{"id":2140,"date":"2020-01-03T09:16:42","date_gmt":"2020-01-03T09:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.askpython.com\/?p=2140"},"modified":"2022-08-06T13:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-08-06T13:09:32","slug":"python-pendulum-module","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.askpython.com\/python-modules\/python-pendulum-module","title":{"rendered":"Python Pendulum Module"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Python’s pendulum module<\/strong><\/code> enables date\/time conversions and manipulations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It helps the user to work easily with date\/time formats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This module enables and provides all the functionalities provided by the pytz<\/strong> module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Installation of pendulum module through the command-line:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Pendulum
Pendulum Module Installation<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Importing pendulum module:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

import pendulum<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Display the current time<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The now()<\/strong><\/code> method is used to display the current date-time of a particular zone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\ntime = pendulum.now()  \nprint(time)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
2020-01-03T10:46:59.049040+05:30<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
The timezone objects<\/strong><\/code> along with the datetime.now()<\/strong><\/code> function is used to avail the current timestamp of different time-zones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n
\nfrom datetime import datetime\nimport pendulum\n\nutc_time = pendulum.timezone('UTC')\npst_time = pendulum.timezone('America\/Los_Angeles')\nist_time = pendulum.timezone('Asia\/Calcutta')\n\n\nprint('Date Time in UTC =', datetime.now(utc_time))\nprint('Date Time in PST =', datetime.now(pst_time))\nprint('Date Time in IST =', datetime.now(ist_time))\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Output
Output-Timezone<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Replacing the datetime module by pendulum module<\/h2>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\n\nutc = pendulum.now('UTC')\n\nprint('Date Time in UTC =', utc)\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Date Time in UTC = 2020-01-03T05:28:43.853647+00:00<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Conversion of time-zones<\/h2>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\nutc = pendulum.now('UTC')\nist = utc.in_timezone('Asia\/Calcutta')\n\nprint('Date Time in IST =', ist)\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Date Time in IST = 2020-01-03T11:05:20.756743+05:30
<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Date-time manipulations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The pendulum module provides add(<\/strong>)<\/code> and subtract()<\/strong><\/code> functions to manipulate the date and times in terms of year\/month\/hour and hour\/minute\/second.<\/p>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\n\nd_t = pendulum.datetime(2020, 2, 29)\nd_t.to_datetime_string()\nprint(d_t)\n\ndt_add = d_t.add(years=5)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(months=5)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(days=2)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(weeks=5)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(hours=5)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(minutes=5)\nprint(dt_add)\ndt_add = d_t.add(seconds=5)\nprint(dt_add)\n\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(years=1)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(months=5)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(days=2)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(weeks=5)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(hours=5)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(minutes=5)\nprint(dt_sub)\ndt_sub = d_t.subtract(seconds=5)\nprint(dt_sub)\n\n\n\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Output
Output-Datetime Manipulations<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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delta() function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The delta()<\/strong><\/code> function provides the difference between the two timestamps.<\/p>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\n\nd_t1 = pendulum.datetime(2020, 2, 20)\nd_t1.to_datetime_string()\nprint(d_t1)\nd_t2 = pendulum.datetime(2020, 2, 10)\nd_t2.to_datetime_string()\nprint(d_t2)\n\ndelta = d_t1 - d_t2\n\nprint(delta.start)  \nprint(delta.end)   \n\nprint(delta.in_days())      # 10\nprint(delta.in_hours())     # 240\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Output
Output Delta Function<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Formatting date-time<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The strftime()<\/strong><\/code> function enables the user to format the date-time in our own format.<\/p>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\n\nutc = pendulum.now('UTC')\n\nprint(utc .to_iso8601_string())\nprint(utc .to_formatted_date_string())\nprint(utc .to_w3c_string())\nprint(utc .to_date_string())\n\n# supports strftime() too\nprint(utc .strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z%z'))\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
2020-01-03T07:17:28.650601Z\nJan 03, 2020\n2020-01-03T07:17:28+00:00\n2020-01-03\n2020-01-03 07:17:28 UTC+0000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Comparison of Dates<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Simple comparison of time-zones<\/strong><\/code> is offered by the pendulum module.<\/p>\n\n\n
\nimport pendulum\n\nfirst = pendulum.datetime(2012, 9, 5, 23, 26, 11, 0, tz='America\/Toronto')\nsecond = pendulum.datetime(2019, 9, 5, 20, 26, 11, 0, tz='America\/Vancouver')\n\nfirst.to_datetime_string()\n\nprint(first.timezone_name)\n\nsecond.to_datetime_string()\n\nprint(second.timezone_name)\n\nprint(first == second)\n\nprint(first != second)\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
America\/Toronto\nAmerica\/Vancouver\nFalse\nTrue<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Thus, in this article, we have understood the functionalities offered by the pendulum module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n