{"id":980584,"date":"2024-12-27T06:55:40","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:55:40","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:55:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:55:43","slug":"python%e6%89%93%e5%bc%80%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%85%b3%e9%97%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/980584.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95ed\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5173\u95ed\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6548\u7387<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7PIL\u5e93\u7684Image\u6a21\u5757\u3001OpenCV\u5e93\u7684cv2\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4ee5\u53caMatplotlib\u5e93\u7684pyplot\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684Image\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PIL\uff08Python Imaging Library\uff09\u662fPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u3002PIL\u7684Image\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Image.open()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8c03\u7528close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528PIL\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528Image.open()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u56fe\u50cf\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
    \u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    img = Image.open('example.jpg')<\/p>\n
    \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    ...<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    img.close()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8c03\u7528close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u5757\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
      with Image.open('example.jpg') as img:<\/p>\n
          # \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
          pass<\/p>\n
      \u6b64\u65f6\u56fe\u7247\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684cv2\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      OpenCV\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cv2.destroyAllWindows()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u663e\u793a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u6253\u5f00\u548c\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528cv2.imread()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import cv2<\/p>\n
        \u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        img = cv2.imread('example.jpg')<\/p>\n
        \u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        cv2.imshow('Image', img)<\/p>\n
        cv2.wAI<\/a>tKey(0)  # \u7b49\u5f85\u6309\u952e<\/p>\n
        \u5173\u95ed\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        cv2.destroyAllWindows()<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5173\u95ed\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u60f3\u5173\u95ed\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cv2.destroyWindow()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import cv2<\/p>\n
          \u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          img = cv2.imread('example.jpg')<\/p>\n
          \u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          cv2.imshow('Image', img)<\/p>\n
          cv2.waitKey(0)  # \u7b49\u5f85\u6309\u952e<\/p>\n
          \u5173\u95ed\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          cv2.destroyWindow('Image')<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          OpenCV\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u91ca\u653e\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7a97\u53e3\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Matplotlib\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684pyplot\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          Matplotlib\u662fPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e93\uff0cpyplot\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eMATLAB\u7684\u7ed8\u56fe\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pyplot.imshow()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyplot.close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u6253\u5f00\u548c\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528Matplotlib\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import matplotlib.pyplot as plt<\/p>\n
            import matplotlib.image as mpimg<\/p>\n
            \u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            img = mpimg.imread('example.jpg')<\/p>\n
            plt.imshow(img)<\/p>\n
            plt.show()<\/p>\n
            \u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            plt.close()<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u5173\u95ed\u7279\u5b9a\u56fe\u5f62\u7a97\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5173\u95ed\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              import matplotlib.pyplot as plt<\/p>\n
              import matplotlib.image as mpimg<\/p>\n
              \u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              img = mpimg.imread('example.jpg')<\/p>\n
              fig = plt.figure()<\/p>\n
              plt.imshow(img)<\/p>\n
              plt.show()<\/p>\n
              \u5173\u95ed\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              plt.close(fig)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              Matplotlib\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u7a97\u53e3\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7ed8\u5236\u5927\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u65f6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u56db\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u5e93\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \u5728\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
                  try:<\/p>\n
                      with Image.open('example.jpg') as img:<\/p>\n
                          # \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
                          pass<\/p>\n
                  except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n
                      print("\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230")<\/p>\n
                  except Exception as e:<\/p>\n
                      print(f"\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    \u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u6279\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u662f\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u65f6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                       \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
                      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u5e93\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528close()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      from PIL import Image\n\n# \u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\nimg = Image.open('example.jpg')\n# \u5904\u7406\u56fe\u7247\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u663e\u793a\uff09\nimg.show()\n# \u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\nimg.close()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                      \u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u5904\u7406\u540e\u53ca\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u5728Python\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1f<\/strong>
                      \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileNotFoundError<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528try-except<\/code>\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      try:\n    img = Image.open('wrong_path.jpg')\nexcept FileNotFoundError:\n    print("\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                      \u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u524d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u5e93\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5e93\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong>
                      \u9664\u4e86Pillow\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u5982OpenCV\u548cMatplotlib\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u5728OpenCV\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528cv2.imshow()<\/code>\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7cv2.destroyAllWindows()<\/code>\u5173\u95ed\u663e\u793a\u7a97\u53e3\uff1b\u800c\u5728Matplotlib\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528plt.show()<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528plt.close()<\/code>\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      import cv2\n\nimg = cv2.imread('example.jpg')\ncv2.imshow('Image', img)\ncv2.waitKey(0)\ncv2.destroyAllWindows()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                      \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u5173\u95ed\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u9700\u53c2\u8003\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5173\u95ed\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7PIL […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":980595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/980584"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=980584"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/980584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":980597,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/980584\/revisions\/980597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/980595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=980584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=980584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=980584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}