{"id":971229,"date":"2024-12-27T05:33:05","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:33:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/971229.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T05:33:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:33:08","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a0%e9%99%a4python%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/971229.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664python\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664python\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\"<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5220\u9664Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3001pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001popitem()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cdel<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\uff0cpop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u503c\uff0cpopitem()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0cclear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u7a7a\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u952e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1KeyError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/strong>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7in<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u5220\u9664Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u952e\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c06\u629b\u51faKeyError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
del my_dict['b']<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'a': 1, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u952e\u5b58\u5728\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528in<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
if 'b' in my_dict:<\/p>\n
    del my_dict['b']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5220\u9664\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5220\u9664\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u6b21\u8c03\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys_to_delete = ['a', 'c']<\/p>\n
for key in keys_to_delete:<\/p>\n
    if key in my_dict:<\/p>\n
        del my_dict[key]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u8be5\u952e\u5173\u8054\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.pop('b', None)<\/p>\n
print(value)    # \u8f93\u51fa: 2<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'a': 1, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pop()<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.pop('z', 'Not Found')<\/p>\n
print(value)  # \u8f93\u51fa: 'Not Found'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5220\u9664\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8be5\u503c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
value = my_dict.pop('a', 0)<\/p>\n
if value:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u5904\u7406\u503c: {value}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528popitem()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
popitem()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u3002\u5728Python 3.7\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64popitem()<\/code>\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u63d2\u5165\u987a\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
last_item = my_dict.popitem()<\/p>\n
print(last_item)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ('c', 3)<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)    # \u8f93\u51fa: {'a': 1, 'b': 2}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8c03\u7528popitem()<\/code>\uff0c\u5c06\u629b\u51faKeyError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
if my_dict:<\/p>\n
    last_item = my_dict.popitem()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u7528\u4e8e\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u5728Python 3.7+\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64popitem()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08LIFO\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
stack = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
while stack:<\/p>\n
    print(stack.popitem())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
my_dict.clear()<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7f6e\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6e05\u7a7a\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def reset_dict(d):<\/p>\n
    d.clear()<\/p>\n
reset_dict(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4e0edel<\/code>\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
clear()<\/code>\u53ea\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
del my_dict  # \u5f7b\u5e95\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u660e\u786e\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u952e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528popitem()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6309\u63d2\u5165\u987a\u5e8f\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5b57\u5178\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5220\u9664Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8981\u5220\u9664Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6216pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adel my_dict[key]<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u952e\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e3a\uff1avalue = my_dict.pop(key)<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u98ce\u9669\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1KeyError<\/code>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5220\u9664\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1avalue = my_dict.pop(key, None)<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u82e5\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u600e\u6837\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8981\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u548c\u5b57\u5178\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5220\u9664\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    keys_to_remove = ['key1', 'key2']\nnew_dict = {k: v for k, v in my_dict.items() if k not in keys_to_remove}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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