{"id":966853,"date":"2024-12-27T04:51:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:51:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/966853.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:51:28","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:51:28","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8yml%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/966853.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528yml\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528yml\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528YML\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6YML\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406YML\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528PyYAML\u5e93\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528YML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PyYAML\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u751f\u6210YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684Python\u5e93\u3002\u8981\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528YAML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u8f7b\u677e\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pyyaml<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165PyYAML\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5904\u7406YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6YML\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6YML\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4f7f\u7528YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408PyYAML\u7684yaml.SAFe<\/a>_load<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import yaml<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6YML\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('config.yml', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    config = yaml.safe_load(file)<\/p>\n
print(config)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cyaml.safe_load<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u89e3\u6790YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5982\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62YAML\u89e3\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u89e3\u6790YML\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6YML\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbeYML\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
database:<\/p>\n
  host: localhost<\/p>\n
  port: 3306<\/p>\n
  username: root<\/p>\n
  password: example<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95eePython\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bbf\u95eeYML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
db_host = config['database']['host']<\/p>\n
db_port = config['database']['port']<\/p>\n
db_username = config['database']['username']<\/p>\n
db_password = config['database']['password']<\/p>\n
print(f"Host: {db_host}, Port: {db_port}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8ePython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u66f4\u65b0YML\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u89e3\u6790YML\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684Python\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528yaml.dump<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u56deYML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fee\u6539\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
config['database']['host'] = '127.0.0.1'<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u56deYML\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('config.yml', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    yaml.dump(config, file)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u4e86host<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u56de\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cYAML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5982\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
servers:<\/p>\n
  - name: server1<\/p>\n
    ip: 192.168.1.1<\/p>\n
    roles:<\/p>\n
      - web<\/p>\n
      - database<\/p>\n
  - name: server2<\/p>\n
    ip: 192.168.1.2<\/p>\n
    roles:<\/p>\n
      - web<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n
for server in config['servers']:<\/p>\n
    server_name = server['name']<\/p>\n
    server_ip = server['ip']<\/p>\n
    roles = ', '.join(server['roles'])<\/p>\n
    print(f"Server: {server_name}, IP: {server_ip}, Roles: {roles}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528YML\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
YML\u6587\u4ef6\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5982\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u79bb\u5230YML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5207\u6362\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684YML\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
environment = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 'development'<\/p>\n
config_file = f'config_{environment}.yml'<\/p>\n
with open(config_file, 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    config = yaml.safe_load(file)<\/p>\n
print(f"Loaded configuration for {environment} environment.")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001YML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
YML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u4e0eXML\u6216JSON\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cYAML\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002YAML\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u63cf\u8ff0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0cYAML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u906d\u9047\u610f\u5916\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cYAML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u5bf9\u683c\u5f0f\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u89e3\u6790\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u5199YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528YML\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528yaml.safe_load<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u975eyaml.load<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4fdd\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u7b80\u6d01<\/strong>\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u653e\u5165YAML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06YAML\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7eb3\u5165\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8f7b\u677e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u6587\u6863<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728YAML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5404\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u7684\u7528\u9014\u548c\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528YML\u6587\u4ef6\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6yml\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6yml\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528PyYAML<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip install pyyaml<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u6b64\u5e93\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6yml\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528yaml.safe_load()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      import yaml\n\nwith open('your_file.yml', 'r') as file:\n    data = yaml.safe_load(file)\n    print(data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165yml\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5199\u5165yml\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PyYAML<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528yaml.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ayml\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      import yaml\n\ndata = {\n    'name': 'Alice',\n    'age': 30,\n    'skills': ['Python', 'Data Science']\n}\n\nwith open('output_file.yml', 'w') as file:\n    yaml.dump(data, file)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3ayml\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u529f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
      yml\u6587\u4ef6\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
      yml\u6587\u4ef6\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b58\u50a8\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n