Yiɣi chaŋ yɛligu maŋamaŋa puuni

Spain

Malimi soya nim ŋɔ niŋ
Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia
Spain
Image
maŋsulinsi tiŋgbani, realm, tingbani, Mediterranean country, nation state
Pahi laEuropean Economic Area Mali niŋ
Di pilli ni1715, 19 Silimin gɔli March 1812, 9 Silimin gɔli December 1931, 29 Silimin gɔli December 1978, 14 Silimin gɔli March 1516 Mali niŋ
Yuli din nyɛ a balliReino de España, Espainiako Erresuma, Regne d'Espanya, Reino de España Mali niŋ
Yu'maŋliReino de España, Espainiako Erresuma, Regne d'Espanya, Reino de España Mali niŋ
Zuliya wuhibuReino de España Mali niŋ
Yɛtɔɣa sabbu gahindaɪˈspanʲɪjə, esˈpaɲa, ˈspeɪn, ˈspɑːnɪɑ Mali niŋ
BalliSpaniards, Romani people Mali niŋ
Siɣili-lana yuliHispania Mali niŋ
Yɛltɔɣa din nyɛ tuma ni diniSpanish Mali niŋ
Tiŋgbani silimaMarcha Real Mali niŋ
Kaliculture of Spain Mali niŋ
TaachiPlus ultra Mali niŋ
Taachi sabbuPlus Ultra Mali niŋ
Dunia yaɣiliTuure Mali niŋ
TiŋaSpain Mali niŋ
TinzuɣuMadrid Mali niŋ
Wakati luɣiliUTC+01:00, UTC+02:00, UTC±00:00, UTC+01:00, Europe/Madrid Mali niŋ
Be ni bee n pa kodoosheei zuɣuAtlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Cantabrian Sea, Alboran Sea Mali niŋ
Located in/on physical featureIberian Peninsula, Africa, Southern Europe Mali niŋ
Tiŋgbaŋ yaɣili calinli40°12′0″N 3°30′0″W Mali niŋ
Coordinates of easternmost point39°52′36″N 4°19′37″E, 42°19′10″N 3°19′20″E Mali niŋ
Coordinates of northernmost point43°47′28″N 7°41′21″W, 43°47′32″N 7°41′26″W Mali niŋ
Coordinates of southernmost point27°38′31″N 17°58′51″W, 36°0′1″N 5°36′37″W Mali niŋ
Coordinates of westernmost point27°42′15″N 18°8′0″W, 42°55′23″N 9°17′52″W Mali niŋ
Highest pointTeide Mali niŋ
Lowest pointMina de Las Cruces Mali niŋ
Din nyɛ gɔmnanti nyoliniparliamentary monarchy Mali niŋ
Office held by head of statemonarch of Spain Mali niŋ
Tiŋgban zuɣ'lanaFelipe VI of Spain Mali niŋ
Office held by head of governmentPrime Minister of Spain Mali niŋ
Tiŋgbani zuɣ'lanaPedro Sánchez Mali niŋ
Has cabinetCouncil of Ministers of Spain Mali niŋ
Kpamba yaɣiliGobierno de España Mali niŋ
Loo zalibu yaɣaCortes Generales Mali niŋ
Saliya dibu kpamba ban be tooniSupreme Court of Spain, Constitutional Court of Spain Mali niŋ
Tingbani liɣirieuro Mali niŋ
Di tarisi niAndora, Portugal, Moroco, France, Gibraltar Mali niŋ
PɛyinaSpain Mali niŋ
Duhubu yaɣiliright Mali niŋ
Niɣilim buɣum polo puloku balishɛliEuroplug, Schuko Mali niŋ
TaɣiHispanic Monarchy, Crown of Aragon, Spanish Empire, Kingdom of Aragon, First Spanish Republic Mali niŋ
Ŋun bɔhim ŋa nyɛSpanish studies, hispanism Mali niŋ
Lahabaya dundɔŋ din mali dihitabilihttps://administracion.gob.es/ Mali niŋ
HasitagiSpain, spain Mali niŋ
Top-level Internet domain.es Mali niŋ
Tuutaflag of Spain Mali niŋ
Coat of armscoat of arms of Kingdom of Spain Mali niŋ
Geography of topicGeography of Spain Mali niŋ
Nahingbaŋfree country Mali niŋ
Taarihi bachikpani dalinlihistory of Spain Mali niŋ
Adiini gahindilinon-denominational Mali niŋ
‎most populous urban areaMadrid Mali niŋ
Open data portalSpain open data portal Mali niŋ
Economy of topiceconomy of Spain Mali niŋ
Demographics of topicdemographics of Spain Mali niŋ
Gregorian calendar start date15 Silimin gɔli October 1582 Mali niŋ
Mobile country code214 Mali niŋ
Tiŋgbani boligu zalikpana+34 Mali niŋ
Zuɣusaa zuɣusaa tangalimia lamba112, 061, 091 Mali niŋ
GS1 tiŋgbani code840-849 Mali niŋ
Lansisi plati koodiE Mali niŋ
Maritime lamba kalinli224, 225 Mali niŋ
NCI Thesaurus IDC17152 Mali niŋ
Unicode bachinima🇪🇸 Mali niŋ
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Spain Mali niŋ
Map
 Image
E-ClassImage

Spain pam ni mi shɛli Kingdom of Spain[lower-alpha 1] nyɛla maŋsulunsi tiŋgbani n-be Tuure. Di nyɛla din be Europe nudirigu mini nuzaa polo ka ba daansi ni Afrika tingbana wulinpuhili polo[lower-alpha 2]. Dini n-nyɛ maŋsulinsi tingbani karili Europe nudirigu polo ka pahi tingbana anahi din mali daadam biɛligu pam Europe tingbana nangbanyini laɣingu shɛli bi ni boli European Union(EU) la. Iberian Peninsula n nyɛ yaɣili din galisi (kul' kara yaɣa) puuni, din ba daansi ni yaɣishɛli n pahi n-nyɛ Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean nuzaa yaɣili la polo mi n-nyɛ; Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean Sea; n ti pahi di kul' kara tiŋsi din be Ceuta mini Melilla, din kpe gbansabila tingbana ni.

Image
Celtic castro Galicia tingbani ni
Image
Roman Theatre Mérida tingbani ni
Image
Royal Panteon of San Isidoro din bie León tingbani ni
Image
Catholic Monarchs ban bie Spain tingbani ni
Image
16th-century bahagu ha Seville tingbani ni, ka harbor diri dahi zaŋ chaŋ di ni mali sɔli ni di niŋ daabilim ni nira kam anduniya yaangi zuɣu
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri mappu din mali nahingbana ayi din wuhiri Spain kparibɔɣu
Image
Daabiligu so' dahi din bie Spain kparibɔɣu puuni
Image
Plaza Mayor din bie Madrid tingbani ni daa mɛla yuuni 1619 saha shɛli Philip III. ni daa nye tingbani zuɣulana
Image
Tingban zuɣulana Philip V mini o daŋa . Enlightenment in Spain saha,lala saha ka daŋapalo daa deei tingbaŋ maa yulibu ka bƐ daa bɔli daŋ ŋɔ House of Bourbon.
Image
Anfooni mɛra din za tingbani zalisi din daa nam yuuni 1812 ka bie Cádiz. tingbani puuni
Image
Torrijos mini o bidibsi ban daa ny o tɔbbihi kubu yuuni 1831, Málaga tingbani ni. Zuɣulana Ferdinand VII daa nyɛla ŋun kuli zaŋ kpiɛŋ n daa tuhi liberal forces ban daa bie o tingbani puuni .
Image
paɣaba niŋdi bɛ piibu piibu Éibar tingbani ni yuuni 1933, din daa niŋ ka tingbani maa sahi n ti paɣaba suffrage Deputy Clara Campoamor daa nyɛla ŋun kpaŋ o maŋa zaŋ chaŋ zaligu ŋɔ naba zanibu polo ni di sahi n ti tingbani maa ni
Image
Republican volunteers Teruel tingbani puuni, yuuni 1936
Lahabali kɔligu:Meeting at Hendaye (en.wiki).jpg
Spain nima toondana Francisco Franco mini Adolf Hitler nii laɣim laɣingu din daa niŋ Hendaye tingbani ni, yuuni 1940
Image
toondana Juan Carlos I pɔi ni Cortes Españolas, o ni daa yina n ti mɔli o zuɣulaan tali n ti salo maa dabsili 22 silimiin gɔli November yuuni 1975
Image
mappu din wuhiri Spain tingbana nahingbana (gbaai yiɣi Canary Islands)
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Caló d'es Moro, din bie Mallorca island
Image
Teide, din na nye zoli shɛli din tuɣiri buɣim ka bie Tenerife tingbani ni , Canary Islands zuɣu, ka lahi nye zɔli shɛli din du n nyaŋ zɔli kam din bie Spain.tingbani puuni
Image
Köppen naawuni nam tiɛri pubu pubu mappu Spain tingbani ni
Lahabali kɔligu:Urriellu desde el Pozo de LaOracion.jpg
Urriellu peak (Naranjo de Bulnes) din yina Pozo de La Oracion, Picos de Europa
Image
binkɔbigu ŋun nye Iberian wolf ban zooi Castile mini Leon tingbana ni. Lala yaha ŋɔ malila di tingbana ka Natura 2000 kuli deei kɔbigu puuni pishi ni anu zuɣu

Spain nyɛla tiŋgbani shɛli din bɛ Europe wulinluhili mini di nudirigu polo din ba daansi ni Afrika wulinpuhili polo maa.  Di nyɛla din be "south" polo yaɣali Europe tingbani. Southern Europe puuni dini n-nyɛ tiŋgbani kari ka European Union membership state puuni ka di nyɛ din do bunahi zuɣu di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli din mali salo. Dini n galisi din kana Iberian Peninsula. Din lahi ba daansi ni tiŋ shɛŋa n nyɛ  Canary Islands,  Atlantic Ocean Eastern yaɣali, Western yaɣali Mediterran sea, nti pahi Cueta tiŋ'shɛŋa mini Melilla din be Mainland  Africa. Peninsula Spain  lahi ba la daansi ni di wulinpuhili polo yaɣa tiŋsi kamani France Andorra mini Bay of Biscay; di nuzaa polo yaɣali mini di wulinluhili polo yaɣali mi Mediterranean sea mini Gibraltar ka west mi gba yaɣali Portugal mini Atlantic ocean.  Spain tiŋ zuɣu mini di tiŋ kari nyɛla Madrid,  tiŋ kari shɛŋa din pahi n nyɛ Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Zaragoza  Málaga, Murcia nti pahi Palma de Mallorca.

Lahabali kɔligu:Felipe González firma el Tratado de Adhesión de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea en el Palacio Real de Madrid. Pool Moncloa. 12 de junio de1985.jpeg
Toondana Felipe González n dihir o nuu gbana zuɣu din daa jandi suhudoo European Economic Community lahingu paɣibu polo dabsili 12 silimiin goli June yuuni 1985
Image
Ayirimo din daa niŋ ni di tuhi tingbani yɛlibiɛri din daa niŋda n ti pahi bi' pɔla ni daa ka tuma n tumda Madrid tingbani puuni , dabsili 15 silimiin gɔli October yuuni 2011
Image
Catalan nima ni niŋdi bɛ piibu piibu Barcelona tingbani puuni saha shɛli yuuni 2017 Catalan independence referendum ni daa niŋda

Saha waɣila puuni Iberian peninsula daa nyɛla Celts, Iberians ni Pre - Roman shɛba ni daa bɛ shɛli. Roman nim daa nyɛla ban dɛigi Iberian peninsula, dini n daa nam Hispania tiŋgbani yaɣa, din daa ti taɣi ka ti lahi lɛbigi krestiɛniti. Western Roman Empire lubu nyaaŋa,peninsula daa nyɛla Central Europe zuliya nima ni dɛigi shɛli, bi shɛba n nyɛ Visigoths ban daa zali Visigoth kingdom laToledo puuni. 8th century piligu,Peninsula nim daa nyɛla Umayyad Caliphate nim ni su shɛli  ni Al- Andalus din bɛ Cordoba. Northern kristiɛn kingdom ni daa lanchi Reconquista, din daa nyɛ din yihira ka nahira musilisi zalisi peninsula puuni belabela, ka di daa chɛ ka Nasrid Kingdom of Granada lu. Dynastic Union of the Crown of Castile mini Crown of Aragon nim, Yuuni 1479 Catholic Monarchs puuni  ka bɛ daa nyɛ laɣigu  Spain  tiŋgbani.

