The listenerCount method was introduced (75305f3) for performance reasons after EventEmitter#listeners started to return a copy of the listeners array (nodejs/node-v0.x-archive#3442). It was added as a static method because of problems with backwards compatibility when the domain field was introduced to EventEmitter (nodejs/node-v0.x-archive#5310).
Now that we are somewhat less strict about this and is introducing other new methods (2931348) on the prototype for EventEmitter, maybe we could clean up this api?
(You guys who was involved in this, feel free to correct me on the historical details)