{"id":975681,"date":"2024-12-27T06:15:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:15:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/975681.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:15:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:15:23","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e7%aa%97%e5%8f%a3%e5%8f%a5%e6%9f%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/975681.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/24200816\/040c6981-38e6-4442-ab4f-e1bf04e6bfd3.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\u3001<code>pywinauto<\/code>\u5e93\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca<code>ctypes<\/code>\u5e93\u7684<code>windll<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u4e0eWindows API\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001PYGETWINDOW\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528PYGETWINDOW<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pygetwindow<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5e93\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pygetwindow as gw<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>windows = gw.getAllTitles()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u53e5\u67c4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for window in windows:<\/p>\n<p>    if window:<\/p>\n<p>        win = gw.getWindowsWithTitle(window)[0]<\/p>\n<p>        print(f&quot;\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898: {window}, \u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4: {win._hWnd}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528<code>getAllTitles()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7<code>getWindowsWithTitle()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001PYWINAUTO\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>pywinauto<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316Windows GUI\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528PYWINAUTO<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5<code>pywinauto<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pywinauto<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pywinauto<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from pywinauto import Desktop<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>windows = Desktop(backend=&quot;uia&quot;).windows()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u53e5\u67c4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for window in windows:<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898: {window.window_text()}, \u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4: {window.handle}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<code>Desktop<\/code>\u7c7b\u7684<code>windows()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7<code>window_text()<\/code>\u548c<code>handle<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\u548c\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CTYPES\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0eWindows API\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>ctypes<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8c03\u7528Windows API\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528CTYPES\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528<code>ctypes<\/code>\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import ctypes<\/p>\n<p>from ctypes import wintypes<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u9700\u7684Windows API\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>user32 = ctypes.WinDLL(&#39;user32&#39;, use_last_error=True)<\/p>\n<p>EnumWindows = user32.EnumWindows<\/p>\n<p>EnumWindows.restype = wintypes.BOOL<\/p>\n<p>EnumWindows.argtypes = [<\/p>\n<p>    wintypes.WNDENUMPROC,  # _In_ lpEnumFunc<\/p>\n<p>    wintypes.LPARAM,       # _In_ lParam<\/p>\n<p>]<\/p>\n<p>GetWindowText = user32.GetWindowTextW<\/p>\n<p>GetWindowTextLength = user32.GetWindowTextLengthW<\/p>\n<p>IsWindowVisible = user32.IsWindowVisible<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>def foreach_window(hwnd, lParam):<\/p>\n<p>    if IsWindowVisible(hwnd):<\/p>\n<p>        length = GetWindowTextLength(hwnd)<\/p>\n<p>        buff = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1)<\/p>\n<p>        GetWindowText(hwnd, buff, length + 1)<\/p>\n<p>        print(f&quot;\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898: {buff.value}, \u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4: {hwnd}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    return True<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8c03\u7528EnumWindows<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>EnumWindows(wintypes.WNDENUMPROC(foreach_window), 0)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7<code>EnumWindows<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>GetWindowText<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u6709\u9650\uff1b<code>pywinauto<\/code>\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b<code>ctypes<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0eWindows API\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u80cc\u666f\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u8861\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684Python\u5f00\u53d1\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\uff1a<code>pip install pygetwindow<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>pygetwindow.getActiveWindow()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u5176<code>_hWnd<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\u7684<code>getWindowsWithTitle<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898\u7684\u62fc\u5199\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u67e5\u627e\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u9664\u4e86<code>pygetwindow<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>ctypes<\/code>\u548c<code>pywin32<\/code>\u3002<code>ctypes<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528Windows API\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u800c<code>pywin32<\/code>\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u4e0eWindows\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528pygetwindow\u5e93\u3001pywinauto\u5e93\u3001\u4ee5\u53cactypes\u5e93\u7684w [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":975692,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975681"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=975681"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":975697,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975681\/revisions\/975697"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/975692"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=975681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=975681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=975681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}