{"id":990208,"date":"2024-12-27T08:18:14","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/990208.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T08:18:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:18:16","slug":"%e6%a0%88%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/990208.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6808\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217python"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u6808\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217python\"<\/p>\n

\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\uff08LIFO\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u961f\u5217\u5219\u662f\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\uff08FIFO\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7528\u4e8e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5165\u961f\u65f6\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u538b\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\uff0c\u51fa\u961f\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5f39\u51fa\u5e76\u538b\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\u5f39\u51fa\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u7279\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6808\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u6808\u7684\u201c\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7279\u6027\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u961f\u5217\u7684\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u79f0\u4e3astack_in<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u79f0\u4e3astack_out<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u538b\u5165stack_in<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6808\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u538b\u5165\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53stack_out<\/code>\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06stack_in<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u9010\u4e00\u5f39\u51fa\u5e76\u538b\u5165stack_out<\/code>\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6stack_out<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u5373\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u9700\u8981\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff08\u5373\u6700\u65e9\u5165\u961f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6808\u9876\uff09\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ecestack_out<\/code>\u5f39\u51fa\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8d23\u8c03\u6574\u987a\u5e8f\u5e76\u51fa\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001Python\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    class QueueUsingStacks:<\/p>\n
        def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
            self.stack_in = []<\/p>\n
            self.stack_out = []<\/p>\n
        def enqueue(self, item):<\/p>\n
            """\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c"""<\/p>\n
            self.stack_in.append(item)<\/p>\n
        def dequeue(self):<\/p>\n
            """\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c"""<\/p>\n
            if not self.stack_out:<\/p>\n
                while self.stack_in:<\/p>\n
                    self.stack_out.append(self.stack_in.pop())<\/p>\n
            if not self.stack_out:<\/p>\n
                rAI<\/a>se IndexError("dequeue from an empty queue")<\/p>\n
            return self.stack_out.pop()<\/p>\n
        def peek(self):<\/p>\n
            """\u67e5\u770b\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u5143\u7d20"""<\/p>\n
            if not self.stack_out:<\/p>\n
                while self.stack_in:<\/p>\n
                    self.stack_out.append(self.stack_in.pop())<\/p>\n
            if not self.stack_out:<\/p>\n
                raise IndexError("peek from an empty queue")<\/p>\n
            return self.stack_out[-1]<\/p>\n
        def is_empty(self):<\/p>\n
            """\u68c0\u67e5\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a"""<\/p>\n
            return not self.stack_in and not self.stack_out<\/p>\n
        def size(self):<\/p>\n
            """\u8fd4\u56de\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5927\u5c0f"""<\/p>\n
            return len(self.stack_in) + len(self.stack_out)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u538b\u5165\u6808\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5747\u644a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ecestack_in<\/code>\u5230stack_out<\/code>\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e3aO(n)\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u4e24\u6808\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ea\u4f1a\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u6808\u7684\u7279\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u961f\u5217\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u90fd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u7b80\u5355\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\uff0c\u4e14\u6808\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u9ad8\u6548<\/strong>\uff1a\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5747\u644a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u989d\u5916\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u4ecestack_in<\/code>\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230stack_out<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u79fb\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u961f\u5217\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u4e94\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u5e76\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u51cf\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7279\u6027\u4f18\u5316\u6808\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            3. \n
              \u589e\u5f3a\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u961f\u5217\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217\u3001\u9650\u65f6\u961f\u5217\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5176\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6808\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\uff08LIFO\uff09\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u961f\u5217\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\uff08FIFO\uff09\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u6808\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u989d\u5916\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7528\u4e8e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u961f\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u51fa\u961f\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u9010\u4e2a\u5f39\u51fa\u5e76\u538b\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6808\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u51fa\u961f\u987a\u5e8f\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
              class QueueUsingStacks:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.stack1 = []\n        self.stack2 = []\n\n    def enqueue(self, item):\n        self.stack1.append(item)\n\n    def dequeue(self):\n        if not self.stack2:\n            while self.stack1:\n                self.stack2.append(self.stack1.pop())\n        return self.stack2.pop() if self.stack2 else None\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>
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