{"id":973910,"date":"2024-12-27T06:00:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/973910.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:00:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:00:43","slug":"ubantu%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/973910.html","title":{"rendered":"ubantu\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5python"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ubantu\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5python\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Python\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Ubuntu\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668APT\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5229\u7528Anaconda\u7b49Python\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6765\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528APT\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u548cAnaconda\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528APT\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

APT\uff08Advanced Package Tool\uff09\u662fUbuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u66f4\u65b0APT\u5305\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u786e\u4fddAPT\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

sudo apt update<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5237\u65b0\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684Python\u7248\u672c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u65b0\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u4ee5\u53ca\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python3 --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6216<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cUbuntu 20.04\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u662fPython 3.x\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5Python 3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt install python3<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5Python 3\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt install python3.8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pip<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Pip\u662fPython\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5pip\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt install python3-pip<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip3<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406Python\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6ePython\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5c06Python 3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528update-alternatives<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo update-alternatives --install \/usr\/bin\/python python \/usr\/bin\/python3 1<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5c06python<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5411python3<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1Python\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7dPython\u6e90\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ecePython\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6240\u9700\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528wget<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
wget https:\/\/www.python.org\/ftp\/python\/3.x.x\/Python-3.x.x.tgz<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u5c063.x.x<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u89e3\u538b\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u538b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
tar -xvf Python-3.x.x.tgz<\/p>\n
cd Python-3.x.x<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
.\/configure --enable-optimizations<\/p>\n
make -j 4<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
-j 4<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636eCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u91cf\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo make altinstall<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528altinstall<\/code>\u800c\u4e0d\u662finstall<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8986\u76d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python3.x --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Anaconda\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Anaconda\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/a>\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86Python\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7dAnaconda\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4eceAnaconda\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u7528\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528wget<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
wget https:\/\/repo.anaconda.com\/archive\/Anaconda3-2023.07-Linux-x86_64.sh<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
chmod +x Anaconda3-2023.07-Linux-x86_64.sh<\/p>\n
.\/Anaconda3-2023.07-Linux-x86_64.sh<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bb8\u53ef\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Anaconda\u7684Python\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
export PATH=~\/anaconda3\/bin:$PATH<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1Anaconda\u548cPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
conda --version<\/p>\n
python --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528conda\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Anaconda\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86conda<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406Python\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5305\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
conda create --name myenv python=3.x<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
conda activate myenv<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Python\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
conda install numpy pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Python\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u3002APT\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u3002Anaconda\u5219\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6Python\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\uff0cPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165sudo apt update<\/code>\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4sudo apt install python3<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684Python 3\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528python3 --version<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528deadsnakes<\/code> PPA\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0PPA\u6e90\uff1asudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes\/ppa<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5982sudo apt install python3.8<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528python3.8 --version<\/code>\u68c0\u67e5\u5b89\u88c5\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406Ubuntu\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7248\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528update-alternatives<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7248\u672c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4sudo update-alternatives --install \/usr\/bin\/python3 python3 \/usr\/bin\/python3.x 1<\/code>\uff08\u5c06x<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6240\u9700\u7248\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528python3 --version<\/code>\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7sudo update-alternatives --config python3<\/code>\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Python\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Ubuntu\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668APT\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":973919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/973910"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=973910"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/973910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":973920,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/973910\/revisions\/973920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/973919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=973910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=973910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=973910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}