{"id":975466,"date":"2024-12-27T06:13:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/975466.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:13:36","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:13:36","slug":"python%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8a%a0%e9%94%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/975466.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u9501"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u9501\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u52a0\u9501\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Lock<\/code>\u3001RLock<\/code>\u3001Semaphore<\/code>\u3001Condition<\/code>\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63a7\u5236\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong> Lock<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u52a0\u9501\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u524d\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdPython\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u52a0\u9501\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PYTHON\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\uff08LOCK\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2dLock<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u539f\u8bed\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\uff1b\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Lock<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aLock<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528acquire()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8c03\u7528release()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u3002acquire()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u76f4\u5230\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u9501\uff0c\u800crelease()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5c06\u9501\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import threading<\/p>\n
    lock = threading.Lock()<\/p>\n
    def critical_section():<\/p>\n
        lock.acquire()<\/p>\n
        try:<\/p>\n
            # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
            pass<\/p>\n
        finally:<\/p>\n
            lock.release()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Python\u7684Lock<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u652f\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7b80\u5316\u9501\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5fd8\u8bb0\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import threading<\/p>\n
      lock = threading.Lock()<\/p>\n
      def critical_section():<\/p>\n
          with lock:<\/p>\n
              # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
              pass<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u5165\u9501\uff08RLOCK\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      RLock<\/code>\uff08\u53ef\u91cd\u5165\u9501\uff09\u662fLock<\/code>\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u591a\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u540c\u4e00\u628a\u9501\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cRLock<\/code>\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528RLock<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        RLock<\/code>\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0eLock<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aRLock<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u524d\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import threading<\/p>\n
        rlock = threading.RLock()<\/p>\n
        def recursive_function(n):<\/p>\n
            rlock.acquire()<\/p>\n
            try:<\/p>\n
                if n > 0:<\/p>\n
                    print(f"Recursive call with n={n}")<\/p>\n
                    recursive_function(n - 1)<\/p>\n
            finally:<\/p>\n
                rlock.release()<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e0eLock<\/code>\u4e00\u6837\uff0cRLock<\/code>\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u9501\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import threading<\/p>\n
          rlock = threading.RLock()<\/p>\n
          def recursive_function(n):<\/p>\n
              with rlock:<\/p>\n
                  if n > 0:<\/p>\n
                      print(f"Recursive call with n={n}")<\/p>\n
                      recursive_function(n - 1)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff08SEMAPHORE\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff08Semaphore\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Semaphore<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u5728\u521b\u5efaSemaphore<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u524d\u8c03\u7528acquire()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8c03\u7528release()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import threading<\/p>\n
            semaphore = threading.Semaphore(3)<\/p>\n
            def limited_access():<\/p>\n
                semaphore.acquire()<\/p>\n
                try:<\/p>\n
                    # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
                    pass<\/p>\n
                finally:<\/p>\n
                    semaphore.release()<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              Semaphore<\/code>\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              import threading<\/p>\n
              semaphore = threading.Semaphore(3)<\/p>\n
              def limited_access():<\/p>\n
                  with semaphore:<\/p>\n
                      # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
                      pass<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u56db\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff08CONDITION\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Condition\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u8005-\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Condition<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u8981\u4f7f\u7528Condition<\/code>\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aCondition<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u8c03\u7528wAI<\/a>t()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u540e\u8c03\u7528notify()<\/code>\u6216notify_all()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5524\u9192\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                import threading<\/p>\n
                condition = threading.Condition()<\/p>\n
                def consumer():<\/p>\n
                    with condition:<\/p>\n
                        condition.wait()<\/p>\n
                        # \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
                def producer():<\/p>\n
                    with condition:<\/p>\n
                        # \u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
                        condition.notify()<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u751f\u4ea7\u8005-\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  Condition<\/code>\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u8005-\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u751f\u4ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8d39\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  import threading<\/p>\n
                  import time<\/p>\n
                  condition = threading.Condition()<\/p>\n
                  buffer = []<\/p>\n
                  def consumer():<\/p>\n
                      while True:<\/p>\n
                          with condition:<\/p>\n
                              condition.wait()<\/p>\n
                              if buffer:<\/p>\n
                                  data = buffer.pop(0)<\/p>\n
                                  print(f"Consumed: {data}")<\/p>\n
                  def producer():<\/p>\n
                      while True:<\/p>\n
                          with condition:<\/p>\n
                              buffer.append(time.time())<\/p>\n
                              print("Produced data")<\/p>\n
                              condition.notify()<\/p>\n
                          time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
                  \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                  producer_thread = threading.Thread(target=producer)<\/p>\n
                  consumer_thread = threading.Thread(target=consumer)<\/p>\n
                  producer_thread.start()<\/p>\n
                  consumer_thread.start()<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u9501\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u52a0\u9501\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ecLock<\/code>\u3001RLock<\/code>\u3001Semaphore<\/code>\u548cCondition<\/code>\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540c\u6b65\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u907f\u514d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u6b7b\u9501\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u9501\u673a\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                   \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u6765\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\uff1f<\/strong>
                  \u5728Python\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684Lock<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9501\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528lock.acquire()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5f53\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u8c03\u7528lock.release()<\/code>\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4f7f\u7528with lock:<\/code>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u9501\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9501\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f55\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\uff1f<\/strong>
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