Deep-dive technical content for software engineers, architects, and platform builders.
I’ve spent the last decade in QA management, and if there’s one debate that consistently heats up when discussing strategy, it’s the selector approach. Specifically: Do we stick to the DOM or do we trust the “eyes” of the machine? For years, element-based automation was the undisputed king. It’s what we all learned: find the… … continue reading
AI is transforming software development at an unprecedented pace. Some claim that AI is making developers faster, automating coding, and even replacing unit testing. In reality, these claims oversimplify the challenges of building reliable software. AI does not eliminate test-driven development (TDD); it exposes whether developers truly understand it. If anything, AI raises the bar… … continue reading
FOURTH OF FOUR PARTS Throughout this series, we’ve explored how prompt injections exploit the fundamental architecture of LLMs. We’ve seen direct attacks that manipulate user input, indirect attacks that poison data pipelines, and multi-modal attacks that hide instructions in images and documents. Now we address the critical question: how do we defend against threats that… … continue reading
Kubernetes is evolving fast, and one of the biggest changes in recent years has been the move from annotations to Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs) for configuration and extensibility. This shift is especially visible in ingress configuration, where CRDs are taking over to provide better structure, validation, and scalability. The Kubernetes Gateway API, built entirely on… … continue reading
THIRD OF FOUR PARTS Part 1 and Part 2 covered how LLMs process input and how attackers exploit direct access to the prompt. But what if the attacker never touches the prompt directly? Indirect prompt injection represents a more insidious threat: malicious instructions embedded in content the LLM retrieves and processes, allowing attackers to compromise… … continue reading
In the fast-moving world of financial technology, developers are caught in a relentless, high-stakes tug-of-war. On one side, the product and growth teams are demanding a frictionless, sub-second user onboarding experience. They know that every additional form field or loading spinner increases the abandonment rate. On the other side, the SecOps and compliance teams are… … continue reading
SECOND OF FOUR PARTS In Part 1, we established why LLMs are vulnerable: the attention mechanism treats all input tokens equally, with no architectural separation between trusted instructions and untrusted user data. Now we explore how attackers exploit this through direct prompt injection techniques where the attacker directly manipulates their input to override the model’s intended… … continue reading
Let’s be candid: B2B CRM data is a disaster. It doesn’t matter if you are running a lean instance of Pipedrive or a monolithic deployment of Salesforce; the moment you let human beings manually enter data into your system, you are building a data swamp. Sales reps are incentivized to close deals, not to be… … continue reading
FIRST OF FOUR PARTS Before we can understand how attackers exploit large language models, we need to understand how these models work. This first article in our four-part series on prompt injections establishes the foundation: what happens between typing your question and receiving an answer, and why that process creates security vulnerabilities that didn’t exist… … continue reading
OpenAI today released the Codex app for Windows, powered by OpenAI’s frontier coding models, and it’s now the only coding agent with a first-class Windows experience. According to a 2025 survey from Stack Overflow, nearly 50% of developers use Windows for professional use and more than 55% use it for personal use. The Codex Windows… … continue reading
If bad data in e-commerce costs money, bad data in healthcare tech costs lives. As the industry races to comply with federal interoperability mandates (like the ONC’s Cures Act rules) and adopts FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) standards, developers are battling a massive architectural headache: the “duplicate patient” crisis. When hospital networks merge, or when… … continue reading
Here’s a quick library to write your GPU-based operators and execute them in your Nvidia, AMD, Intel or whatever, along with my new VisualDML tool to design your operators visually. This is a follow up into my older DirectML article. The DMLLib source is available here. VisualDML source and download is available here. Windows Store download here…. … continue reading
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cf_use_ob | past | Cloudflare sets this cookie to improve page load times and to disallow any security restrictions based on the visitor's IP address. |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement | 1 year | Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to record the user consent for the cookies in the "Advertisement" category . |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional | 11 months | The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-others | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. |
| cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". |
| CookieLawInfoConsent | 1 year | Records the default button state of the corresponding category & the status of CCPA. It works only in coordination with the primary cookie. |
| JSESSIONID | session | The JSESSIONID cookie is used by New Relic to store a session identifier so that New Relic can monitor session counts for an application. |