Yuuni shɛli bini daa bori ni baŋ duniya, Spain n daa bɛ tiŋsi maa zaa tooni ka daa nyɛ ban nyɛ duniya pali la, ban daa lahi nyɛ tuli ban gɔ n gili duniya za, bi daa lahi zali empire kari zaɣi yini bihiguni, ka di gili ka lahi kpaŋsi duniya zaa dabiligu. 18th century puuni Naeve Planta decrees nim daa pa su Spain Bourbon zɛmani, ka bi daa kpaŋsi nam zalisi.19th century daa di bi Nasara maa shahara zaŋ Chanŋ Peninsular tɔbu maa ni (1808-1814) yuuni bi mini Napoleonic force ni American colonies maa pam ni daa lu shɛm amid liberal -absolutist tɔbu ni maa ni. Lala wahala ŋu daa yina Spanish Civil tɔbu la ni (1936-1939) yuuni mini Francoist Dictatorship (1939-1975) yuuni. Democracy lavisibu na ni bi EU puuni kpebu, Spain daa nyɛla ban nyɛ taɣibu bi ariziki polo ni bi tiŋgbani lɛbigimsi polo. Spanish Golden Age la saha ( Siglo de Oro)  Spanish ni taɣada nyɛla din gili duniya zaa balntɛi Western Europe nim mini American nima. Spanish nyɛla balli shɛli niriba ban kalinli gari 600 million ni yɛri shɛli ka di nyɛla bi zuliya yɛtɔli n bala, dini n nyɛ din pahi ayi bala puuni duniya zaa niriba ni yɛri pam ka lahi nyɛ Roman balli shɛli bini yɛri pam. Spain nyɛla din pahiri ayi zaŋ chanŋ niriba pam ni kaagi tiŋ shɛli. Ban n lahi zali World Heritage Sites pam ka lahi nyɛ tiŋ shɛli Europeans shikuru bihi pam ni bɛ.

Spain nyɛla Parliamentary Democracy mini Constitutional Monarchy, ka King Felipe Iv nyɛ tiŋgbani zuɣu lana, lɛbigimsi tiŋgbani, Spain nyɛla din bɛ tooni diyi kana ariziki polo duniya ni, di yi kana bomma polo bi nyɛla ban bɛ tooni duniya ni. Spain n nyɛ din pahiri anahi European Union (EU) puuni di yi kana ariziki mini bomma polo. Spain nyɛla tiŋ shɛli ban kaya ni taɣada mali yaa hali ni yi tiŋ shɛŋa ni, bi lahi kpaŋsi bi kaya ni taɣada bi yi ti bɛ laɣiguni ni tiŋ shɛŋa bɛ forum, bani n nyɛ Europe nima mini Latin America  nim ni paɣaisiri shɛba ka di nyɛla bi yali kura zuɣu.[1][2][3]

Di yuli ni pili shɛm

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain (España)  nyɛla yuli shɛli din yina Hispania ni,yuli shɛli daadaa Roman nim ni daa mali n tiri Iberian Peninsula Roman Republic mini Roman Empire. Hispania nyɛla yuli shɛli din gbunni ka chiriti.

Bachinima bolibu baŋdiba daa booni la lala tiŋa maa "i-shphan-im", ka din gbunni nyɛla soonsi tiŋgbani bee "hyraxes;"[4] 'kuriti tiŋgbani',[5] [6]bɛ northern island[7] Roman nima laɣiri gba daa malila paɣa ka o mali sooŋa o naba tiŋli anfooni di zuɣu[8]. Strabo nim gba daa booni li la soonsi tiŋgbani.[9]

Piligu

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Pɔi ni taarihi ni Iberian niriba

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Binkura baŋda vihigu Atapuerca wuhiya ni Iberian  peninsula daa mali dadam biɛlim ban yi yab' do yino ni na ka bi kalinli yiɣisi miliyɔŋ ni kɔbisita polo yuma din gari la.[10]

Daadam ban da kpe Iberian tuuli daa nyɛla ban north yaɣali, ka di nyɛla bi chanŋ la tiŋa 35,000 yuma nyaaŋa.[11] Bin shɛli bini mali n tɛri lala daada ninsalinim ŋɔ nyɛla bini panti Altamira Carve din bɛ cantabria northern Iberia la, bini daa niŋ shɛli 35,600 - 13,500 BCE  Cro- Magnon ni daa niŋ shɛli la.[12][13] Archeological mini genetic  shahara wuhiya ni Iberian Peninsula daa bɛmi kamani tiŋ shɛŋa din maha ka northern Europe nim labi ʒini  a yi doli ice aged nim ma bahigu haŋ.

Zuliya di baa ayi ban galisi ʒi Iberian Peninsula  maa poi ka Roman nim naa dɛigi daa nyɛla Iberians nim mini Celts nima.[14] Iberians nim ŋɔ daa bɛla Mediterranean yaɣali Peninsula puuni. Celts nim mi gba daa nyɛla ban bɛ sunsuuni mini Atlantic yaɣali Peninsula puuni. Basques nim daa nyɛla ban bi Western yaɣali Pyrenees zoli maa polo n ti pahi fɔŋ shɛŋa. Phoenician-influence Tartessians mi bɛ Southwest yaɣali. Lusitanians mini Vettones nima central west yaɣali. Phoenicians daa nyɛla bon kpa tiŋsi pam coast yaɣali. Dabiligu daa bini ka Greek ni daa lɛ kana n ti dɛigi east yaɣali fukumsi. Bachinima baŋdiba daa nyɛla ban yɛligi kpe puuni zaŋ kpa meseta.  Amaa inland bala zaba maa zuɣu  Carthaginians nim ŋɔ daa ʒini iberian Peninsula coasts yaɣali.

Roman Hispania mini Visigothic Nam Tingbani

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Din daa pahiri panic zabli ayi, roughly bin be 210 ni 205 BCE, di daa yaligirila Roman Republic captured Carthaginian bidiriba colonies ka di doli Mediterranean coast. It took the Romans daa ku zang la yuma ayi n naagi conquer of the Iberian Peninsula. Be daa bohamya ka gbeli yuma ayobu. Roman zal kpana daa lahm mi n ti zal pkana, balli, ni Roman road.[15] Kaya ni taada din be pɔi ni Roman nima daa lee rila Roman nima ŋɔ dini bɛla bɛla bee Latin nima dini, ka taɣibu nyɛla din niŋ konkɔba n doli yaɣa shɛli salo maa ni bie yaɣashɛli ka toondaanba daa ny`ela bɛ ni mali sh`eba m pahiri bɛ asanzanima puuni..[lower-alpha 3][16]

Hispania,din nye Roman nima yuli n ti Iberian Peninsula, daa nyɛla biɛhigu shee n ti bin biɛla bindira bɛ Roman nima daa ni, ka di daa nye luɣi shɛli bɛ ni mali n yiɣiri salima, gumdi mihi, olive kpam, n ti pahi dam. Pukparilim daa niŋ la yaa din daa niŋ ka tingbani maa da zaŋ kɔm tabibi tabibi n zaŋ pahi bɛ pukparilim tuma ni, ka lala tabibi tabibi ŋɔ shɛŋa na biɛni hali ni zuŋɔ. Zuɣulaannima kamani Hadrian, Trajan, Theodosius n ti pahi Seneca daa nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi shɛba Hispania[lower-alpha 4] [15] Spain bala n ti pahi di adiini nima pam daa nyɛla din pili lala saha ŋɔ[15] Yuuni 170CE ni daa piligi, bɛ daa liri la North-Africa Mauri ban bie Baetica yaɣali.

Roman Hispania mini Visigothic kingdom

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Punic tɔbu din pahi ayi la ni, kamani 210 - 205 BCE saha, Roman Republic daa nyɛla din yɛligi gbaagi  Carthaginian  colonies dabiligu zaŋ gbaagi Mediterranean cost. Roman nim daa zaŋ la century di baa ayi ka na tooi nyaŋa Iberian Peninsula nima. Bi daa nyɛla ban gbebi din sulinsi n gari centuries di baa ayɔbu. Roman sulinsi maa daa nyɛla din laɣim zalisi, balli, mini Roman palli.[17] Pre-Roman kaya daa nyɛla din Romanised (Latinised) konkoba n doli Peninsula yaɣa shɛli bini bɛ ni tiŋ maa ni niraba shɛba bini zaŋ niŋ bi Roman aristocratic Karim zuŋ ni.

Hispania, nyɛla yuli shɛli Roman ni nyɛ Iberia Peninsula puuni. Ka di za luɣu shɛli bini zalindi bi puzuri  shɛli polo ka nyɛ luɣu shɛli bini mali salima, wool, kpam ni dam n yiri tiŋduya. Pukparim daa nyɛla din kpaŋsi bi daa gbe mɔɣa tiba ka mali yɔhiri bi ni kuri bin shɛŋa maa, din shɛŋa na nyɛla bin na mali shɛli n kuri bukata saha ŋɔ.  Emperor, Hadrain, Trajan,Theodosius I mini  Philosopher Seneca daa nyɛla bini dɔɣi shɛba Hispania[lower-alpha 5] . Kristiɛniti nyɛla bini daa zaŋ shɛli na Hispania 1st century CE saha ka di daa niŋ bayana tiŋsi ni 2nd century saharef name="country" /> Most of Spain's present languages and religions, as well as the basis of its laws, . Spain bala,  adiini ni bi zalisi saha ŋɔ nyɛbili nyɛla lala saha maa.[17] 170 CE piligu, North African daa nyɛla bini dɛigi shɛli sulinsi saha bihi sunsuuni Mauri ni daa pirigi Baetica saha shɛli maa[18].

Germanic Suebi mini Vandals n ti pahi Sarmatian Alans nima daa kpe Peninsula yuma 409 nyaaŋa, din daa chuɣim Western Roman Empire zalisi Hispania ni. Suebi nim daa zali bi kingdom north-western Iberia. Vandals nim maa gba daa nyɛla ban ʒini South Peninsula zaŋ chanŋ 420 saha maa poi ka bi naa baagari North Africa polo 429 yuma saha. empire ni daa wurim naa, bi bihigu mini bi bomma daa bi lahi to. Ban daa zani bi zaani maa daa nyɛla ban chɛ bi bihigu shɛhi maa mini bi zallisi shɛŋa din daa gbebi lala empire maa, kama kristiɛniti mini bi ni daa lahi paɣisiri Roman nim maa kaya.

Byzantines nim daa zali Spania South yaɣali, ka bi niya nyɛmi ni bi labi niigi Roman nim zalisi Iberia tiŋgbani zaa puuni. Hispania daa nyɛla bini labi laɣim shɛli Visigothic zalisi puuni.

Musilinima saha mini Reconquesta

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

711hali ni 718 saha maa, saha shɛli bini daa yiligiri Umayyad Caliphate maa  din daa dɛigi North Africa yaɣali Byzantine empire ni sani. Iberian Peninsula  daa nyɛla Misilim nim ni dɛigi shɛli  zaŋ hali ni Strait of Gibraltar  din daa ku Visigothic kingdom yuli. Gbaa yihi Tiŋkpaŋ bila shɛli di daa bi peninsula  north yaɣali zoya maa polo daa zaŋsi ka zabi bi maŋ zuɣu n zaŋsi lala fukumsi maa ni. Asturias - León kingdom ni daa laɣimya. Kristiɛn tiŋsi kamani Navarre mini Aragon din bɛ north zoya maa yaɣali ma  daa nyɛla ban kpaŋsi lala nagba yini maa  Carolingian Marca Hispanica tiŋsi ni[19][20] Yuun kɔbsi ha ni, taɣibu taɣibu ŋɔ din daa bie musulimnima mini dolodolo nima ni daa su yaɣa shɛŋa sunsuuni da niŋdi la Ebro mini Douro zo'lɔŋa ni.

