Welcome to the Grand Comics Database!

The Grand Comics Database (GCD) is a nonprofit, internet-based organization of international volunteers dedicated to building an open database covering all printed comics throughout the world.

Give our search a try, use my.comics.org to track and manage your comic collection, or look how you can contribute.

GCD Comics Timeline
????? October 22

Busch worked in support as a colorist for DC, from 1988 to 1996, and for Marvel in 1989 and in 1992. Robbie also worked in support as a colorist for Dark Horse, during 1993.

For DC, he also did cover pencils and inks, from 1990 to 1991, story pencils and inks, from 1996 to 1998, and script work from 1997 to 1998 and 2001 to 2009. Busch did script, pencils, inks, and maybe lettering work for Dark Horse, from 1994 to 1995.

1882 October 22 - 1945 October 19

Newell Convers Wyeth, known as N. C. Wyeth, was an American artist and illustrator. He illustrated 112 books, and is best known for the Scribner Classics. He was the pupil of artist Howard Pyle and became one of America's greatest illustrators. He is the father of Andrew Wyeth and the grandfather of Jamie Wyeth, both well-known American painters.

1955 October 21

Geof Darrow is an American comic book artist, best known for his work on comic series Shaolin Cowboy, Hard Boiled and The Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot, which was adapted into an animated television series of the same name. He worked as a concept artist and storyboarder for The Matrix series of films.

1904 October 21 - 1977 February 1

Edmond Hamilton was an American science fiction writer known for his space adventures, planetary romances and contributions to comic books. He began his professional writing career in 1926 with the short story "The Monster-God of Mamurth," published in Weird Tales. He became a prominent contributor to pulp science fiction magazines and helped develop the space opera genre, featuring large-scale interplanetary and interstellar adventures. Hamilton wrote most of the original Captain Future pulp stories, beginning in 1940. The series follows Curtis Newton, a scientist and adventurer who travels through the solar system to solve problems and confront threats. Hamilton also wrote novels including "The Star Kings" and "City at World’s End." From the 1940s through the 1960s, he wrote comic book stories for DC, including stories featuring Superman (English), Batman (English) and Legion of Super-Heroes (English).

1923 October 21 - 2002 March 28

Richard G. Kraus, who has been credited in his career as a writer and editor as Dick Kraus, Richard Kraus, Dick Krause, and Richard Krause, worked in comic books from about 1944 to about 1956.

Kraus worked as an editor for Fawcett from about 1944 to about 1946. Most of his writing credits were for text stories, which he wrote for Fawcett from 1946 to 1953; Charlton from 1954 to 1956; and text stories for Parent's Magazine in 1946 and Toby in 1954. He also wrote two text stories and two Moon Girl stories (known) for EC in 1949.

The remainder of Kraus career and passions involved teaching and folk dancing, details in a biography found here:
Social Folk Dance: http://www.socalfolkdance.org/master_teachers/kraus_r.htm

He became known as one of the nation's best square dancers. Among his known honors include the President's Commission on Americans Outdoors in 1985 and in 1986, he won the National Literary Award from the National Recreation and Parks Association.

Kraus maintained membership in the Unitarian Society of Germantown and the Germantown Country Dancers.

1956 October 21

Paul Levitz is an American comic book writer, editor and executive. The president of DC from 2002 to 2009, he worked for the company for over 35 years in a wide variety of roles.

In December 1972, editor Joe Orlando gave Levitz his first freelance work, initially writing text pages and letter pages, and later working as a per diem assistant editor before writing stories. After serving as Joe Orlando's assistant editor, in 1976 Levitz became the editor of Adventure Comics (DC, 1938 series). In 1978, he succeeded Julius Schwartz as the editor of the Batman line of comics.

As a writer, Levitz is best known for his work on the Legion of Super-Heroes (English), which he wrote from 1977–1979 and 1981–1989, including the relaunch Legion of Super-Heroes (DC, 1984 series). With artist Steve Ditko (b. 1927), Levitz co-created the characters Stalker and the Prince Gavyn version of Starman. He wrote the Justice Society series in All-Star Comics (DC, 1976 series) during the late 1970s and co-created the Earth-2 The Huntress [Helena Wayne] with artist Joe Staton (b. 1948).

Levitz work on management level for DC Comic includes executive coordinator, from 1977 to 1979; business manager and manager of business affairs, from 1980 to 1982; vice president operations, from 1982 to 1984; executive vice president and publisher, from 1984 to 2002; and president and publisher, from 2002 to 2009. He focused on the management work from 1990 on. Along with publisher Jenette Kahn and managing editor Dick Giordano, Levitz was responsible for hiring such writers as Marv Wolfman and Alan Moore, artists such as George Pérez, Keith Giffen, and John Byrne, and editor Karen Berger, who contributed to the 1980s revitalization of the company's line of comic book heroes.

