{"id":960652,"date":"2024-12-27T03:51:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:51:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/960652.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T03:51:35","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:51:35","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e8%af%bbexcel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/960652.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u8bfbexcel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u8bfbexcel\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3001openpyxl\u5e93\u3001xlrd\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7pandas\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cpandas\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001Excel\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cpandas\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff08\u5982NumPy\u3001matplotlib\u7b49\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas\u5e93\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\u3002pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u800copenpyxl\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pandas openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u51fd\u6570read_excel<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528read_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u540d\u4e3aexample.xlsx<\/code>\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528head()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9asheet_name<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u540d\u4e3a'Sheet2'\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n
df_sheet2 = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet2')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df_sheet2.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06sheet_name<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528sheet_name=None<\/code>\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n
dfs = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', sheet_name=['Sheet1', 'Sheet2'])<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
dfs_all = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', sheet_name=None)<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a'Sheet1'\u7684\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(dfs['Sheet1'].head())<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(dfs_all.keys())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u65f6\uff0cread_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u952e\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684DataFrame\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7usecols<\/code>\u548cnrows<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217<\/p>\n
df_columns = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', usecols='A:C')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u524d\u5341\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df_rows = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', nrows=10)<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df_columns.head())<\/p>\n
print(df_rows.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578bExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002pandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u586b\u5145\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u586b\u5145\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
df_filled = df.fillna(0)<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u5305\u542b\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\u7684\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df_dropped = df.dropna()<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df_filled.head())<\/p>\n
print(df_dropped.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5230Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002pandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570to_excel<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fdd\u5b58DataFrame\u5230Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
df.to_excel('output.xlsx', index=False)<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u591a\u4e2aDataFrame\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with pd.ExcelWriter('output_multiple_sheets.xlsx') as writer:<\/p>\n
    df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)<\/p>\n
    df_sheet2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2', index=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u578bExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u53ea\u8bfb\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5408\u7406\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip install pandas openpyxl<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1aimport pandas as pd<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx')<\/code>\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5c06Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u201d\u6216\u201c\u65e0\u6548\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u201d\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a.xlsx<\/code>\u6216.xls<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u7f16\u7801\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982encoding='utf-8'<\/code>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u5426\u517c\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx', sheet_name='\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0')<\/code>\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u60f3\u8bfb\u53d6\u67d0\u51e0\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528usecols<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx', usecols=['A', 'C'])<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u53ea\u52a0\u8f7dA\u5217\u548cC\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3001openpyxl\u5e93\u3001xlrd\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u63a8\u8350 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":960657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960652"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=960652"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960652\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":960658,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/960652\/revisions\/960658"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/960657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=960652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=960652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=960652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}