Salo Musulimnima lɛbigibu daa nyɛla din niŋdi yom yom. Muladies nima (ban nye musulimnima ka yina Iberian zuliya ni na ) daa nyɛla ba nye ban zooi pam salo ban daa nye Al-Andalius zuliya saha shɛli yuuni kɔbga din daa pahi pia ni daa ti sahi naabu.[21][22] Viking nim ŋɔ daa nyɛla ban dɛigi coasts yaɣaili Iberian Peninsula 9th mini 10th centuries saha.[23] Tuuli lahabali din daa wuhiri ni Viking ni dɛigi Iberian daa niŋ la 844 saha. Seville daa nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini zuba pam.di daa bi naagi ni zaŋ vili ka chɛ Vikings nim daa nyɛla Galicians ballistas nim ni ku shɛba pam. Viking nim ŋarima pihiyopoin daa nyɛla bini nyɛ shɛli mɔɣili gbeni  ka king Ramiro I  nyaa doliba daa dabili buɣim.11th century puuni Caliphate of Córdoba daa kpi.  Di daa nyɛla din piri zaŋa bihi  (Taifas),[24] ka bi lɛbi bini yɛli ni shɛba yom laɣi shɛli bini boli gulibu laɣiri la (Parias) n ti northern kristiɛn kingdom nima din daa nyɛ din yaligi kpa southward yaɣili. din daa niŋ ka bɛ fa tiŋ yuli booni Toledo yuuni 1085 n daa leei saha shɛli yaa ni daa pa taɣiri n labiri na dolodolo nima yaɣa ni. Saha shɛli North-Africa nima ban daa nye musulimnima ban mali yaa polo bɛ ni daa mi shɛba Almoravids n ti pahi ban gba daa nye Almohads nima la ni daa kpɛna tiŋ maa ni ka bɛ daa nye nangbanyini din daa bɛ yuui musulim nima ni mali yaa yaɣa shɛli, ka bɛ musulinsi adiini maa ka kinkansi ti yaɣi, ka lala maa daa tooi che ka bɛ nya salo pala dolodolo nima ni.

Spanish Empire

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Yuuni 1469 puuni  kristiɛn Castile nam dundoli mini  Aragon nam dundoli daa nyɛla ban niŋ nagbaŋyini ka di nyɛla bi toondaanima ni daa niŋ taba amiliya maa, van n nyɛ Isabella I mini Ferdinand II. 1492 saha, Spanish nim nahigu maa daa nyɛla gari Jews nim yaa ka di nyɛmi ni bi piigi bini lɛbigi Catholic nima bɛ bini yi tiŋ maa ni,[25] Jews ban kalinli daa yiŋsi 200,000 daa nyɛla bi ni kari shɛba Castile mini Aragon tiŋgbani. 1492 yuuni ŋɔ daa lahi nyɛla yuun shɛli  Christopher Columbus ni kpe New world yuun shɛli, ka di nyɛla Isabella n daa su bi chandi yalikam. Tuuli Columbus nim ban daa yi ŋɔ daa nyɛla ban yaɣa Atlantic  n paagi Caribbean Island , din n daa nyɛla din piligi Europeans yɛligi gili mini bi daa dɛigi Americas sulinsi.

Granada nagbanyini go maa chɛmi ka jilima pa bɛmisilisi adiini zuɣu,[26] yuun bihi ŋɔ sunsuni  ka bi naa yihi musilisi yuuni 1502 Castile mini yuuni 1527 Aragon,  ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka musilinim bɛla shɛba ban daa kpalim maa lɛbi kristiɛn Moriscos. Yuun pihinahi nyaaŋa, Alpujarras tɔbu la nyaaŋa (1568-1571) Miriscos nim ban kalinli daa gari 300,000 daa nyɛla bini yihi shɛba, ka bi daa chanŋ n ʒini North Africa.[27]

Nagbayini shɛli Aragon mini Castile nim ni daa niŋ ka di nyɛla bi kpamba maa amiliya naa niŋ bu maa zuɣu daa nyɛla daliri din zali modern Spain mini Spanish empire, amaa yaɣali kam din bɛ Spain daa na kuli nyɛla tiŋgbani kam din za bi gama zuɣu, di yi kana bi Bihigu,  siyaasa, legally, mini bi laɣiri n ti pahi bi bala.[28][29]

Constitutional issues

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Silimi gɔli October yuuni 2017, Catalan maŋsulinsi dɛibu pibupibu daa nyɛla din niŋ ka  Catalan Parliament nim daa vootiya ka din daa wuhi ni Catalan nim dɛigi bi maŋ sulinsi Spain ni sani n pa nyɛ Catalan Republic, dabsi shɛli Spanish Seneta ni daa yɛri ni O ni sahi ti  Catalonia  nim bi Spanish prime Minister nu ni. Lala dabsa maa no Seneta maa daa ti yiko ka bi tooi zali zaligu ka Rajoy daa wurimli Catalan parliament ka lahi labi zali pibupibu pali. Catalonia daa nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini bi mi ni di nyɛla din waligi di ko. Silimi gɔli June, yuuni 2018, Congress of Deputies daa nyɛla ban zali zaligu ka di nyɛla din yihiri Rajoy ka zaŋ  PSOE kpema Pedro Sánchez n zali O zaani. Yuuni 2019, tuuli  gomlanti nim ban daa niŋ nagbanyini  Spain puuni daa nyɛla PSOE mini Unidas  podemos. Yuuni 2018 mini 2024 sunsuuni, Spain ni daa nyɛla yɛlimuɣisira bi tiŋgbani ka di gili General Council of the Judiciary  ( CGPJ) hali ka bi ti nahi labiv taɣi  lala fukumsi maa. Silimi gɔli January 2020, COVID-19 doro.

maa daa nyɛla din wuligi gili Spain zaa ka din daa chɛ ka bi nyɛviya boogi n gari yuuni yini. European Commission daa nyɛla ban yihi  Generation EU ni bi suŋ EU nim ka bi yi COVID-19 doro mani, ka di nyɛ bi ni yan zaŋ shɛli n tum tuma yuuni 2021 hali ni 2026 puuni. Silimi gɔli March 2021yuuni Spain daa nyɛla din doni buyobu zuɣu di yi kana ban daa bo faakoo n ti lala doro ŋɔ.

A yi doli pibupibu shɛli din daa niŋ silimi gɔli July 23 yuuni 2023, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez da lahi niŋ nagbanyini ni O gomlanti kpei, saha ŋɔ O mini Sumar ( ŋun daa zani Unidas Podemos zaani maa). Yuuni 2024 tuuli gomlanti zaŋ ti Catalan yuuni pia nyaaŋa, ka bi maŋ sulinsi ni maa, Salvador Illa daa nyɛla bini piigi so . Bi ni daa niŋ vootin maa kalinli ŋun doya ŋɔ n daa yina 17.3% nim daa sahi ni bi nyɛla Catalan bilichinima, 46% mi yɛlini bi nyɛla Spanish Catalan nima, 21.8% nyɛ Catalan n gari bini nyɛ Spain shɛm, University of Barcelona nim gba polls daa wuhimi ni 50% of Catalan ni bɛ sahi ti Catalan maŋsulinsu dɛibu, ka kalinli din bi paagi 40% mi vooti n sahi ti Catalan maŋsulinsi maa.

Joograafi

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

505,922 km² (195,365 sq mi) puuni,Spain nyɛ din do kalinli pianianu tiŋ shɛŋa din galisi ni duniya zaa ka Europe ni ka di nyɛ din do bu nahi zuɣu tiŋ kara ni. 3,715 m (12,188 ft) Mount  Teide (Tenerife) nyɛ zoli kari Spain ka nyɛ di do buta zuɣu duniya zaa a yi kpeɣili tiŋ zaŋ du zuɣusaa. Spain nyɛla Transcontinental tiŋgbani, ka mali yaɣa Europe mini Africa puuni. Spain dola latitude 27 ° mini 44° N mini Longitude 19°W ni 5°E sunsuuni.

West yaɣali Spain nyɛla din ba daansi ni Portugal, South yaɣa mi di ba daansi ni Gibraltar mini Morocco, tiŋ shɛŋa din waligi n do North Africa puuni, (Ceuta mini Melilla ni Peninsula of des Vélez de la Gomera). Northeast yaɣali zaŋ labi Pyrenees  zoya la polo  di bala daansi ni France mini Andorra, Pyrenees Girona yaɣali  tiŋ kpaŋ bili waligi bini ka bi boli  Llívia nyɛla France ni gili shɛli.

1,214 km (754 mi) waɣilim, Portugal  - Spain tiŋtariga nyɛ din waɣa European Union puuni.[30]

Island

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain nyɛla din mali Balearic island din bɛ Mediterranean teeku,  Canary island din bɛ Atlantic Ocean n ti pahi niriba ni ka island shɛŋa ni di bɛ Mediterranean yaɣa zaŋ kpa Strait of Gibraltar bin mi shɛli plazas de Soberanía ( places at Sovereignty bɛ territories under Spanish Sovereignty) kama Chafarinas Island mini Alhucemas. Peninsula of de vélez de la Gomera nyɛla bini lahi boli shɛli Plaza de Soberanía. Isle of Alborán din bɛ Mediterranean din bɛ Spain mini North Africa sunsuuni, di nyɛ Spain nim ni su shɛli, balantɛ  di municipality Almeria, Andalusia. Pheasant Island bili din bɛ Bidasoa kuliga la ni maa nyɛla Spanish -French nim ni su shɛli.

Spain nyɛla din mali island pia ni yini, ka di zaa mali ban su di fukumsi ( Cabildos Insulares din bɛ Canaries, Consells Insularsdin bɛ Baleares)

Zoya mini mɔɣa

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain tiŋ puuni nyɛla din mali zoya, di nyɛla din mali kunkuna mini zuya pam, Pyrenees din nyaaŋa, zo kpana din lahi bini nyɛ Cordillera Cantábrica( Cantabrian Range),  Sistema Ibérico ( Iberian System), Sistema Central ( Central System), Montes de Toledo, Seirra Morena mini Sistema Bético (Baetic System) din waɣalim nyɛ 3,748-metre-high (11,411-foot). Mulhacén din bɛ Seirra Nevadan nyɛ zoli shɛli dim wɔɣa Iberian Peninsula tiŋgbani. Spain zaa shɛli polo di niŋ wɔɣa nnyɛ Teide, di nyɛla 3,718-metre(12,198 ft) din nyɛ bin tooi mali shɛli n kuri bi bukata Canary Island puuni.Meseta Central ( bini lɛbigi shɛli n boli ni inner plateau la) daa nyɛla kunkuni kari n bɛ Peninsular Spain puuni ka Sistema Central nyɛ din pirigili buyi.

Mɔɣa galisiya pam Spain,  kamani Tagus, (Tajo),Ebro, Guadiana, Douro (Duero), Guadalwuivir, Júcar, Segura, Turia mini Minho( miño). Alluvial plains nyɛla fin bɛ coast polo ŋɔ, din galisi di zaa ni nyɛ Guadalquivir din bɛ Andalusia.

Siyaasa

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain zalisi taarhi nyɛla din yi 1812 zalisi kundi la puuni, ŋun daa nyɛ Spain na palo maa Juan Carlos daa yihi Carlo Arias Navarro nam ni ka daa piigi Adolfo Suárez ka O lɛbi Prime Minister.[31] 1977 pibupibu maa daliri daa  laɣim ban su zalisi zalibu fukumsi maa (Spanish  Parliamentnima, bi constitutional assembly kpaŋmaŋ puuni) ka di daliri nyɛmi ni bi gbaagi zalisi pali shɛli bini daa boli 1978 constitution la. Bi ni daa niŋ pibupibu shɛli silimi gɔli December da baa ayobu dali yuuni 1978 la nyaaŋa,[32] kɔbiga puuni vaabu 88% n daa sahi ti laa zalisi ma ( constitution) . Ka dinzuɣu chɛ ka Spain yi paati yini din daa gbebi tiŋgbani maa zaa maa n labisi yaɣali kam ni din tooni dana, din daa nyɛ tiŋsi pia ni ayopoin n ti pahi fɔŋtiŋsi ayi. Lala yaɣa maa daa nyɛla ban wum nyaɣisim lala Spanish zalisi din daa pirigi ba maa. Hali pirigibu ŋɔ ni daa niŋ vinyɛliga maa zaa yoli Spain  daa na kuli malila nagban yini ka ku too waligi.