In 2006, Levitz returned to writing the Justice Society with issue JSA (DC, 1999 series) #82, completing that volume before writer Geoff Johns' relaunch. In 2009 Levitz stepped down as president and publisher of DC. He worked on 75 Years of DC Comics: The Art of Modern Mythmaking (Taschen, 2010 series) and became the writer of both Adventure Comics (DC, 2009 series) and Legion of Super-Heroes (DC, 2010 series), followed by longer runs on Worlds' Finest (DC, 2012 series) and Doctor Fate (DC, 2015 series). He also wrote Will Eisner: Champion of the Graphic Novel (Harry N. Abrams, 2015 series), an illustrated biography/art book on Eisner’s work. His only work for Marvel is The Avengers: War Across Time (Marvel, 2023 series).

Syndication work:
World's Greatest Super-heroes daily and Sunday (Chicago Tribune-New York News Syndicate, 1978 series), writer, from 1979 to 1981.

1878 October 21 - 1956 July 17

Mager was the son of German immigrants, and comics sent to his parents by their European relatives prompted his interest in cartooning. He began drawing sports cartoons which he sold to newspapers. By the age of 20, he already had a following when he expanded his repertoire to include clownish animals, and his cartoons soon appeared daily as In Jungle Land, or occasionally, In Jungle Society.

In 1904, he created the first of his successful Monk comic strips featuring monkey-like characters. Knocko the Monk was soon followed by new figures such as Rhymo the Monk, Mufti the Monk, Freshy the Monk, Henpecko the Monk, Groucho the Monk and the most popular, Sherlocko the Monk.

In 1913, Mager humanized Sherlocko into his Hawkshaw the Detective strip, which appeared in The New York World. During the 1920s, Mager worked as an assistant on Rudolph Dirks' Captain and the Kids. Other comics by Mager included And Then Papa Came (1904), Main Street, Oliver's Adventures (1926), Obliging Otto (1913) and Millionbucks (1913). Mager continued Sherlocko and Hawkshaw until his retirement in the late 1940s.

Mager's paintings are in many collections, including the Whitney Museum and the Newark Museum of Art. He was widely exhibited during his lifetime, showing at the Whitney, the Corcoran Gallery of Art and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. He was a member of the Salon of Independent Artists and the Salons of America.

Mager died of a heart attack.

1966 October 21

Rags Morales is an American comic book artist.

Morales' first professional work was Forgotten Realms Comic Book (DC, 1989 series). Following that, Morales co-created with Brian Augustyn (b. 1954) and pencilled Black Condor (DC, 1992 series). Morales left DC to do work for Valiant, including Turok, Dinosaur Hunter (Acclaim / Valiant, 1993 series), Geomancer (Acclaim / Valiant, 1994 series) and covers.

In 1999, Morales was made the penciler on DC's Hourman (DC, 1999 series). Later he moved onto Hawkman (DC, 2002 series) with writer Geoff Johns (b. 1973). It was also on Hawkman that he first worked with inker Michael Bair, with whom he has worked on most of his projects since. After Hawkman, Morales illustrated Brad Meltzer's limited series Identity Crisis (DC, 2004 series).

Morales and Bair worked on Nightwing (DC, 1996 series) during Peter Tomasi's run as writer on that title.
In June 2011, as part of DC Comics' massive relaunch of their entire superhero line, Morales became the artist on the new Action Comics (DC, 2011 series) teaming with writer Grant Morrison (b. 1960). Most recently, he worked on Order & Outrage (Dark Horse, 2023 series) with Jim Starlin (b. 1949).

1920 October 20 - 2013 November 3

Nick Cardy was an American comics artist best known for his DC work on Aquaman, the Teen Titans and other major characters.

Cardy entered the comics field working for the Eisner and Iger Studio (b. 1936). Joining the studio circa 1940, he worked mainly on Fight Comics (Fiction House, 1940 series), Jungle Comics (Fiction House, 1940 series), and National Comics (Quality Comics, 1940 series). He wrote and drew the four-page backup feature Lady Luck (English) in The Spirit (Register and Tribune Syndicate, 1940 series) for 9 months. Cardy did World War II military service from 1943 to 1945.

In 1950, Cardy began his decades-long association with DC, starting with the comic book Gang Busters (DC, 1947 series). He began developing his reputation with Tomahawk (DC, 1950 series) and worked on, among others, House of Mystery (DC, 1951 series), My Greatest Adventure (DC, 1955 series), and Tales of the Unexpected (DC, 1956 series).

From 1962 to 1968, he drew the first 39 issues of Aquaman (DC, 1962 series) and all its covers through the final issue (#56, April 1971). From 1966 to 1973, Cardy penciled or inked – sometimes both – all 43 issues of the series Teen Titans (DC, 1966 series). Cardy became the primary DC cover artist from the early to mid-1970s.