| PHPSESSID | session | This cookie is native to PHP applications. The cookie is used to store and identify a users' unique session ID for the purpose of managing user session on the website. The cookie is a session cookies and is deleted when all the browser windows are closed. |
| viewed_cookie_policy | 11 months | The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data. |
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| __atuvc | 1 year 1 month | AddThis sets this cookie to ensure that the updated count is seen when one shares a page and returns to it, before the share count cache is updated. |
| __atuvs | 30 minutes | AddThis sets this cookie to ensure that the updated count is seen when one shares a page and returns to it, before the share count cache is updated. |
| __cf_bm | 30 minutes | This cookie, set by Cloudflare, is used to support Cloudflare Bot Management. |
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ac_enable_tracking | 1 month | This cookie is set by Active Campaign to denote that traffic is enabled for the website. |
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| __gads | 1 year 24 days | The __gads cookie, set by Google, is stored under DoubleClick domain and tracks the number of times users see an advert, measures the success of the campaign and calculates its revenue. This cookie can only be read from the domain they are set on and will not track any data while browsing through other sites. |
| _ga | 2 years | The _ga cookie, installed by Google Analytics, calculates visitor, session and campaign data and also keeps track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookie stores information anonymously and assigns a randomly generated number to recognize unique visitors. |
| _ga_S6PB8V57DG | 2 years | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. |
| _gat_gtag_UA_846073_1 | 1 minute | Set by Google to distinguish users. |
| _gid | 1 day | Installed by Google Analytics, _gid cookie stores information on how visitors use a website, while also creating an analytics report of the website's performance. Some of the data that are collected include the number of visitors, their source, and the pages they visit anonymously. |
| _jsuid | 1 year | This cookie contains random number which is generated when a visitor visits the website for the first time. This cookie is used to identify the new visitors to the website. |
| at-rand | never | AddThis sets this cookie to track page visits, sources of traffic and share counts. |
| CONSENT | 2 years | YouTube sets this cookie via embedded youtube-videos and registers anonymous statistical data. |
| iutk | 5 months 27 days | This cookie is used by Issuu analytic system to gather information regarding visitor activity on Issuu products. |
| uvc | 1 year 1 month | Set by addthis.com to determine the usage of addthis.com service. |
| vuid | 2 years | Vimeo installs this cookie to collect tracking information by setting a unique ID to embed videos to the website. |
| WMF-Last-Access | 1 month 14 hours 26 minutes | This cookie is used to calculate unique devices accessing the website. |
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| __Host-GAPS | 2 years | This cookie allows the website to identify a user and provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. |
| _pxhd | session | Used by Zoominfo to enhance customer data. |
| IDE | 1 year 24 days | Google DoubleClick IDE cookies are used to store information about how the user uses the website to present them with relevant ads and according to the user profile. |
| loc | 1 year 1 month | AddThis sets this geolocation cookie to help understand the location of users who share the information. |
| mc | 1 year 1 month | Quantserve sets the mc cookie to anonymously track user behaviour on the website. |
| test_cookie | 15 minutes | The test_cookie is set by doubleclick.net and is used to determine if the user's browser supports cookies. |
| VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE | 5 months 27 days | A cookie set by YouTube to measure bandwidth that determines whether the user gets the new or old player interface. |
| YSC | session | YSC cookie is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos on Youtube pages. |
| yt-remote-connected-devices | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
| yt-remote-device-id | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
| yt.innertube::nextId | never | This cookie, set by YouTube, registers a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen. |
| yt.innertube::requests | never | This cookie, set by YouTube, registers a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen. |
| Cookie | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
| __gpi | 1 year 24 days | No description |
| __Secure-YEC | 1 year 1 month | No description |
| _heatmaps_g2g_100754890 | 10 minutes | No description |
| _techvalidate_session | session | No description |
| cf_7166_id | 20 years | No description |
| cf_7166_person_last_update | session | No description |
| f5avraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa_session_ | session | No description available. |
| GoogleAdServingTest | session | No description |
| Gyazo_cfwoker | 7 years 2 months 17 days 7 hours | No description |
| incap_ses_451_2783402 | session | No description |
| incap_ses_769_2783402 | session | No description |
| loglevel | never | No description available. |
| m | 2 years | No description available. |
| nlbi_2783402 | session | No description |
| prism_252377639 | 1 month | No description |
| TS011605d9 | session | No description |
| ustream-guest | session | No description available. |
| visid_incap_2783402 | 1 year | No description |
| xtc | 1 year 1 month | No description |