International IDEA's Global State of Democracy (GSoD) Indices mini Democracy  Tracker daa yɛliya ni Spain nyɛla din bɛ zuɣusaa di yi kan democratiyɛ zahimbu polo, diyi kana ni bi niŋ pibupibu bi nyɛla ban mali yaa n ti ŋun kam sahi vootibu ka lahi mali yɛlimaŋli n ti so kam.[33]

Governance

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

The Crown

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spanish zalisi nyɛla di piri yaa  n ti gomlanti yaɣa anu zuɣu, bi ni boli shɛli basic  institutions.[34][35] Di bɛ tooni lala yaɣa ŋɔ ni n nyɛ  Crown  ( La Corona), di nyɛla Spanish tiŋgbani shihirili ka nyɛ kpalinkpa.[36] Spain " Parliamentary Monarch nyɛla bi zalisi ni na so bɛ napaɣa so ŋun be nam ni n yɛn nyɛ ŋun su crown maa ka lahi nyɛ tiŋgbani maa zuɣulana.[37][36][38]

Amaa kani constitutional monarchies,  tiŋsi kamani Belgium,  Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway bɛi united kingdom, nanima ni ka yaa ni bi zali tiŋgbani naa zaligu bɛi bi piigi chief executive, amaa ka ni tooi bo maligu n niŋ tiŋgbani maa ni, di yi kana Spanish tiŋgbani lala nanim maa bori maligu n niŋdi bi gomlati yaɣa nim maa ni, bi bori maligu n niŋdi bi zalisi yɛlmuɣisirani ka lahi guri ka taɣiru firiminsi.

Di yi kana crown  constitution yaɣali din pahi anu laa, nyɛla yaɣa shɛli din bi pahiri din yi ti kana zalisi shɛi mini bi yi yɛn ti tiŋgbani maa tuma, tumdimi di yi kana Spain gomlanti mini O wulanima piibu tiŋgbani maa zaa ni mini di tiŋ kuɣa maani, bi nyɛla ban lihiri ka tiŋgbani maa zalisi tumdi tuma, bani n lahi zabiri bɛi zaɣasira yɛli shaŋa,  ban n zabiri n tiri bini shɛli din tu ni di beni ni salo maa ni borisham.

Yaɣa shɛŋa polo ban n lahi kpaŋsiri tiŋgbani maa nagbanyini  yiŋsi puuni, ka zani spanairds ni zaani sambani, ( kamani di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli din mali bi taarihi), bi koaŋsiri ka Spanish gomlanti doli soli  vinyɛliga, ka zabiri ban daa zaani democracy zaani maa, ka lahi guri zalinsi.[39] Di wuhirimi ni lala Crown nim ŋɔ maa n guri Spanish zalisi, daadama fukumsi mini Spaniards ni zaa  yolisim.[40] Lala gulibu ŋɔ maa nyɛla din gbebi monarch solemn oath, bi daa nyɛla ban tumdi bi tuma maa n doli soli ni zalisi, ka kpaŋ bi maŋ ka bi tumdi doli soli ka tiri daadama jilima mini tiŋ shɛŋa din bɛ bi maŋ sulinsi ni.[41]

Daadama fukumsi

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

1978 Spanish  constitution  nyɛla din gu Spaniards zaa mini daadam kam ŋun bɛ Spain zaŋ jɛndi nisalinima bɛrisuŋ, bi kaya ni taɣida, bala mini bi bihisi shɛi.[42] Amnesty International (AI) nim yɛliya ni gomlanti vihigu zaŋ chanŋ prinsi nahigu polo din waɣaligimi amaa ka bi tibidarigibo bi galisi.[43] Paɣaba nahimbu daa nyɛla din galisi ka gomlanti daa yiŋsi zaani di zuɣu.[44][45] Spain nyɛla din yogi soli n ti ban niŋdi LGBT maa. Pew Research nim ni niŋ vihigu duniya zaa, lahabali yina n wuhi ni Spain n nyɛ tuuli ban sahi nti paɣa mini paɣa, doo mini doo bomi taba zaligu la, lala vihigu maa  wuhiya ni niriba 88% n sahi n ti lala niŋsim maa.[46]

Cortes Generales nim nyɛla ban sahi n ti Gender Equality Act 2007, din niya daa nyɛ paɣaba mini dabba nyɛ yim di yi kana Spanish siyaasa mini liɣiri bomma polo.[47] Di yi kana Inter Parliamentary Union  lahabali puuni silimi gɔli September yuuni, paɣaba daa nyɛla 137,  350 puuni niriba ban bɛ Congress puuni. Kɔbiga puuni di daa nyɛla vaabu 39.1%, ka di kana Senate yaɣa paɣaba daa nyɛla 101, 266 puuni, ka yiŋsi 39.9%, ka di daa chɛ ka Spain doni kalinli pia ni ayɔbu di ka tiŋ shɛŋa ban paɣaba bɛ yili gansi ni.[48] Yuuni 2008 , Gender Empowerment Measures of Spain United Nation  of Human DevelopmentReport  puuni  daa nyɛla 0.798 ka Spain daa dini 12th  duniya zaa[49]

Tourism

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Yuuni 2024 puuni Spain n daa nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din do buyi zuɣu di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli niriba ni kaa, France nu ni yi dini n daa paya, daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi 94 million n daa nyɛ ninlihi lihiriba.[50][51] Bi tiŋduɣlya kaabu laɣi dibo daa yiŋsila kamani 126 billion euro yuuni 2024.[52] World Tourism Organization tuma du zuɣu nyɛla din bɛ Madrid  tiŋgbani.

Spain ni za tiŋgbani ŋɔ yaɣa shɛli maa, din lahi nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din bɛ kom polo, tiŋgbani balibu, taarihi din mali yaa, kaya ni taɣada din ka kpei mini bi mɛbu shɛŋa din kpe kani maa zaa nyɛla daliri din chɛ ka tiŋgbani maa pa tiŋgbani shɛŋa din mali ninliha yulibu shɛhi pam. Spain tourism nyɛla yɛli kpeni di mali nu bi tiŋgbani maa bomma polo, ni tiŋduya ninlihi lihiriba mini bi tiŋgbani maa ninlihi lihiriba ni tohari 12.3% di yi kana Spain GDP yuuni 2023 la ni.[53]

Castile mini Leon nyɛ tiŋkpaŋ shɛŋa din bɛ tooni Spainish ninliha yulibu shɛi din tabi bi tiŋgbana mini bi mɛri shɛŋa,[54] bini gbeba yuuni 2020 la saha hali ni zuŋɔ.[55]

Energy

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Yuuni 2010, Spain daa lɛbi din bɛ tooni di yi kana Solar power  polo, di daa gari united State nim zuɣu bini daa zali La Florida din daa galisi ka mali yaa la n baɣili  Alvarado  Badajoz la.[56][57]

Gorim soya

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spanish  palla nyɛla yim, ni palidahi dibaa ayobu, din tɔŋ  Madrid hali ni  Basque tinshee, Catalonia, Valencia, West Andalusia,  Extremadura mini Galicia.  Bi lahi mali palidahi Atlantic yaɣali ( Ferrol hali ni Vigo), Cantabrian ( Oviedo hali ni San Sebastián), mini Mediterranean ( Girona hali ni Cádiz) coasts. Spain nim mali niya ni bi mali niŋlim buɣim lora niima miliyoŋ yini bi pala maa zuɣu zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2014, ka gomlanti niya nyɛmi ni O boogi bini mali energy shɛli maa ka lahi kpaŋsi energy zalibu.[58] Minister of Industry  Miguel Sebastian  daa yɛliya ni  ni lala niŋlim buɣim lora nim ŋɔ maa nyɛla sohabɛhani ka lahi nyɛ yɛli kpeni din yan kpaŋsi lala tuma du ŋɔ maa.[59]

Silimi gɔli February yuuni 2925 puuni Spanish ziligi palli ( high - speed rail network) n nyɛ HSP waɣali  Europe puuni ni 3,973 km(2,469 I'm)[60], di lahi nyɛla di pahiri buyi zuɣu duuniya zaa, China nu yi yi. Di tɔŋ tiŋsi kama Málaga, Seville,  Madrid,  Barcelona, Velencia mini Valladolid, ni  ziligi so ŋun chani yɔm kamani 330 km/h ( 210 mph).[61] Spanish ni ziligi ŋɔ n nyɛ ziligi shɛli din chana pampam duniya zaa, ka na zaŋ Japanese bullet train maa n pa, ka French TGV mi paya.[62] Di yi kan din chani ni saha dini n do buyi zuɣu  duniya zaa ( 98.5% on time arrival)  di nyɛla din do Japanese Shinkansen di nyɛ (99%).[63]

Spain mali alapeke paakinim pihinahi ni awɔi (49).[64] Din tumdi sahakam  nyɛla Madrid alapele paaki (Badajas) din mali so Chandiba ban kalinli yiŋsi 60 million yuuni 2023 la ni, duniya zaa ka nyɛ din pahiri pia ni anu ban tumdi sahakam ni, amaa ka lɛ nyɛ European Union ni bi nyɛ ban pahiri buta zuɣu din yi kana ban tumdi saha kam ni. Barcelona alapeke paaki gba nyɛla din mali anfaani, bi gba daa nyɛ 50 miliyoŋ so chandiba yuuni 2024 ni, duniya zaa dini pahiri pihita zuɣu ban tumdi saha kam ni.[65] Alapele paaki din pahi n nyɛla din bɛ Mallorca, Málaga, Las Palmas (Gran Canaria) mini Alicante.

Immigration

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) yɛligu puuni, silimi gɔli July yuuni 2025 la saha, kamani daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi  9.7 million  nyɛla bini dɔɣi shɛba silimin tiŋa, ka yiŋsi 19.64% salo mani  kɔbiga puuni. Bi puuni 6.4 million (13.23%) daa nyɛla bini bi dɔɣi shɛba Europe tingŋani[66] , ka daadama ban gari 7 million (14.3%) nyɛ tiŋ shɛŋa tiŋbihi.[67] Di yi kana saamba polo, Spain nyɛla din do bunahi zuɣu Europe puuni ka do buyopoin duniya zaa.

Silimi gɔli December yuuni 2024 puuni, saamba maa puuni ban daa galisi daa nyɛla Morocco nima ( bi daa yaɣai 1 million zuɣu), ka Colombia nim mi daa nyɛ (856,616), Venezuela nim mi (599,769), Romania  nim mi daa nyɛla (532,456) n ti pahi Ecuador gba mi nyɛ (448,643).  Saamba maa pam daa nyɛla ban yina tiŋ shɛŋa fin ka EU ni, kamani, Latin America nim tiŋ shɛŋa fin daa ka salo pam maa ka mani United kingdom,  Ukraine,  China, Russia, Pakistan, Algeria mini Senegal.[68]

Lahabali wuhiya ni ban yi bi ya nu bi  taɣi tiŋsi  n ti bɛni kpalim zaa,  saamba bam chanŋ Spain lala chandi ŋɔ maa nyɛla din nabigi hali 21st century saha, saamba nyɛla ban nabigi kamani 1.6% salo maa puuni yuuni 1998 hali n gari 12% zaŋ chanŋ 2009 la saha. Di wuhiya ni saamba maa nabigiya  kamani kalinli 500,000 yuuni 1996 hali ni 5.2 million  yuuni 2008 puuni. Spain nyɛla Europe tiŋgbani shɛli din dɛigi saamba pam yuuni 2002 hali ni 2007, domishi daadama ban kalinli yiŋsi 2.5 million n daa nyɛ ban kpena. Yuuni 2005 Spain daa nyɛla din do buyi zuɣu din dɛigi saamba European Union, Cyprus nyaaŋa, mini ban kalinli galisi,[69] ka chɛ bini daa chɛ tiŋ shɛŋa taali nima daa nyɛla ban chɛ ka saamba ban kperi tiŋ maa ni kalinli maa pa nyɛ 700,000.[70]