Cardy left the comics industry in the mid-1970s for the more lucrative field of commercial art.

1962 October 20

Ron Garney is an American comic book artist.

Garney's career started 1991 with a 12-issue run on Marc Spector: Moon Knight (Marvel, 1989 series), followed by Nightstalkers (Marvel, 1992 series) and Ghost Rider (Marvel, 1990 series). From Captain America (Marvel, 1968 series) #444 [Direct Edition] on, he collaborated with Mark Waid (b. 1962). With John Byrne (b. 1950) he relaunched Hulk (Marvel, 1999 series). From 2002 on he worked on The Uncanny X-Men (Marvel, 1981 series).

Moving to DC in 2004, he worked mainly on JLA (DC, 1997 series). Returning to Marvel in 2006, longer runs were on The Amazing Spider-Man (Marvel, 1999 series), Skaar: Son of Hulk (Marvel, 2008 series), and Wolverine Weapon X (Marvel, 2009 series). After several mini-series, he worked on the relaunched Daredevil (Marvel, 2016 series) for two years with Charles Soule (b. 1974), followed by the relaunch Savage Sword of Conan (Marvel, 2019 series).

Leaving Marvel, he worked on Brzrkr (Boom! Studios, 2021 series) with Keanu Reeves (b. 1964) and Matt Kindt (b. 1973).

Garney worked as the Costume illustrator on the 2007 Will Smith film I Am Legend, and the 2010 Nicolas Cage fantasy film, The Sorcerer's Apprentice.

1966 October 20

Éric Hérenguel est un dessinateur et scénariste de bande dessinée français. Il commença sa carrière en 1986 sur des histoires courtes de Jean-Pierre Croquet dans le "Journal de Tintin". Quand celui-ci cessa de paraître, Hérenguel passa deux ans dans une agence de publicité. Son premier album publié est "Carnivores", sur un scénario de Jean Wacquet. Il succéda ensuite à Laurent Vicomte pour dessiner le second cycle de la Balade au bout du monde de Pierre Makyo.

1906 October 20 - 1975 July 11

Crockett Johnson is best known for the comic strip Barnaby (1942–1952) and the Harold series of books beginning with Harold and the Purple Crayon. He also created over a hundred paintings relating to mathematics and mathematical physics from 1965 until his death. Johnson grew up in Elmhurst, Queens, New York, and studied art at Cooper Union in 1924 and at New York University in 1925.

He explained his choice of pseudonym as follows: "Crockett is my childhood nickname. My real name is David Johnson Leisk. Leisk was too hard to pronounce -- so -- I am now Crockett Johnson!" By the late 1920s, Johnson became an art editor at several McGraw-Hill trade publications. He began his cartooning career in 1934 by contributing to the Communist Party publication New Masses and then became the publication's art editor. He remained with the magazine until 1940 and embarked on a career drawing comic strips in a series in Collier's Magazine named "The Little Man with the Eyes".

Johnson also collaborated on four children's books with his wife, Ruth Krauss. The books were: The Carrot Seed, How to Make an Earthquake, Is This You?, and The Happy Egg. Johnson also created a series of more than 100 mathematical paintings inspired by geometric principles and mathematicians. He painted layered geometric shapes in the paintings, based on classic mathematical theorems and diagrams in James Newman’s The World of Mathematics as well as other mathematics books, and later constructed his own inventions.

1893 October 20 - 1984 February 12

Started out on C. W. Kahles' comic strip The Kelly Kids in 1924. Started a spin-off called The Kid Sister in 1927. Created Tim Tyler's Luck in 1928, which he continued until his death in 1984, when it was officially taken over by his son Bob, who had received co-credit sometime before and was probably doing most of the work by then. He also created a side strip, Curley Harper, in 1935.

Multiple Names for Features

Features can now have several names, these can be used if the difference in the names is significant. For example, this goes for Captain Marvel/Shazam! or different translated names for a feature.

Indexing Milestone!

Cover Image

We reached 500,000 indexed issues !

The milestone issue was Silver Flash #41 from Australian publisher Invincible Press.

Uploading Milestone!

Cover Image

We reached 1,350,000 comic covers !

The milestone cover was the variant cover by Mark Buckingham for the issue Black Cat #4 published by Marvel.

Additional Lists

We added overview lists of character appearances in a group, e.g., Captain America and vice versa, e.g., The Avengers. You can also get a list of issues where Iron Man appeared as a member of the Avengers.

Multiple Brand Emblems per Issue

We changed our handling of brand emblems for an issue. One now can select more than one brand emblem. There will be cleanup of the existing combined brand emblems needed.
We also updated the list per brand emblem and its usages.

Story Arcs and Reading Orders

We recently added story arcs to our database. This is to group stories associated by some sort of title, which includes traditional story arcs, crossovers and events, whether identified by story titles, trade dress or other emblems. Will take some to populate the database, and we have not finally decided what all is considered a story arc. Click for current list of story arcs.

