Reopening external modules broken in TS 1.5-alpha

[basarat]

Consider a.d.ts (which compiles fine in isolation) without any error:

declare module "foo" {
    interface Foo {
        a: number;
    }
    var _:Foo;
    export = _;
}

And b.d.ts that plans to add stuff to module foo's Foo interface:

/// <reference path="./a"/>

declare module "foo" {
    interface Foo {
        b: number;
    }
}

With this we have two errors:

• a.d.ts gets an error on export = "An export assignment cannot be used in a module with other exported elements.
• b.d.ts doesn't actually manage to add to the interface Foo as demonstrated by a test file test.ts:

/// <reference path="./a"/>
/// <reference path="./b"/>

import foo = require("foo");
foo.b = 123; // ERROR: Property b to not exist on type Foo

Discovered in DefinitelyTyped : DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped#4101 /cc @vvakame

[ahejlsberg]

Don't think this is a bug. It isn't possible to have other exports in a module that uses export = so the two declarations of Foo are considered separate local declarations that don't merge. It is possible that earlier versions of the compiler permitted this (we tightened things up in this area as part of the ES6 module work), but it was never intended behavior.

I don't see the error "An export assignment cannot be used in a module with other exported elements" and I wouldn't expect to as there are no other exported elements.

I do see the error "Property 'b' does not exist on type 'typeof "foo"'" and I think that is correct.

[basarat]

It is possible that earlier versions of the compiler permitted this (we tightened things up in this area as part of the ES6 module work), but it was never intended behavior.

Cool. I can verify that it did work.

I don't see the error "An export assignment cannot be used in a module with other exported elements"

It might just be the language service :

I've uploaded the sample for testing : https://github.com/TypeStrong/atom-typescript-examples/tree/master/errorcases/reopenExternalModules

---

This brings us back to the question: If I write an npm module and create a definition:

declare module "foo" {
    interface Foo {
        a: number;
    }
    var _:Foo;
    export = _;
}

How can someone create another NPM module and provide enhancements for my Foo. Perhaps the answer is to use non instantiated modules in my definition so that they can be safely reopened and extended. Correct?

[ahejlsberg]

I'm not entirely clear on what you're trying to model here, but certainly one way you could do it is to declare the Foo interface in the global scope (or in an uninstantiated internal module in the global scope). For example a.d.ts:

declare module FooTypes {
    export interface Foo {
        a: number;
    }
}

declare module "foo" {
    var _: FooTypes.Foo;
    export = _;
}

And b.d.ts:

/// <reference path="./a"/>

declare module FooTypes {
    export interface Foo {
        b: number;
    }
}

Now, with my ES6 hat on, the above isn't a pattern I would recommend. In ES6, modules are non-extensible objects and you can't just jam properties onto them. Instead you declare a new module and use export ... from "foo" to re-export some or all of the existing module's members.

[yjo]

I'm seeing this same issue (in tsc 1.5.3) and I'd be very interested to hear of any workarounds there might be. I'm using a DefinitelyTyped declaration that has been written similarly to @basarat's example:

declare module "foo"
{
    module foo {
        interface Foo {
            bar: Bar;
        }
        interface Bar {
            a: number;
        }
    }
    var foo: foo.Foo;
    export = foo;
}

The problem is that one of the TSD module interfaces (Bar) is missing a member that I need to use. Of course the medium-long term solution would be to create a PR for DefinitelyTyped that addresses the issue and reference it once it gets merged, but I'm hoping there's a solution that lets me re-open the interface to add what I need in a separate file.

In my case the error TS2309: An export assignment cannot be used in a module with other exported elements is flagged at the export = foo line of the TSD definition, and not within my extension .d.ts file, which looks like:

declare module "foo" {
    interface Bar{
        b: number;
    }
}

Is there another way to add to this interface without modifying the main TSD definition file?

[mhegazy]

Is there another way to add to this interface without modifying the main TSD definition file?

I do not see other way around this.

[basarat]

I do not see other way around this.

Same here. We went with wrapping those interfaces in a non instantiated module (i.e. modifying the original definitions)

[yjo]

@mhegazy @basarat having types that are closed 'by design' doesn't feel very TypeScripty to me... It's hard enough to persuade a team of TS's merits without having to sprinkle around the odd <any> because the library types are incomplete .

[danquirk]

Can you not just edit your local copy of the .d.ts until the PR for the fix is taken?