{"id":960898,"date":"2024-12-27T03:53:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/960898.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T03:53:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:53:52","slug":"linux%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8cpython","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/960898.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cpython"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"linux\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cpython\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4python --version<\/code>\u6216python3 --version<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5Python\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5982apt<\/code>\u6216yum<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528python filename.py<\/code>\u6216python3 filename.py<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u4f60\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0cPython\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9884\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6709apt<\/code>\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8eDebian\u548cUbuntu\uff09\u548cyum<\/code>\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8eCentOS\u548cFedora\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u901a\u8fc7apt\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5728Ubuntu\u6216Debian\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    sudo apt update<\/p>\n
    sudo apt install python3<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5b89\u88c5Python 3\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python 2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06python3<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3apython2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u901a\u8fc7yum\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728CentOS\u6216Fedora\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    sudo yum install python3<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python 2\uff0c\u5c06python3<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3apython2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1Python\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python3 --version<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u7f16\u5199\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u57fa\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ascript.py<\/code>\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      python3 script.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4Python\u7248\u672c\u662f3.x\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528python<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679cPython\u811a\u672c\u4e0d\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      python3 \/path\/to\/your\/script.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u4f20\u9012\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5411Python\u811a\u672c\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      python3 script.py arg1 arg2<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7sys.argv<\/code>\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u542f\u52a8\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        python3<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6216\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        python<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u5c06\u6253\u5f00Python\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165Python\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u7684Python\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        >>> print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
        Hello, World!<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u9000\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8981\u9000\u51faPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        >>> exit()<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u6309Ctrl+D<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Shebang\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0Shebang\uff08#!<\/code>\uff09\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u6dfb\u52a0Shebang\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0bShebang\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          #!\/usr\/bin\/env python3<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528Python 3\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u8d4b\u4e88\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8d4b\u4e88\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528chmod<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          chmod +x script.py<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          .\/script.py<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff08\u5982cron\uff09\u6765\u5b9a\u671f\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u7f16\u8f91cron\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528crontab -e<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5f00cron\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            crontab -e<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u6dfb\u52a0cron\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u671f\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66682\u70b9\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            0 2 * * * \/usr\/bin\/python3 \/path\/to\/your\/script.py<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6307\u5b9aPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u548c\u811a\u672c\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          3. \n
            \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u7f16\u8f91\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u3002cron\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6267\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Linux\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Ubuntu\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4sudo apt-get install python3<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5Python 3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eRed Hat\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982CentOS\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sudo yum install python3<\/code>\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165python3 --version<\/code>\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u7f16\u5199Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u5199Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5305\u62ecVim\u3001Nano\u3001Emacs\u548cGedit\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff0cGedit\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u52a0\u53cb\u597d\uff1b\u800cVim\u548cEmacs\u5219\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
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