Saamba maa nimani kpebu pam maa malila daliri, kamani,  Spain ni kaya nyɛla din yina Latin America, yaɣi shɛli polo tiŋgbani maa ni zaya maa, bi tiŋtarisi nyɛla din bɛ yoli, laɣi bobo din suɣi ka galisi bi tiŋgbani maa ni, mini yaa shɛli din bɛ bi pukparim mini bi mɛbu polo, di ka laɣiri ka ŋɔ kam nyɛ tumtuda ka ni tooi niŋ li. EU ninvuɣu shɛba ban bi lahi tum da nyɛla ba bɛ Spain Mediterranean coast yaɣali.[71] Yuuni 2008, laɣibobo ni daa kpe yɔoɣu, Financial  Times  nim daa yɛli ya  Spain n daa nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli din na so Western Europeans zaŋ kpa n yi bi tiŋgbani n chanŋ tiŋ shɛli ni n ti bori tuma EU puuni.[72]

Nahila yuuni 2014, ka saamba maa kalinli maa daa boogi ka di nyɛla bi laɣibobo yɛlmuɣisira la zuɣu,ni daadama ban gari million pirigili  daa yi Spain yuuni puuni 2011 konko -  bini daa lahi yi pa daa nyɛla yuuni pia din garila.[73] Hali bini daa kuli mali yɛli mɔɣisira zaŋ chanŋ boma polo zaa yoli bi daa kuŋmi ni bi yɛli ba pa EU bilchinima ka bi tumdi tuma maa ni bi yima tiŋgbani maani,[74]  saamba ban kperina tiŋ maa ni kalinli daa nyɛla ban shigi.[75] Zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2015 puuni, saamba maa kalinli maa daa lahi nyɛla din zoogi , ka Spain daa lahi lɛbi tiŋgbani shɛli saamba ni kperi pam, ka di nyɛmi ni gomlanti nuu n pa di zuɣu din yin chɛ ka bi nyɛ tumtumdiba  ka lahi kpaŋsi bi nyɛma.[76] Sanchez's gomlanti mali niya ni O ti niriba ban kalinli yiŋsi 900,000 ban pan bilichinima maa zaa ʒii gbana zaŋ chanŋ yuuni 2027.[77]

Bala

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain nyɛla bala pam tiŋgbani.[78] Spanish nyɛla din bɛ 1978 Spanish constitution n nyɛ castellano (Castilian) nyɛla balli shɛli bini sahi ti ni di nyɛla bal zuɣu tiŋgbani maa ni yuuni 1931 la saha zaa.[79] Din nyɛ din pahiri ata bi zalisi puuni. Spanish bala shɛŋa gba ni tooi nyɛ bal zuɣu tiŋ shɛŋa puuni bini yɛri. Bi ni daa zaŋ bala shɛŋa ni bi pahi bal zuɣu maa zuɣu daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli n pahi bi 1978 zalisi kundi maa ni amaa ka di lɛi pa yim ni bal zuɣu maa, domishi Spanish nyɛla a ni tooi yɛli shɛli tiŋgbani maa yaɣa zaa amaa vis-à-vis bal shŋlɛŋa bini daa zaŋ n pahi maa daa nyɛla ani tooi yɛlai shɛŋa tiŋ shɛŋa ni di zuliya maa ni bɛ.[80]

Spanish nyaaŋa, bala din pahi n nyɛ Aragonese, Aranese,Astur-Loenese, Basque, Ceutan Arabic (Darija), Catalan, Galician,Portuguese, Valencian mini Tamazight, dini n nyɛ Romani Caló ka buɣusibu gba nyɛ bini tooi zaŋ shɛli n pahi.[81] Kalinli zaŋ chanŋ bala maa yɛlibu polo nyɛla din bi konkoba, ka din milinsi ni niriba gba wali. Bal shɛŋa din di ka yaa maa nyɛla ban bi nyɛri gulibu.[82] Bal shɛŋa bini mi bal zuɣu fɔŋ shɛla n nyɛ Catalan/Valencian, (Catalonia mini Baliaric Island bini mi shɛli Catalan la ni Valencian Community bi ni mi shɛli Vanecian), Galician ( din bɛ Galicia),  Basque ( di bɛ Basque tiŋgbani mini Navarre yaɣa shɛli Aranese din bɛ Catalonia.

National Statistics Institute  nim ni daa niŋ dadaama kalinbu yuuni 2021 la, lahabali daa yina n wuhi ni Spanish n nyɛ tuuli ban Yurili kalinli yiŋsi 81.53%,  ka Catalan/Valencians ni mi kalini nyɛ 10.50%, Galician nim mi nyɛ 3.77% n ti pahi Basque  ban mi nyɛ 1.42% Spanish niriba ni. Tiŋduya bala puuni Arabic ka bi yɛri pam, kalinli 2.17% n yɛri li,  ka di nyɛ tuuli tiŋduya bala puuni, din doli n nyɛ siliminsili ban yɛri kalinli nyɛla 1.58%, Romania daa nyɛla 1.44%, French 0.98%, Portuguese nyɛ 0.54%, Chinese nyɛ 0.48%, German nyɛ 0.44% n ti pahi Italian ka bi mi nyɛ 0.41%.[83] Daliri din tahi lala tiŋduya bala ŋɔ maa na nyɛ tiŋduya ni ban go n kana.[84]

Spanish nyɛla  balli din pahiri ayi duniya zaa bini yɛri balli shɛli ka lahi nyɛ  Roman balli shɛli bini yɛri pan duniya zaa.[85]

Shikuru

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain tiŋgbani shikuru nyɛla yoli ni talahi n ti bihi ban bɛ yuma ayɔbu zaŋ chanŋ yuun pia ni ayɔbu. Saha ŋɔ shikuru maa soya na nyɛla din doli yuuni 2006 educational law,LOE ( Ley Orgánica de Educatión) bɛ Fundamental Law of Education.[86] Yuuni 2014 puuni LOE daa nyɛla bini labi mali ka taɣadi yuli maa LOMCE zaligu (Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa) bɛ  Fundamental law of the Improvement of the Education System, ka  bi daa bolidili Ley Wert (Wert Law).[87] Yuuni 1970 zaŋ gbaagi yuuni 2014,  Spain nyɛla di mali zalisi din gbebi bi shikuriti balibu  ( LGE, LOECE, LODE, LOGSE, LOPEG,LOE mini LOMCE)

Bi shikuriti maa yaɣa n nyɛ bi bihi baligu yaɣali ( preschool), ban zoona bɛla ( primary education) yaɣali,[88] secondary shikuru yaɣali[89] n ti pahi post - 16 - education ( ban yuma gari yuun pia ni ayɔbu zuɣu).[90] Di yi kana shikuru yaɣa shɛli bini bolo Professional development shikuru bɛ Vocationa shikuru  yaɣali din nyɛla din pirigi buta zuɣu ka chɛ University shikurula, din n nyɛ Formacóin Profesional  Básica ( dini n nyɛ basic vocational education), the Ciclo Formative de Grado Medio bɛ CFGM (medium level vocation education, ka a ni tooi chanŋli ayi naagi secondary shikuru n ti pahi CicloFormative de Grado Superior bɛ CFGS( high level vocational education) ka ani tooi chanŋli di yi niŋ ka a naagi Post 16 education level la.[91]

Programme for international Students Assessment  (PISA), OECD nu ni pashɛli zuɣu la nyɛla din bɛ tooni di yi kana baŋsim mini tuumbaŋsim polo Spanish puuni, yuun pia ni anu ni ka di nyɛ din do tiŋ ni OECD karimbu, laasabu malibu yaɣali mini science kalinli din nyɛ 493[92][93]

Alaafee

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain alaafee tuma yili ni (Spanish National Health System) nyɛla din pahi din gahim puuni duniya ni, World Health Organization ni zaŋ limi n suŋ kalinli ayopoin ni  duniya zaa. Bi alaafee tuma duri nyɛla sokam ni ni tooi chanŋ shɛli,  ka di lahi nyɛ yoli n ti tiŋgbani maa bilichinima.[94] Bini diri shɛm n niŋdi alaafee ni nyɛla 9.4% GDP puuni, din gari 9.3% bɛla OECD puuni. Spain nim nyɛvilli waɣalim nyɛla din pahi yuma 79.1 yuuni 2000 puuni hali bi Yama 82.7 yuuni 2021 puuni.[95]

Adiini

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Roman Catholicism din n nyɛ adiini kuri  Spain, nyɛla din mali salo pam. Hali din kuli lahi ka zaashɛi  zalisi puuni,  amaa gomlanti shikuru kam din bɛ Spain ni,  shikuru bihi maa nyɛla ban piiri adiini bɛ zuliya Karim zuŋ. Catholicism nyɛla adiini shɛli bini tooi wuhiri pam, hali misilisi wuhibu,[96] Judaism[97] mini envangelical Christianity[98]wuhibu gba nyɛla din bɛ zaligu puuni. Saha ŋɔ vihigu mini lahabali wuhiya ni salo maa puuni kalinli ban yiŋsi 30% nyɛla ban ka adiini shɛli ni.[99][100][101]

Spanish zaligu nyɛla din gu ka taɣi, kalahi ka yaɣali adiini puuni, ka lahi nyɛ tiŋgbani shɛli ani tooi piigi adiini bɛ soli shɛli ani bora, ka lahi yɛli ni di bi tu ni a gan adiini shɛli, ka bi zaa mali nagbanyini. Protestant chichi nim mali daadama ban kalinli nyɛ 1,200,000,[102] ka Jehovah Witness nim mali 105,000 niriba, bini boli chichi shɛli Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints nim mi maa kamani niriba 46,000 ban piri kamani 133.[103]

Spanish Center for Sociological Research (CIS) vihigu wuhiya ni kɔbiga puuni vaabu 36.6% nyɛ spaniards ban ka Catholic puuni, ka 18.8% nyɛ ban nyɛ catholic, 3.6% mi nyɛla ban doli addini din pahi kama( Musilisi, Protestant kristiɛniti, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism ni ban pahi) ka kɔbiga puuni 39% nyɛla ban ka adiini, dun mi n nyɛ atheists (15.8%), ban ka bini bɛ shɛli (12%), bɛ agnostics (11.2%) silimi gɔli Aoril 2025.d

Spanairds ŋɔ pan nyɛla ban bi kpaŋsiri bakoi adiini jama la ni, silimi gɔli July yuuni 2021maa ni vihigu daa yina wuhi ni Spanairds ban daa boli bi maŋ kristiɛn maa, bi kalinli din yiŋsi  36% daa nyɛla bi ban daa na ʒin chanŋ chichi, 20.8% daa nyɛla ban chan ka bi chana, kalinli 19% n daa nyɛ ban Chandi mali kalinli yuuni pulini,ka 6.8% mi nyɛ ban chana buyi bɛ buta gɔli puuni, 13.4% mi n daa nyɛ nivuɣu shɛba ban chana alahari dalikam ni bi ti ka tuma, 2.9% mi nyɛ ban chana alahari dali ko.[104]  Yuuni 2021 maa vihigu dindaa niŋ ni di zaham bi eemaani, ban daa chani saha shɛŋa yuuni puuni kalinli daa nyɛla 17.3% salo maani, ka bab chana gɔli puuni Dabsa shɛŋa mi nyɛ 9.3%, ban daa chana alahari dali kam mi kalinli nyɛ 14.9%, ba mi chani pam bakoi puuni maa mi nyɛ 4.3%.

Judaism daa nyɛla din ka Spain yuuni 1492 sahala, nahala 19th century, bini daa lahi sahi ka Jews kpena tiŋ maa ni. Saha ŋɔ Jews nim kalinli pa yiŋsila 62,000 bɛ 0.14% salo maa puuni Spain tiŋgbani.

