{"id":9124,"date":"2021-02-10T09:08:30","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T03:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/?p=9124"},"modified":"2021-07-03T11:54:21","modified_gmt":"2021-07-03T06:24:21","slug":"python-getopt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/","title":{"rendered":"Python getopt Module: A &#8211; Z Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hello geeks and welcome in this article, we will cover&nbsp;<strong>python getopt<\/strong>. Along with that, for an overall better understanding, we will look at its<strong>&nbsp;syntax and parameter<\/strong>. Then we will see a couple of examples to understand the topic better. But at first, let us try to get a brief understanding of the function through its definition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like <strong>NumPy<\/strong> and <strong>Matplotlib<\/strong>, <strong>getopt<\/strong> is also a <strong>module<\/strong> of python. This module is very similar to the getopt function of the C language. This function is used for<strong> parsing command line parameters<\/strong>. The Python getopt function&#8217;s primary function is to parse command-line options and parameter lists. As we move ahead in this article, things will become a lot clearer. In the next section, we will look at the syntax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #990303;color:#990303\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #990303;color:#990303\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Syntax\" >Syntax<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Parameters\" >Parameters<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#How_to_install_Python_getopt\" >How to install Python getopt?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Python_getopt_Examples\" >Python getopt Examples<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#getopt_Multiple_arguments\" >getopt Multiple arguments<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Difference_between_getopt_vs_argparse\" >Difference between getopt vs argparse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Also_Read\" >Also Read<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-syntax\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syntax\"><\/span>Syntax<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>getopt.getopt()<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the general syntax for our function. Now let us look at the various parameters associated with it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-parameters\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Parameters\"><\/span>Parameters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:22px\">1. args:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This parameter represents the type of arguments to be passed through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:22px\">2. options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This parameter represents the string of option letters that the script wants to recognize.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:23px\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport getopt\n\nprint getopt.getopt(&#x5B;'-a', '-bval', '-c', 'val'], 'ab:c:')\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:22px\">3. Long_options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This parameter represents a list of string with the name of long options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:23px\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport getopt\n\nprint getopt.getopt(&#x5B; '--noarg', '--witharg', 'val', '--witharg2=another' ],\n                    '',\n                    &#x5B; 'noarg', 'witharg=', 'witharg2=' ])\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:23px\"><strong>Return Type:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On completion of the program, it returns the value consisting of 2 elements. The first type is the list of pairs. Whereas the second is the list of program arguments left after the option is was removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-install-python-getopt\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_install_Python_getopt\"><\/span>How to install Python getopt?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no need to install the getopt module externally. It&#8217;s an inbuilt module that is pre-included in Python along with it. Just like any other inbuilt module, you can use it by &#8211; <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport getopt\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-python-getopt-examples\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Python_getopt_Examples\"><\/span>Python getopt Examples<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now we are done with all the theory part. We have covered its syntax and parameters in detail. It\u2019s time to discuss various examples that will help understand the topic better. Let us start with an elementary level example, and as we move ahead, we will gradually increase the level of example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-country-name\">1. Country Name<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport sys\nimport getopt\n\n\ndef country_name():\n    state_name = None\n    country_name = None\n\n    argv = sys.argv&#x5B;1:]\n\n    try:\n        opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, &quot;f:l:&quot;)\n\n    except:\n        print(&quot;Error&quot;)\n\n    for opt, arg in opts:\n        if opt in &#x5B;'-f']:\n            state_name = arg\n        elif opt in &#x5B;'-l']:\n            country_name = arg\n\n    print(&quot;{0}{1}&quot;.format(state_name, country_name))\n\n\ncountry_name()\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"178\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494-1024x178.png\" alt=\"Python getopt\" class=\"wp-image-9125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494-1024x178.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494-300x52.png 300w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494-768x133.png 768w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494-1536x267.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-494.png 1830w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>From this particular example, our goal is to print out state and country by taking input from the user in the command line. To do so, first, we need to import 2 modules, namely sys and getopt. After this, I have defined a function and name it as country name. Later on, we have used a For loop and print statement to get the desired output. In this case, if you don&#8217;t input the values in the terminal, it will return None None as output.