text&#39;):<\/p>\n<p>            yield {&#39;title&#39;: title.get()}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cMySpider\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u722c\u866b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecestart_urls\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684URL\u5f00\u59cb\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7yield\u8fd4\u56de\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884cScrapy\u722c\u866b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">scrapy crawl myspider<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0cScrapy\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u5ea6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Scrapy\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982JSON\u3001CSV\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SELENIUM\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u3002Selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\uff1a<code>pip install selenium<\/code>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982ChromeDriver\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u5e76\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=&#39;path\/to\/chromedriver&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>driver.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>title = driver.title<\/p>\n<p>print(title)<\/p>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aChrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7get\u65b9\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u901a\u8fc7driver.title\u83b7\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>Selenium\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982find_element_by_id\u3001find_elements_by_class_name\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n<p>heading = driver.find_element_by_tag_name(&#39;h1&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(heading.text)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>links = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name(&#39;a&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>for link in links:<\/p>\n<p>    print(link.get_attribute(&#39;href&#39;))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\uff0cAPI\u63a5\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4e86\u89e3API\u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528API\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u9605API\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3API\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570API\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c\u548c\u83b7\u53d6API\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5929\u6c14\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>api_key = &#39;your_api_key&#39;<\/p>\n<p>url = f&#39;http:\/\/api.weatherapi.com\/v1\/current.json?key={api_key}&amp;q=London&#39;<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>data = response.json()<\/p>\n<p>print(data[&#39;location&#39;][&#39;name&#39;], data[&#39;current&#39;][&#39;temp_c&#39;])<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u5929\u6c14API\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7response.json()\u89e3\u6790\u8fd4\u56de\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cPython\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4<code>pip install requests<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>requests.get(url)<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6307\u5b9a\u7684URL\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>response.text<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528<code>response.json()<\/code>\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982HTML\u6216JSON\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eHTML\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eJSON\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>json.loads()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u60a8\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u6709\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>try...except<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002requests\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>timeout<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u5728\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8bd5\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u3001PYTHON\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 Python\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":959306,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=959298"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":959309,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959298\/revisions\/959309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/959306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=959298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=959298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=959298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}