{"id":995234,"date":"2024-12-27T09:03:09","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/995234.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T09:03:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:03:12","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e7%aa%97%e5%8f%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/995234.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684API\u8fdb\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5e93\u6355\u83b7\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfAPI\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Windows API<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pywin32<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u8c03\u7528Windows API\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002pywin32<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9Windows\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfAPI\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a97\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import win32gui<\/p>\n
    def enum_windows_callback(hwnd, windows):<\/p>\n
        if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):<\/p>\n
            windows.append((hwnd, win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)))<\/p>\n
    def get_windows():<\/p>\n
        windows = []<\/p>\n
        win32gui.EnumWindows(enum_windows_callback, windows)<\/p>\n
        return windows<\/p>\n
    if __name__ == "__mAI<\/a>n__":<\/p>\n
        for hwnd, title in get_windows():<\/p>\n
            print(f"Window Handle: {hwnd}, Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cEnumWindows<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570enum_windows_callback<\/code>\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u7a97\u53e3\u53e5\u67c4\u548c\u6807\u9898\u4fe1\u606f\u3002IsWindowVisible<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7a97\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. Linux\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528wmctrl<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u89e3\u6790\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import subprocess<\/p>\n
      def get_linux_windows():<\/p>\n
          result = subprocess.run(['wmctrl', '-l'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)<\/p>\n
          windows = result.stdout.decode('utf-8').split('\\n')<\/p>\n
          return windows<\/p>\n
      if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
          for window in get_linux_windows():<\/p>\n
              print(window)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      wmctrl<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7a97\u53e3ID\u3001\u684c\u9762\u53f7\u3001PID\u548c\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. Tkinter\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2aTkinter\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6Tkinter\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002Tkinter\u662fPython\u7684\u6807\u51c6GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import tkinter as tk<\/p>\n
        root = tk.Tk()<\/p>\n
        root.title("Sample Window")<\/p>\n
        def get_window_info(window):<\/p>\n
            print(f"Title: {window.title()}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"Geometry: {window.geometry()}")<\/p>\n
        get_window_info(root)<\/p>\n
        root.mainloop()<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        title()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0cgeometry()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. pygetwindow\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          pygetwindow<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301Windows\u3001macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import pygetwindow as gw<\/p>\n
          def get_all_windows():<\/p>\n
              windows = gw.getAllTitles()<\/p>\n
              return windows<\/p>\n
          if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
              windows = get_all_windows()<\/p>\n
              for title in windows:<\/p>\n
                  if title:<\/p>\n
                      print(f"Window Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          getAllTitles()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5404\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. PyQt\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            PyQt\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728PyQt\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7a97\u53e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            from PyQt5 import QtWidgets<\/p>\n
            import sys<\/p>\n
            app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)<\/p>\n
            window = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()<\/p>\n
            window.setWindowTitle('Sample PyQt Window')<\/p>\n
            window.show()<\/p>\n
            def get_window_info(window):<\/p>\n
                print(f"Title: {window.windowTitle()}")<\/p>\n
                print(f"Geometry: {window.geometry()}")<\/p>\n
            get_window_info(window)<\/p>\n
            sys.exit(app.exec_())<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            windowTitle()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0cgeometry()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u56db\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u754c\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5feb\u901f\u5207\u6362\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfAPI\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u5e93\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u8c03\u7528\u7a97\u53e3API\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                   \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/strong>
                  \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4pip install pygetwindow<\/code>\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u6807\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pygetwindow.getAllTitles()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7pygetwindow.getActiveWindow()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f<\/strong>
                  \u4f7f\u7528pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528pygetwindow.getWindowsWithTitle('\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898')<\/code>\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u9898\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f<\/strong>
                  \u901a\u8fc7pygetwindow<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u63a7\u5236\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528resize(width, height)<\/code>\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528moveTo(x, y)<\/code>\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684API\u8fdb\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5e93\u6355\u83b7\u7a97\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":995243,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995234"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=995234"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":995248,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995234\/revisions\/995248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/995243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=995234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=995234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=995234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}