{"id":971920,"date":"2024-12-27T05:39:18","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:39:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/971920.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T05:39:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:39:20","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e9%94%ae%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/971920.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u952e\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u952e\u5217\u8868\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\uff08dictionary\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u952e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eJavaScript\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216Java\u4e2d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u952e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u5728Python 3\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
    keys_view = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
    print(keys_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528list()\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u952e\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    keys_list = list(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n
    print(keys_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['name', 'age', 'city']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b57\u5178\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u5f97\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      keys_list = [key for key in my_dict]<\/p>\n
      print(keys_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['name', 'age', 'city']<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u4e0ekeys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0ekeys()\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u952e\u5217\u8868\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      # \u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e3\u7684\u952e<\/p>\n
      filtered_keys = [key for key in my_dict if len(key) > 3]<\/p>\n
      print(filtered_keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['name', 'city']<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u800c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u952e\u63d0\u53d6\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u53d7\u9650\u6216\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        for key in my_dict:<\/p>\n
            print(key)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cfkeys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u90a3\u6837\u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u5927\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u904d\u5386\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u6216\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u89c6\u56fe\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u5219\u9002\u5408\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u6ce8\u610f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5b57\u5178\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fed\u4ee3\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u83b7\u53d6Python\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u80fd\u5728\u4f60\u7684Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e26\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
           \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}\nkey_list = list(my_dict.keys())\nprint(key_list)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa['a', 'b', 'c']<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u952e\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u6216\u904d\u5386\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u5982sorted()<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bcd'a'\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u952e\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          filtered_keys = [key for key in my_dict.keys() if key.startswith('a')]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u8fd9\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u800c\u4e0d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u4e0d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5370\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          print(my_dict.keys())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e3adict_keys(['a', 'b', 'c'])<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4fbf\u6377\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":971930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971920"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=971920"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971920\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":971935,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/971920\/revisions\/971935"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/971930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=971920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=971920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=971920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}