{"id":962035,"date":"2024-12-27T04:04:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:04:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/962035.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:04:33","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:04:33","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95ssh%e7%99%bb%e5%bd%95%e8%8a%82%e7%82%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/962035.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55ssh\u767b\u5f55\u8282\u70b9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25104108\/89ff9c1c-b11a-4cc2-8852-207fe5ac1f66.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55ssh\u767b\u5f55\u8282\u70b9\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u8282\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528fabric\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pexpect\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0cParamiko\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684SSH\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301SSH2\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u5904\u7406SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\uff1bfabric\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eParamiko\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6267\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u90e8\u7f72\uff1bpexpect\u6a21\u5757\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PARAMIKO\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Paramiko\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0SSH\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8eSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u548cSFTP\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5Paramiko<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install paramiko<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u521b\u5efaSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import paramiko<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efaSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u52a0\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684HostKeys<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684HostKeys\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u5230\u672c\u5730HostKeys\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>connect<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<p>ssh.connect(hostname=&#39;your.hostname.com&#39;, port=22, username=&#39;your_username&#39;, password=&#39;your_password&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>exec_command<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(&#39;ls -l&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(stdout.read().decode())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u5173\u95edSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<p>ssh.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528FABRIC\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Fabric\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8ePython\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316SSH\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5Fabric<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5Fabric\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install fabric<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Fabric\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u7ba1\u7406SSH\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Fabric\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from fabric import Connection<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>conn = Connection(&#39;your_username@your.hostname.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>result = conn.run(&#39;ls -l&#39;, hide=True)<\/p>\n<p>print(result.stdout)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Fabric\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684SSH\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90e8\u7f72\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PEXPECT\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pexpect\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684Python\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5pexpect<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5b89\u88c5pexpect\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pexpect<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528pexpect\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pexpect\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aSSH\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pexpect<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u542f\u52a8SSH\u4f1a\u8bdd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>child = pexpect.spawn(&#39;ssh your_username@your.hostname.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5904\u7406\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>child.expect(&#39;password:&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>child.sendline(&#39;your_password&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>child.expect(&#39;$&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>child.sendline(&#39;ls -l&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>child.expect(&#39;$&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(child.before.decode())<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u9000\u51fa<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>child.sendline(&#39;exit&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pexpect\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u591a\u6b65\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<strong>Paramiko\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cFabric\u9002\u5408\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800cPexpect\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/strong>\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0SSH\u767b\u5f55\u8282\u70b9\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0SSH\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528<code>paramiko<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u8fde\u63a5SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>paramiko<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SSH\u8282\u70b9\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import paramiko\n\n# \u521b\u5efaSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u4f8b\nclient = paramiko.SSHClient()\nclient.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())\n\n# \u8fde\u63a5\u5230SSH\u8282\u70b9\nclient.connect(hostname=&#39;your_hostname&#39;, username=&#39;your_username&#39;, password=&#39;your_password&#39;)\n\n# \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\nstdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command(&#39;ls&#39;)\nprint(stdout.read().decode())\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\nclient.close()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528<code>paramiko<\/code>\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6765\u786e\u4fddSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5305\u62ec<code>paramiko.SSHException<\/code>\u548c<code>socket.error<\/code>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:\n    client.connect(hostname=&#39;your_hostname&#39;, username=&#39;your_username&#39;, password=&#39;your_password&#39;)\nexcept paramiko.AuthenticationException:\n    print(&quot;\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002&quot;)\nexcept paramiko.SSHException as sshException:\n    print(f&quot;\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668: {sshException}&quot;)\nexcept socket.error as sockException:\n    print(f&quot;Socket\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25: {sockException}&quot;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662f<code>paramiko<\/code>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install paramiko\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5b89\u88c5<code>scp<\/code>\u5e93\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install scp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u8282\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528fabric\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pex [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":962037,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962035"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=962035"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962035\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":962039,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962035\/revisions\/962039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/962037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=962035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=962035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=962035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}