{"id":987680,"date":"2024-12-27T07:55:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/987680.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T07:55:33","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:55:33","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/987680.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u3001API\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u5176\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5229\u7528Python\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\uff08\u5982requests\uff09\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\uff08\u5982BeautifulSoup\uff09\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Python\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    Python\u4e2d\u7684requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTTP\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import requests<\/p>\n
    url = 'https:\/\/www.example.com'<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
    html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728html_content\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u904d\u5386\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728soup\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      keyword = 'Python'<\/p>\n
      results = soup.find_all(string=lambda text: keyword in text)<\/p>\n
      for result in results:<\/p>\n
          print(result)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u6846\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u5e76\u70b9\u51fb\u641c\u7d22\u6309\u94ae\u3002Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
      from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys<\/p>\n
      driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
      driver.get('https:\/\/www.example.com')<\/p>\n
      search_box = driver.find_element_by_name('q')<\/p>\n
      search_box.send_keys('Python')<\/p>\n
      search_box.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)<\/p>\n
      results = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('\/\/div[@class="result"]')<\/p>\n
      for result in results:<\/p>\n
          print(result.text)<\/p>\n
      driver.quit()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u641c\u7d22\u6846\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6a21\u62df\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u6267\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u53d6\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u5904\u7406\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u5bf9\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u53bb\u9664HTML\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u53bb\u9664\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        clean_results = [result.text.strip() for result in results if result.text.strip()]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u9664\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u4e86\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001JSON\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import csv<\/p>\n
        with open('results.csv', mode='w') as file:<\/p>\n
            writer = csv.writer(file)<\/p>\n
            for result in clean_results:<\/p>\n
                writer.writerow([result])<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor<\/p>\n
          def fetch_content(url):<\/p>\n
              response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
              return response.text<\/p>\n
          urls = ['https:\/\/www.example1.com', 'https:\/\/www.example2.com']<\/p>\n
          with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:<\/p>\n
              contents = list(executor.map(fetch_content, urls))<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528ThreadPoolExecutor\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5e76\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42\u591a\u4e2aURL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u7f13\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f8\u540cURL\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u5e93\uff08\u5982cachetools\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from cachetools import cached, TTLCache<\/p>\n
          cache = TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=300)<\/p>\n
          @cached(cache)<\/p>\n
          def fetch_content(url):<\/p>\n
              response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
              return response.text<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528TTLCache\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e3a300\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf7\u6c42HTML\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            Selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b49\u5f85JavaScript\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWAI<\/a>t<\/p>\n
            from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC<\/p>\n
            from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n
            driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
            driver.get('https:\/\/www.example.com')<\/p>\n
            \u7b49\u5f85\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'dynamic-content')))<\/p>\n
            dynamic_content = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
            driver.quit()<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528WebDriverWait\u7b49\u5f85\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u4f7f\u7528\u5934\u90e8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5934\u90e8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08Headless Browser\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u754c\u9762\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()<\/p>\n
            options.add_argument('--headless')<\/p>\n
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e3a\u65e0\u754c\u9762\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u9075\u5faa\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u8303<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u8303\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u5c0a\u91cdrobots.txt<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86robots.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5141\u8bb8\u548c\u7981\u6b62\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c0a\u91cdrobots.txt\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              from urllib.robotparser import RobotFileParser<\/p>\n
              rp = RobotFileParser()<\/p>\n
              rp.set_url('https:\/\/www.example.com\/robots.txt')<\/p>\n
              rp.read()<\/p>\n
              if rp.can_fetch('*', url):<\/p>\n
                  response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528RobotFileParser\u89e3\u6790robots.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u6293\u53d6\u7279\u5b9aURL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5e94\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              import time<\/p>\n
              for url in urls:<\/p>\n
                  response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
                  time.sleep(2)  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u96942\u79d2<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e862\u79d2\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u5230\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u9075\u5faa\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5c06\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u60c5\u62a5\u6536\u96c6\u7b49\u3002\u638c\u63e1Python\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u641c\u7d22\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5e93\u5982requests<\/code>\u548cBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528selenium<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
              Python\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684API\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u8bb8\u591a\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u4f9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Google Custom Search API\u3001Bing Search API\u548cDuckDuckGo API\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u901a\u5e38\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7a0b\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u60a8\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5904\u7406\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Python\u4e2d\u7684json<\/code>\u5e93\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6807\u9898\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u6458\u8981\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u3001API\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u5176\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7f51 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":987687,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/987680"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=987680"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/987680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":987689,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/987680\/revisions\/987689"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/987687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=987680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=987680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=987680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}