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Drones Over New Jersey?

Former Governor Larry Hogan (R) of Maryland indignantly posted a video of what he thought was a drone swarm on Twitter and insisted that the federal government was not doing enough to protect citizens from this menace.

But his “drone swarm” was the constellation Orion, which has three stars in the hunter’s belt, conveniently in formation. Orion is the first constellation I learned to recognize, very noticeable in the winter sky.

Most people don’t look at the sky. They don’t know what airplanes look like up there, particularly at night, and they don’t know what the stars and planets look like. They can’t estimate distance – which is tricky in the sky – and they aren’t aware of how things can seem to move. They aren’t aware of how to check if those objects in fact are moving.

There probably are some asshole drone owners who are adding to the confusion, more as the phenomena get more publicity.

A few people have waved lasers at the lights in the sky. DON’T POINT LASERS AT THE LIGHTS! Lasers can blind a pilot, and the aircraft that people are mistaking are likely to be trying to land, a particularly bad time for the pilot to be blinded. Also, DON’T SHOOT AT THE LIGHTS!

Here’s a video of what a laser looks like to a pilot, h/t Austin at Bluesky. Since there have been reports of eye damage to pilots, I’m guessing that it’s much worse than this. It’s hard to photograph lasers.

Shooting and pointing lasers are illegal. It’s easy to track the lasers down. DON’T DO IT!

Cross-posted to Lawyers, Guns & Money

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SpaceX Doesn’t Do Safety

Elon Musk is hardly a fan of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and its regulations. Reuters investigated the extent of his non-fanhood. It’s horrifying.

There is a certain strain of masculine posturing that the has no need of safety regulations. Or that the posturer’s mission is so urgent and important that details like safety can be ignored. It can be exhilirating. Until you die. I’m sure that Harry Daghlian and Louis Slotin thought they were cool, the way they handled that screwdriver.

That posturing can suck in those who don’t know. Not all safety regs are obvious unless people have given that area a lot of thought. If they don’t, they die or are maimed.

Elon Musk thinks of himself as a cool guy with an urgent mission to colonize Mars. The United States government, under Republican pressure, has outsourced a big chunk of its space program to his company SpaceX.

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PSA: Uranium Glass

Apparently collecting uranium glass is currently A Thing. In a discussion on Bluesky last week, someone offered up this Washington Post article from a year ago. It’s got some problems.

Uranium glass and older orange Fiestaware use uranium as a colorant. The glass fluoresces under ultraviolet light. They’re safe to keep in your china cabinet, as I do, but less so for eating from. The danger is not their radioactivity, but rather uranium’s properties as a heavy metal that will damage kidneys and other organs. Oh, and the fluorescence has nothing to do with uranium’s radioactivity.

The Washington Post article is a trove of misinformation from a person who clearly does not understand what she is writing about. It’s bad enough that I’m going to deconstruct it in detail.

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Software Safety

If you supervise people moving quantities of soil and debris with big machines, or people doing things with plutonium in glove boxes, questions of safety quickly become important.

Software developers have been much less aware of safety issues. What can go wrong besides lacking an ergonomic chair?

Social media sites and “AI” development are beginning to highlight safety in software. I’d like to throw out a simple principle that the software people might like to think about.

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The Ohio Train Derailment

On February 3, a Norfolk Southern train carrying hazardous materials derailed near the town of East Palestine, Ohio. Fifty cars derailed, ten of which carried hazardous chemicals. Federal investigators say a mechanical issue with a rail car axle caused the derailment.

A fire broke out in the rail cars, residents were evacuated, and the material in some of the cars was drained and set on fire. Draining the material prevented a BLEVE, a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion, which is what happens when tanks of liquid are heated in a fire. A breach in a hot tank like this releases both chemical energy when the liquid explodes and the heat energy as the liquid flashes instantly into a gas. These explosions are extremely powerful.

But then they had to do something with the liquid, so they burned it, producing a thick black cloud of smoke.

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What Went Wrong

On June 30, the Los Angeles Police Department detonated fireworks in a containment vessel mounted on a vehicle. The resulting blast damaged cars and houses and injured people. Sahra Sulaiman has been covering the blast and subsequent events. She has summarized the events around the blast.

I’m always intrigued by reports of explosives gone wrong. I worked with scientists in the explosives division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, in their laboratories, on a chemistry project that did not involve explosives. In order to do that, I had to have training on explosives safety. Additionally, because people who decide to make their career in explosives love explosions, I was invited to observe a number of explosions.

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