{"id":966445,"date":"2024-12-27T04:47:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:47:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/966445.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:47:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:47:43","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2%e9%87%8d%e5%a4%8d%e6%8f%90%e4%ba%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/966445.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\"<\/p>\n

Python\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u3001\u5f15\u5165\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5229\u7528Redis\u7b49\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

CSRF\uff08Cross-Site Request Forgery\uff09\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u548c\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\u5c06\u8be5\u4ee4\u724c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ee4\u724c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001CSRF\u4ee4\u724c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee4\u724c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5d4c\u5165\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u85cf\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee4\u724c\u4f1a\u968f\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982Django\u548cFlask\uff0c\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684CSRF\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDjango\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528{% csrf_token %}<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cCSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u548c\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u88ab\u731c\u6d4b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ee4\u724c\u5728\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8fc7\u671f\u540e\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e42\u7b49\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u8bf7\u6c42ID\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42ID\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u8be5ID\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u3002\u82e5\u5df2\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed3\u679c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u7ebf\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u6263\u51cf\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5229\u7528Redis\u7b49\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002Redis\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u952e\uff0c\u82e5\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u952e\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7f13\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001Redis\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7redis-py<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5cRedis\u3002\u5229\u7528Redis\u7684SETNX\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u591a\u5e76\u53d1\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u524d\u4f7f\u7528SETNX\u547d\u4ee4\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u952e\uff0c\u82e5\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u672a\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9501\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52a1\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u3002\u82e5\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u672a\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u5e93\u5b58\u6263\u51cf\u3001\u8d26\u6237\u4f59\u989d\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u82e5\u5339\u914d\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528SQLAlchemy\u7b49ORM\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7filter_by<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u662fWeb\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u3001\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u548c\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001Django\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Django\u4e2d\uff0cCSRF\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528{% csrf_token %}<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<form method="post"><\/p>\n
    {% csrf_token %}<\/p>\n
    <!-- \u8868\u5355\u5b57\u6bb5 --><\/p>\n
    <input type="submit" value="Submit"><\/p>\n
<\/form><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u751f\u6210CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001Flask\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Flask\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Flask-WTF<\/code>\u6269\u5c55\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0CSRF\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, render_template<\/p>\n
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm<\/p>\n
from wtforms import StringField, SubmitField<\/p>\n
from flask_wtf.csrf import CSRFProtect<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key'<\/p>\n
csrf = CSRFProtect(app)<\/p>\n
class MyForm(FlaskForm):<\/p>\n
    name = StringField('Name')<\/p>\n
    submit = SubmitField('Submit')<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])<\/p>\n
def index():<\/p>\n
    form = MyForm()<\/p>\n
    if form.validate_on_submit():<\/p>\n
        # \u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4<\/p>\n
        pass<\/p>\n
    return render_template('index.html', form=form)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Flask\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eSECRET_KEY<\/code>\u548c\u542f\u7528CSRFProtect<\/code>\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u751f\u6210\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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