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-date-and-month\">2. Date and month<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport sys\nimport getopt\n\n\ndef date_month():\n    start_date = None\n    start_month = None\n\n\n    \n    argv = sys.argv&#x5B;1:]\n\n    try:\n        opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, &quot;s:e:&quot;, &#x5B;&quot;start_date=&quot;, &quot;start_month=&quot;])\n    except getopt.GetoptError as err:\n        print(err)  \n\n    for opt, arg in opts:\n        if opt in &#x5B;&quot;-s&quot;, &quot;--start_date&quot;]:\n            start_date = arg\n        elif opt in &#x5B;&quot;-e&quot;, &quot;--start_month&quot;]:\n            start_month = arg\n\n    print('start_date: {}'.format(start_date))\n    print('start_month: {}'.format(start_month))\n\n\ndate_month()\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496-1024x185.png\" alt=\"getopt Python\" class=\"wp-image-9126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496-1024x185.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496-300x54.png 300w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496-768x139.png 768w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496-1536x277.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Screenshot-496.png 1840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A similar example of what we have already discussed above. The goal of this function is to program is to print out the date and month. The whole procedure is similar to what we followed in the first example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-python-getopt-long-options\">Python getopt long options<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Long options are the set of arguments that are used in the &#8216;&#8211;option=&#8217; format. These options are usually optional arguments. To use long options you have to specify an empty string in the getopt() parameters. This is forces the code to only accept long options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Code<\/strong> (test.py):<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nimport sys\nimport getopt\n\nargv = sys.argv&#x5B;1:]\n\ntry:\n    opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, &quot;&quot;, &#x5B;&quot;option=&quot;])\nexcept getopt.GetoptError as err:\n    print(err)  \n\nfor opt, arg in opts:\n    print(opt, arg)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Terminal<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npython .\\test.py --option=hello\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Output<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n--option hello\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-getopt-multiple-arguments\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"getopt_Multiple_arguments\"><\/span>getopt Multiple arguments<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This function, in particular, takes 3 arguments. The first argument is the sequence of arguments to be parsed. Followed by this, the second argument takes is the option definition string for the single-character option. Then the 3rd  argument takes the long option names. Long type options can be more than just a single character. If the long option name requires an argument, its name should have a suffix of &#8220;=. suffix&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-difference-between-getopt-vs-argparse\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Difference_between_getopt_vs_argparse\"><\/span>Difference between getopt vs argparse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this section, we will discuss the fundamental difference between these 2 Python modules. Both of the Python modules are used to parse the command-line argument. As we have already discussed, getopt in detail now let us try to get a brief understanding of the argparse. As discussed earlier, both the modules have the same function. But it recommended using over the getopt module. The reason being it is less complicated. Also, it requires fewer lines of code to execute the same program when compared to getopt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-also-read\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Also_Read\"><\/span>Also Read<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/best-career-options-with-python\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Best 8 Career Option With Python To Earn Massive<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-map-function\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Python map Function Explanation and Examples<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-multiple-constructors\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ways to Achieve Multiple Constructors in Python<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-dateutil\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Python dateutil Module: Explanation and Examples<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This article covers <strong>Python getopt<\/strong>. Besides that, we have also looked at its syntax and parameters. For better understanding, we looked at a couple of examples. We varied the syntax and looked at the output for each case. In the end, we can conclude that Python getopt is a function primary job is to parse the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Command-line_interface\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">command-line <\/a>option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I hope this article was able to clear all doubts. But in case you have any unsolved queries feel free to write them below in the comment section. Done reading this; why not read about <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/matplotlib-font\/\">Matplotlib Font next.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello geeks and welcome in this article, we will cover&nbsp;python getopt. Along with that, for an overall better understanding, we will look at its&nbsp;syntax and &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Python getopt Module: A &#8211; Z Guide\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pythonpool.com\/python-getopt\/#more-9124\" aria-label=\"More on Python getopt Module: A &#8211; Z Guide\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":9186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[3598,3600,3603,3599,3601,3602],"class_list":["post-9124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials","tag-getopt-python","tag-python-getopt-example","tag-python-getopt-examples","tag-python-getopt-getopt","tag-python-getopt-long-options-explained","tag-python-getopt-tutorial","infinite-scroll-item"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v25.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Python getopt Module: A - Z Guide - Python Pool<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hello geeks and welcome in this article, we will cover python getopt. 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