{"id":974306,"date":"2024-12-27T06:04:06","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/974306.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:04:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:04:07","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85python-os%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/974306.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5python os\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/24200049\/3a961f12-6eef-4e7a-8727-35934862034d.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5python os\u5e93\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python\u7684os\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aos\u5e93\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u968fPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e00\u540c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u201cimport os\u201d\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/strong>Python\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0cos\u6a21\u5757\u4fbf\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6ePython\u73af\u5883\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5Python\u7684\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>WINDOWS\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4e0b\u8f7dPython\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbf\u95eePython\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%A8%E2%80%9CDownloads%E2%80%9D%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E9%80%82%E5%90%88Windows%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E3%80%82\">https:\/\/www.python.org\/\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u201cDownloads\u201d\u9875\u9762\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408Windows\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u52fe\u9009\u201cAdd Python to PATH\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528Python\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff08cmd\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u5165<code>python --version<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c06\u663e\u793aPython\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><h3>MACOS\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Homebrew\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1aHomebrew\u662fmacOS\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Homebrew\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\/bin\/bash -c &quot;$(curl -fsSL https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/Homebrew\/install\/HEAD\/install.sh)&quot;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">brew install python<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u6837\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165<code>python3 --version<\/code>\u67e5\u770bPython\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><h3>LINUX\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eDebian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528apt\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt update<\/p>\n<p>sudo apt install python3<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eFedora\/Red Hat\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528dnf\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dnf install python3<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165<code>python3 --version<\/code>\u67e5\u770bPython\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5Python\u540e\uff0cos\u5e93\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7import\u8bed\u53e5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002os\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdos\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>os\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<p>os.mkdir(&#39;new_directory&#39;)  # \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3anew_directory\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.rmdir(&#39;new_directory&#39;)  # \u5220\u9664new_directory\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.makedirs(&#39;parent_dir\/child_dir&#39;)  # \u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.removedirs(&#39;parent_dir\/child_dir&#39;)  # \u5220\u9664\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">files = os.listdir(&#39;.&#39;)  # \u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5217\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">files = os.listdir(&#39;\/path\/to\/directory&#39;)  # \u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u66f4\u6539\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">cwd = os.getcwd()  # \u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.chdir(&#39;\/path\/to\/new\/directory&#39;)  # \u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>2\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>os\u5e93\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">is_exist = os.path.exists(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u68c0\u67e5file.txt\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">is_file = os.path.isfile(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">is_dir = os.path.isdir(&#39;directory&#39;)  # \u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">size = os.path.getsize(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u83b7\u53d6file.txt\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import time<\/p>\n<p>mod_time = os.path.getmtime(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>formatted_time = time.ctime(mod_time)  # \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>3\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0cos\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">path = os.environ.get(&#39;PATH&#39;)  # \u83b7\u53d6PATH\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.environ[&#39;MY_VAR&#39;] = &#39;value&#39;  # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">del os.environ[&#39;MY_VAR&#39;]  # \u5220\u9664\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>4\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>os\u5e93\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5728Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528os.system<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.system(&#39;echo Hello World&#39;)  # \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528os.popen<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with os.popen(&#39;ls&#39;) as process:<\/p>\n<p>    output = process.read()  # \u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u548c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pid = os.getpid()  # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">ppid = os.getppid()  # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>5\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>os\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u8def\u5f84\u62fc\u63a5\u548c\u5206\u5272<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u62fc\u63a5\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">path = os.path.join(&#39;directory&#39;, &#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u62fc\u63a5\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u5272\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">dir_name, file_name = os.path.split(&#39;\/path\/to\/file.txt&#39;)  # \u5206\u5272\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">name, ext = os.path.splitext(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u540d<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">abs_path = os.path.abspath(&#39;file.txt&#39;)  # \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">is_abs = os.path.isabs(&#39;\/path\/to\/file.txt&#39;)  # \u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>6\u3001\u6743\u9650\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>os\u5e93\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.chmod(&#39;file.txt&#39;, 0o755)  # \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.chown(&#39;file.txt&#39;, uid, gid)  # \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">os.utime(&#39;file.txt&#39;, (access_time, modify_time))  # \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u7684os\u5e93\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd8\u662f\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cos\u5e93\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9os\u5e93\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u4fbf\u643a\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u4fdd\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>os\u5e93\u662fPython\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5b89\u88c5Python\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u5355\u72ec\u5b89\u88c5os\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u60a8\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>import os<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>os\u5e93\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u54ea\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>os\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bbf\u95ee\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5os\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u786e\u8ba4os\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u5728\u60a8\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os\nprint(os.__file__)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u51faos\u5e93\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u5e93\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python\u7684os\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aos\u5e93\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":974310,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/974306"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=974306"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/974306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":974311,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/974306\/revisions\/974311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/974310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=974306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=974306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=974306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}