Kaya

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Spain nyɛla tuŋgbani shɛli din bɛ Western tiŋgbana ni ka nyɛ Latin tiŋgbana maa puuni zaɣa yini Europe, ka din nyɛ bini mi tiŋ shɛli ka di mali zaŋsim ni tiŋduya kaya.[105] Spanish kaya nyɛla din mali taarihi kpeni ka di tabi Catholic cheechi din mali nu tinbu ni tiŋgbani maa zalibu ni ni di baŋbu ni. Spanish baŋsim, mɛbu, bindira, mini biŋkumda zaa nyɛla ban daa su tiŋgbani saha waɣala nu ni bɛ shɛli ni, n ti pahi Mediterranean tiŋgbani climate  mini bi yaɣali  ma gba mali nu timbu. Bi ni daa bɛ sulinsi ni yuugi maa daa chɛmi ka bi bali mini bi Kali maa wuligi gili, ka Spain gba daa nyɛ ban dɛigi Kali shɛŋa mini dabiligu nima empire shɛŋa ni. Tum Spanish Golden Age, Spanish baŋsim, mɛbu, biŋkumda, boobu, literature mini bindira nyɛla duniya zaa zaŋsim ni bɛ shɛli kamani Western Europe mini Americas.[106][107] Spain nyɛla din pahiri ayi zuɣu di yi kana tiŋgbani shɛli niriba ni kaagi pam, bi World Heritage site nyɛla din kalinli galisi ka lahi nyɛ tiŋ shɛli Europeans shikuru bihi ni tooi bɛ.[108][109][110] Niriba zaŋsim ni bɛ bi kali ŋɔ ni ŋɔ chɛmi ka niriba ban Kalinin yiŋsi 600 miliyoŋ nyɛ Hispanophone, ka di chɛ ka Spanish nyɛ din pahiri ayi duniya zaa di yi kana balli shɛli niriba pam ni yɛri shɛli, ka nyɛ din kanina tuuli din kana Roamace bala polo.[85]

Mɛbu

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Image
Basilica Sagrada Família din bie Barcelona tingbani puuni

Tankpaɣu n-nyɛ bɛ ni tooi mali mɛri binyɛra pam Spain (di bahi bahindi tiŋgbanu maa East polo, bɛ ni bɛ binyɛra balibu pam zali shɛli polo).Kamani ŋmahinli, "Islamicate" mɛbu, din nyɛ Musulinima ni mɛri shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni daa mɛ shɛŋa "Middle Ages" tinsi ni kamani Córdoba, Seville, bee Granada. Lala n lahi nyɛli Maghreb, stucco nachintɛri din niŋ Al-Andalus nyɛla mɛbu nachiinsi din pili "Middle Ages."

Yaha, Asori nim gba nyɛla ban pili bɛ gba dina mɛbu; Bɛ daa tooi zooi la "Gothic" nim mɛbu. Din nyɛ bɛ ni daa booni shɛli "Mudéjar" mɛbu nyɛla din daa buɣisiri Musulinima mɛbu, Dolodolo nim mini "Jews" tiŋgbani shɛŋa Musulinima ni daa fa.[111]

Biɛhigu taɣibu nyɛla din ʒi taɣibu na pam "20th century." Mɛbu din yaa zooi Barcelona. Di tiŋ'duya kpamba shɛba n daa nyɛ GATEPAC. Spain pa taɣirilamɛbu kamani Rafael Moneo, Santiago Calatrava, Ricardo Bofill ni mɛri shɛm.

Kamani ŋmahinli, "Islamicate" mɛbu, din nyɛ Musulinima ni mɛri shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni daa mɛ shɛŋa "Middle Ages" tinsi ni kamani Córdoba, Seville, bee Granada. Lala n lahi nyɛli Maghreb, stucco nachintɛri din niŋ Al-Andalus nyɛla mɛbu nachiinsi din pili "Middle Ages."

Binkumda mini Waa

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Image
Flamenco nyɛlla Andalusian nuchee baŋsim bin namdii din pili Seguidilla.

Spain binkumda mini flamenco chaŋmi ti ŋmani taba,

West Andalusian binkumda balishɛli, din dii bi yɛligi gili tiŋgbani maa zaa.[112]Binkumda balibu pam beni. "Pop, rock, hip hop" ni "heavy metal" gba nyɛla din niŋ bayana.

Binkumda pubu puuni, Spain nyɛla din wumsi binkumdi ŋmɛriba pam kamani Isaac Albéniz, Manuel de Falla ni Enrique Granados ni baansi mini wa' wariba kamani Plácido Domingo, José Carreras, Montserrat Caballé, Alicia de Larrocha, Alfredo Kraus, Pablo Casals, Ricardo Viñes, José Iturbi, Pablo de Sarasate, Jordi Savall ni Teresa Berganza. Spain binkumda balibu kamani Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona, Orquesta Nacional de España n-ti pahi Orquesta Sinfónica de Madrid beni. Dɛma shɛhi beni kamani Teatro Real, Gran Teatre del Liceu, Teatro Arriaga n-ti pahi El Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía.

Ban bɔri yila yɛltɔɣa ninvuɣ'tuha lahi nyɛla ban gɔri chani Spain n-ti puhiri yila chuɣu Sónar ka ban tooi be din ni nyɛ "pop" mini "techno" kpɛrikpɛritiba, ni "Benicàssim. "[113]

Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz nyɛla di puuni yini.[114]

Bindira

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Paella mixta bindirigu

Spanish bindira nyɛla din yirina tiŋgbani yaɣa pam ni, kaya ni taɣada mini tiŋgbani namtɛri. Di tooi yirila kom ni na tiŋgnani maa kom ni, ka di wuhiri tiŋgbani maa ni mali kom shɛm. Spain nyɛla din mali binra balibu taarihi ni. Di bahi bahindi, bindira balibu dibaata yi polo:

Mediterranean Spain – teeku yaɣa, din gbaai Catalonia zaŋ chaŋ Andalusia –kom ni bindira zaŋ ku bukaata,kamani "pescaíto frito" (zahim chimda); ʒe' maha kamani "gazpacho"; ni shinkaafa bindira balibu kamani paella din yina Valencia[115]mini arròs negre (shinkaafa sabinli) din yina Catalonia.[116]Spain maŋmaŋa – "Castile"– ʒe' tula kamani "Castilian" ʒɛri, ni kpam kamani "cocido madrileño." Yɛlim ka bɛ tooi mali zaani bɛ bindira, kamani "Spanish ham", bee kamani "Manchego cheese."

Atlantic Spain – Tuduu teeeku yaɣil, n-ti tabili Asturian, Basque, Cantabrian ni Galician cuisine – ʒegbana mini zahim kpam kamani caldo gallego mini marmitako. Yaha, ni "lacón ham." Bɛ bindira pam tooi zooi la kom ni bindira, kamani Basque cod, albacore bee anchovy bee Galician octopus polbo á feira mini zahi din be wɔri ni bindira.


Image
Tingbani Na'yili din bie Madrid tingbani ni.
Image
Jintɔri duu din nye Congress of Deputies nima ni jini da n gbaari saawara
Image
Cuatro Torres daabiligu luɣili shee bee fɔŋ Madrid tingbani ni
Image
Nayili din bie Pedralbes Barcelona tingbani ni , din nye yiili zuɣu n ti lahingu din nye Union for the Mediterranean
Image
ship din ni tooi bie kɔm ni n ti pahi duli zuɣu ka ni tooi kpu`yi alapele mini di shipi taba, ka di yuli nye Juan Carlos I
Image
Torre Glòries n ti pahi 22@ daabiligu luɣili shee bee fɔŋ Barcelona tingbani puuni
Image
Benidorm, din pahi Europe tingbana shɛŋa sala pam ni tooi chana ni bɛ liɣi di teenku nɔli nam tieri ni lahiʒibisi
Image
Lu`yi shɛli bɛ ni bɔli Solucar Complex, din wuhiri PS10 Solar Power Plant din yi palo ka a tooi liɣiri gbaairi li anfooni maaa ni n ti pahi PS20 i din bie di nyaaŋa ka a bɛ tooi liɣiri gbaairi li anfooni maaa ni
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Gran Telescopio Canarias saha shɛli wuntaŋ ni lu.
Image
AVE Class 103 ziligi din guuri pam pam Zaragoza station ni. Spain mali la ziligi din waɣa ka lahi n guuri pam n gari ziligi kam din biɛ Europe tingbani puuni.[117]
Image
daadam biɛligu galisim municipality yaɣa yaɣa Spain tingbani puuni , yuuni 2018
Image
Valencia tingbani. mediterranean coast nyɛla luɣi shɛli din daadam biɛligu pahiri yom yom n gari luɣi shɛli kam din pahi Spain tingbani ni
Image
Zino nima ban bie Spain ʒii shɛhi kalinli yuuni 2005 ka ŋa galisim maa d`ɔli kobigu puuni vaabu.
Image
Madrid, din nye tingbani shɛli din pahiri ayi din galiisi European Union tingbana nima puuni ka nye yiŋa n ti salo ban nye Latin Americans ban kalinli gari miliyon yini [118].
Image
Bala din bie Spain tingbani puuni
Image
Kain zɔŋ titalli University of Salamanca, din nye karimzɔŋ titali din pahi tuuli karimzɔna titaŋa din bie Europe puuni
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Santiago de Compostela Cathedral din nye dolodolo duu
Image
,Anfooni din wuhiri Guggenheim Museum Bilbao din nye yili shɛli din gbubi taarihi ni labiʒibisi binyɛra
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Alhambra, din bie Granada. tingbani ni
Image
Don Quixote mini Sancho Panza Anfooni mɛranima b`e ni zaŋ Bronze n mali shɛli din bie Plaza de España Madrid tingbani ni
Image
Federico García Lorca n ti pahi o taba ban gba daa bie kpɛri kpɛrita lahingu din nye "La Barraca".
Lahabali kɔligu:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.jpg
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (yuuni 1907), Pablo Picasso.
Image
Basilica Sagrada Família din bie Barcelona tingbani puuni
Image
Flamenco nyɛlla Andalusian nuchee baŋsim bin namdii din pili Seguidilla.
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Paella mixta bindirigu
Image
Spain bee La Roja nima ni diri nachiinsi din daa niŋ ka bɛ paɣasara di nasara zaŋ kpa yuuni 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup bɔlli deein gɔɣu la polo
Image
Celtic castro Galicia tingbani ni
Image
Roman Theatre Mérida tingbani ni
Image
Royal Panteon of San Isidoro din bie León tingbani ni
Image
Catholic Monarchs ban bie Spain tingbani ni
Image
16th-century bahagu ha Seville tingbani ni, ka harbor diri dahi zaŋ chaŋ di ni mali sɔli ni di niŋ daabilim ni nira kam anduniya yaangi zuɣu
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri mappu din mali nahingbana ayi din wuhiri Spain kparibɔɣu
Image
Daabiligu so' dahi din bie Spain kparibɔɣu puuni
Image
Plaza Mayor din bie Madrid tingbani ni daa mɛla yuuni 1619 saha shɛli Philip III. ni daa nye tingbani zuɣulana
Image
Tingban zuɣulana Philip V mini o daŋa . Enlightenment in Spain saha,lala saha ka daŋapalo daa deei tingbaŋ maa yulibu ka bƐ daa bɔli daŋ ŋɔ House of Bourbon.
Image
Anfooni mɛra din za tingbani zalisi din daa nam yuuni 1812 ka bie Cádiz. tingbani puuni
Image
Torrijos mini o bidibsi ban daa ny o tɔbbihi kubu yuuni 1831, Málaga tingbani ni. Zuɣulana Ferdinand VII daa nyɛla ŋun kuli zaŋ kpiɛŋ n daa tuhi liberal forces ban daa bie o tingbani puuni .
Image
paɣaba niŋdi bɛ piibu piibu Éibar tingbani ni yuuni 1933, din daa niŋ ka tingbani maa sahi n ti paɣaba suffrage Deputy Clara Campoamor daa nyɛla ŋun kpaŋ o maŋa zaŋ chaŋ zaligu ŋɔ naba zanibu polo ni di sahi n ti tingbani maa ni.
Image
Republican volunteers Teruel tingbani puuni, yuuni 1936
Lahabali kɔligu:Meeting at Hendaye (en.wiki).jpg
Spain nima toondana Francisco Franco mini Adolf Hitler nii laɣim laɣingu din daa niŋ Hendaye tingbani ni, yuuni 1940
Image
toondana Juan Carlos I pɔi ni Cortes Españolas, o ni daa yina n ti mɔli o zuɣulaan tali n ti salo maa dabsili 22 silimiin gɔli November yuuni 1975
Lahabali kɔligu:Felipe González firma el Tratado de Adhesión de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea en el Palacio Real de Madrid. Pool Moncloa. 12 de junio de1985.jpeg
Toondana Felipe González n dihir o nuu gbana zuɣu din daa jandi suhudoo European Economic Community lahingu paɣibu polo dabsili 12 silimiin goli June yuuni 1985
Image
Ayirimo din daa niŋ ni di tuhi tingbani yɛlibiɛri din daa niŋda n ti pahi bi' pɔla ni daa ka tuma n tumda Madrid tingbani puuni , dabsili 15 silimiin gɔli October yuuni 2011
Image
Catalan nima ni niŋdi bɛ piibu piibu Barcelona tingbani puuni saha shɛli yuuni 2017 Catalan independence referendum ni daa niŋda
Image
mappu din wuhiri Spain tingbana nahingbana (gbaai yiɣi Canary Islands)
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Caló d'es Moro, din bie Mallorca island
Image
Teide, din na nye zoli shɛli din tuɣiri buɣim ka bie Tenerife tingbani ni , Canary Islands zuɣu, ka lahi nye zɔli shɛli din du n nyaŋ zɔli kam din bie Spain.tingbani puuni
Image
Köppen naawuni nam tiɛri pubu pubu mappu Spain tingbani ni
Lahabali kɔligu:Urriellu desde el Pozo de LaOracion.jpg
Urriellu peak (Naranjo de Bulnes) din yina Pozo de La Oracion, Picos de Europa
Image
binkɔbigu ŋun nye Iberian wolf ban zooi Castile mini Leon tingbana ni. Lala yaha ŋɔ malila di tingbana ka Natura 2000 kuli deei kɔbigu puuni pishi ni anu zuɣu
Image
Tingbani Na'yili din bie Madrid tingbani ni.
Image
Jintɔri duu din nye Congress of Deputies nima ni jini da n gbaari saawara
Image
Cuatro Torres daabiligu luɣili shee bee fɔŋ Madrid tingbani ni
Image
Nayili din bie Pedralbes Barcelona tingbani ni , din nye yiili zuɣu n ti lahingu din nye Union for the Mediterranean
Image
ship din ni tooi bie kɔm ni n ti pahi duli zuɣu ka ni tooi kpu`yi alapele mini di shipi taba, ka di yuli nye Juan Carlos I
Image
Torre Glòries n ti pahi 22@ daabiligu luɣili shee bee fɔŋ Barcelona tingbani puuni
Image
Benidorm, din pahi Europe tingbana shɛŋa sala pam ni tooi chana ni bɛ liɣi di teenku nɔli nam tieri ni lahiʒibisi
Image
Lu`yi shɛli bɛ ni bɔli Solucar Complex, din wuhiri PS10 Solar Power Plant din yi palo ka a tooi liɣiri gbaairi li anfooni maaa ni n ti pahi PS20 i din bie di nyaaŋa ka a bɛ tooi liɣiri gbaairi li anfooni maaa ni
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Gran Telescopio Canarias saha shɛli wuntaŋ ni lu.
Image
AVE Class 103 ziligi din guuri pam pam Zaragoza station ni. Spain mali la ziligi din waɣa ka lahi n guuri pam n gari ziligi kam din biɛ Europe tingbani puuni.[117]
Image
daadam biɛligu galisim municipality yaɣa yaɣa Spain tingbani puuni , yuuni 2018
Image
Valencia tingbani. mediterranean coast nyɛla luɣi shɛli din daadam biɛligu pahiri yom yom n gari luɣi shɛli kam din pahi Spain tingbani ni
Image
Zino nima ban bie Spain ʒii shɛhi kalinli yuuni 2005 ka ŋa galisim maa d`ɔli kobigu puuni vaabu.
Image
Madrid, din nye tingbani shɛli din pahiri ayi din galiisi European Union tingbana nima puuni ka nye yiŋa n ti salo ban nye Latin Americans ban kalinli gari miliyon yini [118].
Image
Bala din bie Spain tingbani puuni
Image
Kain zɔŋ titalli University of Salamanca, din nye karimzɔŋ titali din pahi tuuli karimzɔna titaŋa din bie Europe puuni
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Santiago de Compostela Cathedral din nye dolodolo duu
Image
,Anfooni din wuhiri Guggenheim Museum Bilbao din nye yili shɛli din gbubi taarihi ni labiʒibisi binyɛra
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Alhambra, din bie Granada. tingbani ni
Image
Don Quixote mini Sancho Panza Anfooni mɛranima b`e ni zaŋ Bronze n mali shɛli din bie Plaza de España Madrid tingbani ni
Image
Federico García Lorca n ti pahi o taba ban gba daa bie kpɛri kpɛrita lahingu din nye "La Barraca".
Lahabali kɔligu:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.jpg
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (yuuni 1907), Pablo Picasso.
Image
Basilica Sagrada Família din bie Barcelona tingbani puuni
Image
Flamenco nyɛlla Andalusian nuchee baŋsim bin namdii din pili Seguidilla.
Image
Anfooni din wuhiri Paella mixta bindirigu
Image
Spain bee La Roja nima ni diri nachiinsi din daa niŋ ka bɛ paɣasara di nasara zaŋ kpa yuuni 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup bɔlli deein gɔɣu la polo

