{"id":992519,"date":"2024-12-27T08:38:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/992519.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T08:38:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:38:02","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92formhash%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/992519.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u5176\u5305\u542b\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u5728Web\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528formhash\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u5982requests\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u7406formhash\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6formhash\u503c\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u627e\u5230formhash\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5728HTML\u7684hidden\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u5982requests\u5c06formhash\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u83b7\u53d6formhash\u503c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cformhash\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6formhash\u503c\u3002Python\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982BeautifulSoup\u548clxml\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4eceHTML\u548cXML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u5bfc\u822a\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    html_content = '''<html><body><form><input type="hidden" name="formhash" value="abc123"><\/form><\/body><\/html>'''<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    formhash = soup.find('input', {'name': 'formhash'})['value']<\/p>\n
    print(formhash)  # \u8f93\u51fa: abc123<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aBeautifulSoup\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528find\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9aname\u5c5e\u6027\u7684input\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5176value\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528lxml\u89e3\u6790HTML<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      lxml\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406XML\u548cHTML\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4BeautifulSoup\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from lxml import etree<\/p>\n
      html_content = '''<html><body><form><input type="hidden" name="formhash" value="abc123"><\/form><\/body><\/html>'''<\/p>\n
      tree = etree.HTML(html_content)<\/p>\n
      formhash = tree.xpath('\/\/input[@name="formhash"]\/@value')[0]<\/p>\n
      print(formhash)  # \u8f93\u51fa: abc123<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u7684etree\u6a21\u5757\u89e3\u6790HTML\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528XPath\u67e5\u627eformhash\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86formhash\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0cformhash\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3aPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542bformhash\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      form_data = {<\/p>\n
          'formhash': formhash,<\/p>\n
          # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u8868\u5355\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
          'username': 'myusername',<\/p>\n
          'password': 'mypassword'<\/p>\n
      }<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0crequests\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001\u5305\u542bformhash\u7684POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import requests<\/p>\n
      url = 'http:\/\/example.com\/login'<\/p>\n
      response = requests.post(url, data=form_data)<\/p>\n
      \u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
          print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f')<\/p>\n
      else:<\/p>\n
          print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25')<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.post\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u4e2ddata\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u542b\u6211\u4eec\u7684form_data\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
            print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f')<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801:', response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eJSON\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528response.json()\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          response_data = response.json()<\/p>\n
          print(response_data)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u5728\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u3001DNS\u89e3\u6790\u5931\u8d25\u7b49\u3002requests\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            try:<\/p>\n
                response = requests.post(url, data=form_data, timeout=10)<\/p>\n
                response.rAI<\/a>se_for_status()  # \u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n
            except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
                print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38:', e)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4e94\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u5904\u7406formhash\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u9700\u8981\u7262\u8bb0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aformhash\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62CSRF\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012formhash\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u52a8\u6001\u83b7\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210formhash\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u83b7\u53d6formhash\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            3. \n
              \u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cformhash\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528formhash\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            4. \n
              \u66f4\u65b0\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u89e3\u6790formhash\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cinput\u6807\u7b7e\u7684name\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f20\u9012formhash\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981formhash\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u89e3\u6790HTML\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd8\u662f\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u65e2\u9ad8\u6548\u53c8\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u7684formhash\u53c2\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\uff0cformhash\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6216Django\u7b49\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406formhash\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u5305\u542bformhash\u503c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684formhash\u503c\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\u751f\u6210formhash\u503c\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u751f\u6210formhash\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u6765\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u7684formhash\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684hashlib<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u751f\u6210formhash\u65f6\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76d0\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u4f55\u5728Flask\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1formhash\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
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