{"id":995809,"date":"2024-12-27T09:07:56","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:07:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/995809.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T09:07:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:07:58","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/995809.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\"<\/p>\n

Python\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u3001os.system\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9aAPI\u8c03\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SUBPROCESS\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5176\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\/\u9519\u8bef\u7ba1\u9053\u4ee5\u53ca\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528subprocess.run()\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5bf9subprocess.call()\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684ls\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import subprocess<\/p>\n
    result = subprocess.run(['ls', '-l'], capture_output=True, text=True)<\/p>\n
    print(result.stdout)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0ccapture_output=True<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6355\u83b7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800ctext=True<\/code>\u5219\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess.Popen\u7c7b\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import subprocess<\/p>\n
    process = subprocess.Popen(['python3', 'script.py'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)<\/p>\n
    output, errors = process.communicate(input='your_input_here')<\/p>\n
    print(output)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0ccommunicate<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OS.SYSTEM\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    os.system\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6267\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u7b80\u5355\u8c03\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import os<\/p>\n
      os.system('ls -l')<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0csubprocess\u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u4e92<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7ctypes\u6216cffi\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7JPype\u4e0eJava\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u8c03\u7528C\u8bed\u8a00\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528ctypes\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684C\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import ctypes<\/p>\n
        libc = ctypes.CDLL("libc.so.6")<\/p>\n
        print(libc.printf(b"Hello from C\\n"))<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86C\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684printf\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9aAPI\u8c03\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6709\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86API\u6216SDK\uff0cPython\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u8c03\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Python\u7684\u5b98\u65b9API\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import mysql.connector<\/p>\n
          cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user='yourusername', password='yourpassword', host='localhost', database='yourdatabase')<\/p>\n
          cursor = cnx.cursor()<\/p>\n
          cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM yourtable")<\/p>\n
          for row in cursor:<\/p>\n
              print(row)<\/p>\n
          cnx.close()<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cPython\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0eMySQL\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          • subprocess\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n
          • os.system<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u7279\u5b9aAPI\/SDK<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b98\u65b9API\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4f7f\u7528subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528shell=True\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u547d\u4ee4\u6ce8\u5165\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4f7f\u7528subprocess.run()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            import subprocess\n\nresult = subprocess.run(['ls', '-l'], capture_output=True, text=True)\nprint(result.stdout)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cls -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u901a\u8fc7subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4f7f\u7528subprocess.Popen()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7stdin<\/code>, stdout<\/code>, \u548c stderr<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            process = subprocess.Popen(['grep', 'test'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)\noutput, errors = process.communicate(input='test line\\nanother line\\n')\nprint(output)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9grep<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002subprocess.run()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86check=True<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u96f6\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51faCalledProcessError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7try<\/code>\u548cexcept<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            try:\n    subprocess.run(['false'], check=True)\nexcept subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:\n    print(f"\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801: {e.returncode}")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u3001os.system\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u63a5 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":995814,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995809"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=995809"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":995815,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/995809\/revisions\/995815"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/995814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=995809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=995809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=995809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}