Dɛma ni yiɣ' jam

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Image
Spain bee La Roja nima ni diri nachiinsi din daa niŋ ka bɛ paɣasara di nasara zaŋ kpa yuuni 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup bɔlli deein gɔɣu la polo

Tum bola balibu ni ŋmɛri Spain Roman saha, Spain dɛma ni yiɣ' jam yaa dalimla bolli polo tum "20th century." Real Madrid CF mini FC Barcelona nyɛla din bol'ŋmeri dundɔna din di nasara pam dunia.

Tiŋgbani maa paɣaba bol'ŋmɛri dundɔŋ daa kpuɣila jaashee din nyɛ "UEFA European Championship" yuma din gbaai 1964, 2008, 2012 ni 2024 n ti pahi "FIFA World Cup" yuuni 2010, ka ;lahi nyɛ bol'ŋmɛri dundɔŋ din kpuɣi kompateesa pa taba siɣim buta.[119]Spain paɣaba ŋɔ daa kpuɣila "2023 FIFA Women's World Cup", ka pahi dunia yaaŋa zuɣu paɣa bol'ŋmɛri dundɔna dibaaanu din naa kpuɣu dunia bolli jaashee. Barcelona Femení nyɛla ban kpuɣu tiŋ' puuni bolo jaashɛhi pam.[120]

"Basketball, tennis, cycling, handball, futsal, motorcycling" ni, pumpɔŋɔ na, "Formula One" gba nyɛla ban ni tooi ŋme nyɔɣu ni bɛ daa kpuɣi Spain jaashee. Saha ŋɔ, Spain nyɛla dunia bolli yaa shee, di bahi bahindi tum yuuni "1992 Summer Olympics" mini "Paralympics" din daa niŋ Barcelona, ka di daa zaŋ niriba zaɣa pam chaŋ dɛma ni yiɣijam ni. Di ninliha lihibu yaɣa gba nyɛla ban sɔŋsi mali dɛma ni yiɣ' jam yaɣa, di bahi bahindi kom dɛma ni yiɣ' jam, "golf" mini "skiing".Di tiŋgbani yaɣa ni, 'Basque pelota' mini Valencian pilota dɛma ni yiɣ' jam nyɛla din niŋ bayana.[121][122]

Vuhim mini Churi dabisa

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

din nye Vuhim dabisa balibu din niŋdi Spain nyɛla Adiini yaɣili,tiŋgbani zaa mini tiŋ puuni nim ni tiri shɛŋa. Spain tiŋgbani dabisili (Fiesta Nacional de España) nyɛla din puhiri October goli biɛɣu pinaayi.[123][124]

Churi mini churi yɛla pam nyɛla din be Spain. Din niŋ bayana pam n-nyɛ San Fermín, Pamplona.[125]

Churi din pahi shɛŋa n-nyɛ La Tomatina kamantoonsi chuɣu din puhiri Buñol, Valencia, Canary Islands, Falles din be Valencia bee Holy Week din niŋdi Andalusia mini Castile ni León. Yaɣili kam mali soli ni bɛ tooi ti vuhim dabisa kamani pinaanahi yuuni puli ni; tiŋgbani gɔmnanti tooi tiri paari kamani dibaa awɔi lala kalinli ŋɔ puuni ka tiŋ' puuni nim mi ni tooi piigi kamani dibaayi.[126]