As a form of companion functionality, we added reading orders to our collection subsite my.comics.org. Any registered user can now create individual reading orders for any purpose. These can be made public for anyone to see, we might add search capabilities for reading orders at some point.

Updates To The Site! (Q2 2025)

Besides updating and renovating our page designs, in particular making it useable on small screens, we made a couple of changes on the behaviour of the site.

The result tables and lists are now more consistent throughout the site. On many pages you now fill find these two symbols . By clicking on them one can switch with a list view and an image view, e.g. using covers or creator faces.

Filtering of search results or lists is now usually available.

To avoid visual information overload in case of many variants or reprints, we show the full list only if their number is below a threshold. Logged-in users can set the thresholds in their profile to allow user-defined display.

The functionality for adding issues to a collection, or editing their collection status, is now accessible on the main site.

Most data objects now support markdown in the notes for visual structure. Notes now also support internal links, these are generated automatically and shown with the object name, e.g. [gcd_link_issue](442), or generally [gcd_link_'object_type'](id)

We changed the colors on the series status tables for a more consistent appearance. For issues, we added another layer to indicate that some sequence data is present.

Keywords are now generally clickable troughout the site.

No More Ads!

Due to a United States IRS ruling regarding advertising revenue as taxable business income, we will no longer be displaying paid advertising on the website.

This is good news for all our users, but we are now fully dependent on donations to cover our costs in the future.

If you wish to donate you can simply click , where for US donors this is tax deductable. Thank you for your use and support.
Creators Calendar
Disclaimer
The Grand Comics Database Project (GCD) is a volunteer project with the goal of documenting and indexing all comics for the free use of scholars, historians, researchers, and fans.
The GCD acknowledges that the all-encompassing research nature of the project may result in the posting of cover scans for comics with images that some may find objectionable.
Viewer discretion is advised.
The Grand Comics Database Team

Cloudflare

We are using Cloudflare as an external service to prevent misbehaving bots overloading our webserver. These measures are preventing excessive use of our site, e.g. due to accessing many pages in a few seconds. Sometimes we need to turn on enhanced services of Cloudflare, then an interstitial Challenge Page will appear regularly.

Turning off these measures is not an option for us. Our site would be regularly unresponsive due to the bots (which are often AI-related bots).

If you are getting blocked, this is almost always temporarily for a few minutes. If this persists, these are recommendations one can find for those who have issues with Cloudflare:

  • Make sure your browsers are up to date, or try a different browser.
  • Disable any browser extensions (at least for our website) that may interfere (e.g., ad blockers, privacy extensions). Since we don't serve ads any more, these extension don't have an effect on our site anyway.
  • Try accessing the website using a different device or network to see if the issue persists.
  • Avoid opening many pages into different tabs in quick succession.

How to Contribute

There are several ways in which you can help us to improve our site and its content.

  • You can provide missing data, update existing data, or upload cover scans. Just register an account with us, and you can start contributing.
  • Donate for our ongoing costs, e.g. the server infrastructure. We are a non-profit organization and any funds will be used for our goal of documenting and indexing all comics.
  • We need volunteer web designers and programmers! Please contact the gcd-tech group or visit our technical documentation if you can help with any of these roles:
    • Web designer / front-end developer (HTML / CSS / Tailwind / JavaScript)
    • Python / Django programming
    • ElasticSearch search server
    • Web Services API
    • Database Performance (MySQL)

Data Access via API - Structured Data Import

We have developedan initial version of an API for our site. While the API endpoints URLs are stable, the provided fields and data format should not be considered stable as this point.

More information is at our github page.

Further development of the API depends on user feedback and contributions.

An import of issue and story data in JSON/YAML-format is now available, independent of the API.

Volunteers Wanted For Adding New Comics

Each week, a small number of GCD volunteers add listings to our database for the new comics released that week in North America. These are just the basic listings, not full indexes. This makes it easier for other volunteers who upload covers and for indexers, as well as for people using my.comics.org.

Each volunteer covers one publisher or a small group of publishers ("D publishers except DC", for example). From public sources such as ComicsList and Diamond Previews online, they add the issues and make note of the prices and a few other details. We are looking for additional volunteers for this weekly task.

Follow this link for a description of the process and a list of which publishers are currently covered.
Last Updated Issues
Statistics
17,742 publishers
115,127 creators
230,746 series
2,208,781 issues
254,038 variant issues
505,594 issue indexes
1,373,263 covers
4,576,165 stories
International Statistics
If you believe any of this data to be incorrect, please let us know.
Creative Commons License
All portions of the Grand Comics Database™, except where noted otherwise, are copyrighted by the GCD and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0). This includes but is not necessarily limited to our database schema and data distribution format.