{"id":971378,"date":"2024-12-27T05:34:23","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/971378.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T05:34:25","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:34:25","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e5%8f%96%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/971378.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 open()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 read()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 strip()<\/code> \u6e05\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 split()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u884c\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 with<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 with<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u6570\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 open()<\/code> \u548c readlines()<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0copen()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0creadlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 open()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982 'r' \u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 readlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    with open('listfile.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
        lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u5904\u7406\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    readlines()<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u672b\u5c3e\u5305\u542b\u6362\u884c\u7b26 \\n<\/code>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 strip()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    list_data = [line.strip() for line in lines]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6240\u9700\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u6216\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    list_data = [int(line.strip()) for line in lines]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 read()<\/code> \u548c splitlines()<\/code><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 read()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 splitlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 read()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      with open('listfile.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
          content = file.read()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u62c6\u5206\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 splitlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u884c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      list_data = content.splitlines()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      list_data = [int(line) for line in content.splitlines()]<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 csv<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 csv<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u5bfc\u5165 csv<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528 csv.reader<\/code> \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import csv<\/p>\n
        with open('listfile.csv', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
            reader = csv.reader(file)<\/p>\n
            list_data = [row for row in reader]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        list_data = [[int(item) for item in row] for row in reader]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 pandas<\/code> \u8bfb\u53d6\u590d\u6742\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 pandas<\/code> \u5e93\u3002pandas<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u5bfc\u5165 pandas<\/code> \u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528 pandas.read_csv<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
          df = pd.read_csv('listfile.csv')<\/p>\n
          list_data = df.values.tolist()<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528 pandas<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          list_data = df['column_name'].tolist()<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u6355\u83b7<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u4f7f\u7528 try-except<\/code> \u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 try-except<\/code> \u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            try:<\/p>\n
                with open('listfile.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
                    lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n
                    list_data = [int(line.strip()) for line in lines]<\/p>\n
            except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n
                print("File not found. Please check the file path.")<\/p>\n
            except ValueError:<\/p>\n
                print("Value error. Ensure the file contAI<\/a>ns the correct data format.")<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5728Python\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u683c\u5f0f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6d41\u7a0b\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528readlines()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:\n    data = file.readlines()\n    data = [line.strip() for line in data]  # \u53bb\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7b26\u5408JSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a[1, 2, "\u4e09", 4.0]\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            import json\n\nwith open('file.json', 'r') as file:\n    data = json.load(file)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e26\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528csv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            import csv\n\nwith open('file.csv', 'r') as file:\n    reader = csv.reader(file)\n    data = [row for row in reader]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 open() \u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 read() \u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4f7f […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":971383,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971378"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=971378"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":971386,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971378\/revisions\/971386"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/971383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=971378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=971378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=971378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}