Kundivihira

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
  1. ↑ Rivas Otero, José Manuel (2024-04-02). "Spain as the EU’s ‘champion’ in Latin America: elites, government trustworthiness, and free trade". Journal of Contemporary European Studies 32 (2): 510–523. DOI:10.1080/14782804.2023.2271846. ISSN 1478-2804.
  2. ↑ The European Union and Latin America: Renewing the Partnership after Drifting Apart (en-GB).
  3. ↑ Spain, the European Union and Latin America: Governance and Identity in the Making of 'New' Inter-Regionalism (en-US).
  4. ↑ Castro, María Cruz Fernández (2007). "La etimología de España; ¿tierra de conejos?". In Linch, John (ed.). La Península Ibérica en época prerromana. Historia de España (in Spanish). 2. Madrid: El Pais. p. 40. ISBN 978-84-9815-764-2.
  5. ↑ kuriti tiŋgbani<ref>«I-span-ya», el misterioso origen de la palabra España (es) (2014-08-29).
  6. ↑ Aréchaga, Juan (2009-11-09). "Science in Hispania: Spain and Portugal on the main route again" (in en). The International Journal of Developmental Biology 53 (8-9-10): 1119–1122. DOI:10.1387/ijdb.093019ja. ISSN 0214-6282.
  7. ↑ {{cite book | last1=Dietler | first1=Michael | last2=López-Ruiz | first2=Carolina | title=Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia | . Roman nim laɣiri din daa nyɛ kuriti zuɣu paɣa anfooni n daa paya ka soonŋa do o nabani.<ref>Burke, Ulick Ralph (1895). A history of Spain, from the earliest times to the death of Ferdinand the Catholic. London and New York: Longmans, Green.
  8. ↑ Burke, Ulick Ralph (1895). A History of Spain from the Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic, Volume 1. London: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 12. hdl:2027/hvd.fl29jg.
  9. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Spain - Wikisource, the free online library (en).
  10. ↑ "'First west Europe tooth' found" (en-GB). 2007-06-30. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6256356.stm.
  11. ↑ Phillips, William D.; Phillips, Carla Rahn (2010-07). A Concise History of Spain (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-60721-6. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ↑ A.W.G., Pike, (2012-06). "Uranium-series dating of Upper Palaeolithic art in Spanish caves. U-Series Dating of Paleolithic Art in 11 Caves in Spain" (in en). Science 336 (6087). DOI:10.1126/. ISSN 0036-8075.
  13. ↑ Valdés, Victoria Cabrera (1994-01-01). "Cronología del arte paleolítico" (in es). Complutum 5: 265–265. ISSN 1988-2327.
  14. ↑ admin (2019-01-29). THE HISTORY OF SPAIN (en-US).
  15. 1 2 3 Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 1 Ancient Hispania. The Library of Iberian Resources Online.
  16. ↑ A Country Study: Spain. Chapter 1 – Hispania. Library of Congress Country Series (1998).
  17. 1 2 Wayback Machine.
  18. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  19. ↑ {{cite web|last1=Rinehart|first1=Robert|last2=Seeley|first2=Jo Ann Browning|title=A . Musilinima mini kristiɛn nima daa nyɛla ban kpaŋsiri ni bi yaɣali zoogi Yuun gbaliŋ  Peninsula fɔŋdi kama Ebro mini Doura zolɔŋni. Ban daa niŋdi tuba n kperi Misilinsi ni daa zooya. Muladíes ( Muslims enthic Iberian origin)  da nyɛla dihi tabili ni bini ni bani n nyɛla ban galisi  Al-Andalus 10th century bahigu.<ref>Glick, Thomas F.. Chapter 5: Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages.
  20. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  21. ↑ Glick, Thomas F.. Chapter 5: Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages.
  22. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  23. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  24. ↑ Classen, Albrecht (2015-08-31). Handbook of Medieval Culture. Volume 1 (in English). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-026730-3.
  25. ↑
    1. author.fullName}. Spanish Inquisition left genetic legacy in Iberia (en-US).
  26. ↑ The Treaty of Granada, 1492.
  27. ↑ Spain : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
  28. ↑ European Voyages of Exploration: Imperial Spain.
  29. ↑ Brady, Thomas Allan; Oberman, Heiko Augustinus; Tracy, James D. (1993-12-31). Structures and Assertions: Ed. by Thomas A. Brady; Heiko A. Oberman; James D. Tracy (in English). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-09760-5.
  30. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  31. ↑ "Spain's fast-living king turns 70" (en-GB). 2008-01-04. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7171971.stm.
  32. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  33. ↑ Spain | The Global State of Democracy (en).
  34. ↑ Spain 1978 (rev. 2011) Constitution - Constitute (en).
  35. ↑ Institutions of Spain (en).
  36. 1 2 Spain 1978 (rev. 2011) Constitution - Constitute (en).
  37. ↑ Spain 1978 (rev. 2011) Constitution - Constitute (en).
  38. ↑ Shelley, Fred M. (2015-05-26). Governments around the World: From Democracies to Theocracies: From Democracies to Theocracies (in English). ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-4408-3813-2.
  39. ↑ Institutions of Spain (en).
  40. ↑ Bernecker, Walther L. (1998-01). "Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish Transition" (in en). Journal of Contemporary History 33 (1): 65–84. DOI:10.1177/003200949803300104. ISSN 0022-0094.
  41. ↑ Spain 1978 (rev. 2011) Constitution - Constitute (en).
  42. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  43. ↑ Spain 2015/2016 (en).
  44. ↑ Analysis of 8 years of Gender Violence Law in Spain | Gender violence and justice (en-US).
  45. ↑ Analysis of 8 years of Gender Violence Law in Spain | Gender violence and justice (en-US).
  46. ↑ Author, No (2013-06-04). Global Acceptance of Homosexuality (en-US).
  47. ↑ Correspondents, I. P. S. (2007-03-15). SPAIN: No Turning Back from Path to Gender Equality.
  48. ↑ Women in Parliaments: World Classification.
  49. ↑ Nations, United (2008-01-01). "Human Development Report 2007/8" (in en).
  50. ↑ Número de turistas según país de residencia(23984) (es).
  51. ↑ Número de turistas según país de residencia(23984) (es).
  52. ↑ Gasto de los turistas internacionales según país de residencia(23994) (es).
  53. ↑ INEbase / Services /Hotel Industry and Tourism /Spanish Tourism Satellite Account / Latest data (en).
  54. ↑ Red, Palencia en la (2025-01-31). CyL se mantiene como líder en turismo rural en 2024, pero Palencia pierde un 10 % de viajeros (es).
  55. ↑ García, Ricardo (2024-01-02). Castilla y León consolida cinco años de liderazgo en turismo rural (es).
  56. ↑ N; P; R (2010-07-15). "Spain Is World's Leader In Solar Energy" (en). NPR. https://www.npr.org/2010/07/15/128532115/spain-is-worlds-leader-in-solar-energy.
  57. ↑ European Future Energy Forum - Spain becomes solar power world leader.
  58. ↑ paul-s. "Algae Based Biofuels in Plain English: Why it Matters, How it Works. - Triple Pundit: People, Planet, Profit" (en-US). Triple Pundit: People, Planet, Profit. http://www.triplepundit.com/2008/07/algae-based-biofuels-in-plain-english-why-it-matters-how-it-works/.
  59. ↑ Environmental News Network - Spain to Put 1 million Electric Cars on the Road.
  60. ↑ 404 - No encontrado - Adif - AV - Adif (eu-ES).
  61. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  62. ↑ El AVE español, el más veloz del mundo y el segundo en puntualidad | elmundo.es.
  63. ↑ Rail Professional - The business magazine for railway managers (en).
  64. ↑ Airports in Spain - Map, IATA Codes and list of international airports (en-GB).
  65. ↑ List of Top 30 Airports in the World (en-US).
  66. ↑ Nota de Prensa: Estadística Continua de Población (ECP). 1 de enero de 2025. Datos provisionales. (es).
  67. ↑ Nota de Prensa: Estadística Continua de Población (ECP). 1 de enero de 2025. Datos provisionales. (es).
  68. ↑ News.bg - Europeans Favour Spain for Expat Jobs (en).
  69. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  70. ↑ Tremlett, Giles (2005-05-09). "Spain grants amnesty to 700,000 migrants" (en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/may/09/spain.gilestremlett.
  71. ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estad�stica. (Spanish Statistical Institute).
  72. ↑ News.bg - Europeans Favour Spain for Expat Jobs (en).
  73. ↑ Nogueira, Charo (2011-10-08). "580.000 personas se van de España" (es). El País. ISSN 1134-6582. https://elpais.com/diario/2011/10/08/sociedad/1318024802_850215.html.
  74. ↑ Plan de Retorno Voluntario.
  75. ↑ Catan, Thomas (2009-01-25). "Spain's Jobs Crisis Leaves Immigrants Out of Work - WSJ" (en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123275552359911807.
  76. ↑ Kassam, Ashifa; correspondent, Ashifa Kassam European community affairs (2025-02-18). "How Spain’s radically different approach to migration helped its economy soar" (en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/18/how-spains-radically-different-approach-to-migration-helped-its-economy-soar.
  77. ↑ EU states must apply migration pact or face legal action: Commissioner (en) (2024-04-11).
  78. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  79. ↑ Stickel, Gerhard (2011). National, regional and minority languages in Europe: contributions to the annual conference 2009 of EFNIL in Dublin (in English). Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-631-60365-9.
  80. ↑ Ramallo, Fernando (2018-06-11), Ayres-Bennett, Wendy; Carruthers, Janice (eds.), "17. Linguistic diversity in Spain", Manual of Romance Sociolinguistics (in English), De Gruyter, pp. 462–493, doi:10.1515/9783110365955-018/html, ISBN 978-3-11-036595-5, retrieved 2025-12-15
  81. ↑ Ramallo, Fernando (2018-06-11), Ayres-Bennett, Wendy; Carruthers, Janice (eds.), "17. Linguistic diversity in Spain", Manual of Romance Sociolinguistics (in English), De Gruyter, pp. 462–493, doi:10.1515/9783110365955-018/html, ISBN 978-3-11-036595-5, retrieved 2025-12-15
  82. ↑ Ramallo, Fernando (2018-06-11), Ayres-Bennett, Wendy; Carruthers, Janice (eds.), "17. Linguistic diversity in Spain", Manual of Romance Sociolinguistics (in English), De Gruyter, pp. 462–493, doi:10.1515/9783110365955-018/html, ISBN 978-3-11-036595-5, retrieved 2025-12-15
  83. ↑ INEbase / Demografía y población /Cifras de población y Censos demográficos /Encuesta de Características Esenciales de la Población y las Viviendas / Resultados (es).
  84. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  85. 1 2 Cervantes, Instituto. 572 millones de personas hablan español, cinco millones más que hace un año, y aumentarán a 754 millones a mediados de siglo (es).
  86. ↑ "Noticias Jurídicas" (es). Noticias Jurídicas. https://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/lo2-2006.html.
  87. ↑ "Noticias Jurídicas" (es). Noticias Jurídicas. https://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/517990-lo-8-2013-de-9-dic-para-la-mejora-de-la-calidad-educativa.html.
  88. ↑ Educación Primaria (es).
  89. ↑ Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) (es).
  90. ↑ Bachillerato (es).
  91. ↑ La Formación Profesional actual en el sistema educativo (es).
  92. ↑ Compare your country - PISA 2018 (en).
  93. ↑ PISA publications (en).
  94. ↑ Seguridad Social: Internet (es).
  95. ↑ Spain (en).
  96. ↑ Jefatura del Estado (1992-11-12), Ley 26/1992, de 10 de noviembre, por la que se aprueba el Acuerdo de Cooperación del Estado con la Comisión Islámica de España, pp. 38214–38217, retrieved 2025-12-15
  97. ↑ Jefatura del Estado (1992-11-12), Ley 25/1992, de 10 de noviembre, por la que se aprueba el Acuerdo de Cooperación del Estado con la Federación de Comunidades Israelitas de España, pp. 38211–38214, retrieved 2025-12-15
  98. ↑ Jefatura del Estado (1992-11-12), Ley 24/1992, de 10 de noviembre, por la que se aprueba el Acuerdo de Cooperación del Estado con la Federación de Entidades Religiosas Evangélicas de España, pp. 38209–38211, retrieved 2025-12-15
  99. ↑ SA, Linguaserve IS,. ·CIS·Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas·Ficha del estudio (ES).
  100. ↑ WVS Database (en).
  101. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  102. ↑ Federaci�n de Entidades Religiosas Evang�licas de Espa�a - FEREDE. Federaci�n de Entidades Religiosas Evang�licas de Espa�a - FEREDE.
  103. ↑ Spain (en).
  104. ↑ Wayback Machine.
  105. ↑ "Spain - Culture, Cuisine, Traditions | Britannica" (en). Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Spain/Daily-life-and-social-customs.
  106. ↑ "Spain - Culture, Cuisine, Traditions | Britannica" (en). Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Spain/Daily-life-and-social-customs.
  107. ↑ Gethin. Spain. Golden Age Literature. Innovations and Originality. (en-US).
  108. ↑ World Heritage Sites in Spain (en).
  109. ↑ UN Tourism Data Dashboard | Key Indicators (en).
  110. ↑ What are the most popular Erasmus destinations? | Wimdu | Holiday Rentals Worldwide (en-GB).
  111. ↑ Bloom 2020, p. 171.
  112. ↑ Leblon, Bernard (2003). Gypsies and Flamenco: The Emergence of the Art of Flamenco in Andalusia. Translated by Ni Shuinear, Sinead. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press. pp. 72–73. ISBN 978-1-902806-05-1.
  113. ↑ Music Festivals, UK Festivals and London Festivals. Spoonfed.co.uk.
  114. ↑ The History of the Guitar in Spain. Linguatics.com.
  115. ↑ Richardson, Paul (19 August 2007). "Spain's perfect paella". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/article2277058.ece.
  116. ↑ DiGregorio, Sarah (1 December 2009). "Spain Gain at Mercat Negre". The Village Voice (New York). https://www.villagevoice.com/spain-gain-at-mercat-negre/.
  117. 1 2 Red de Alta Velocidad. ADIF.
  118. 1 2 Madrid supera el millón de latinoamericanos, uno de cada siete habitantes (20 December 2024).
  119. ↑ Lyttleton, Ben; Bellos, Alex (9 June 2021). "Football School extract: how Spain won three tournaments in a row" (en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/jun/09/football-school-extract-how-spain-won-three-tournaments-in-a-row.
  120. ↑ Women's Football Honours.
  121. ↑ Pelota: A Sport with Basque Roots. Google Arts & Culture (in collaboration with Fondation du patrimoine).
  122. ↑ "History of the Valencian Pilota", Federació de Pilota Valenciana (in Catalan), archived from the original on 14 June 2013, retrieved 5 December 2013
  123. ↑ Nogués y Secall (1862), 68.
  124. ↑ Paloma Aguilar, Carsten Humlebæk, "Collective Memory and National Identity in the Spanish Democracy: The Legacies of Francoism and the Civil War", History & Memory, 1 April 2002, pag. 121–164
  125. ↑ San Fermín 2018: Sanfermines in numbers: 10 facts you need to know. El País English (July 6, 2018). “The San Fermín fiestas continue to be a major crowd-puller, with more than 1.45 million people attending last year’s fiestas, which included 425 different activities.”
  126. ↑ Bank holidays in Spain. bank-holidays.com.
  1. ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named nation name
  2. ↑ See list of transcontinental countries.
  3. ↑ The latifundia (sing., latifundium), large estates controlled by the aristocracy, were superimposed on the existing Iberian landholding system.
  4. ↑ The poets Martial, Quintilian and Lucan were also born in Hispania.
  5. ↑ The poets Martial, Quintilian and Lucan were also born in Hispania.
A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nya
Di yila "https://dag.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spain&oldid=130778"