Toptal Engineering Expert
Terraform vs. CloudFormation: Choosing the Right IaC Tool
Terraform and CloudFormation offer powerful but distinct paths to infrastructure as code. Explore their pros, cons, and when to choose each for AWS or multicloud deployments.

Emiliano Angieri
Emiliano is a cloud engineer with more than a decade of experience designing and operating AWS-based architectures. He works with organizations on cloud adoption, helping teams create cloud-native systems and transition existing workloads to containerized infrastructure. His work focuses on building reproducible infrastructure, optimizing cloud costs, strengthening security, availability, and performance, and automating software delivery pipelines to support reliable operations.
gRPC vs. REST: Key Differences, Performance, and Use Cases
Trying to decide between gRPC and REST? This guide goes beyond surface comparisons to focus on the performance and operational trade-offs that determine which API framework is right for your next build.

Laszlo Gyori
Laszlo is a solutions architect and senior software engineer with deep expertise in microservices, gRPC, REST, and large-scale distributed systems. He has led high-traffic modernization projects across travel, finance, and lifestyle management, working on systems that handle more than 1 billion requests per day and designing cloud-based solutions on Azure and AWS. He holds a master’s degree in IT from the Budapest University of Technology and Economics.
Python Logging Handlers: A Deep Dive Into Types, Configuration, and Best Practices
Python’s logging system goes far beyond basic message output. This guide explores handlers, structured logging, performance trade-offs, and real-world patterns for building production-ready logging pipelines.

Camille Potard
Camille is a senior software developer who builds robust desktop and real-time systems for global clients including e-on software, Hitachi, and Alstom. Specializing in Python, C, and C++, he has delivered solutions for railway systems, power infrastructure, video and imaging, 3D software, and web platforms.
Laravel API Tutorial: Creating and Testing a RESTful API
Laravel 12 modernizes API development with cleaner syntax, streamlined tooling, and developer-first conventions. Learn to build, secure, and test RESTful APIs with best practices and minimal setup.

Alex Braden
Alex is a senior full-stack developer specializing in Laravel and modern JavaScript frameworks. For more than a decade, he has partnered with companies like Bank of America and built scalable, data-driven applications that integrate data visualization and machine learning using frameworks like Node.js, React, Next.js, Vue.js, Angular, and Django.
Using an LLM API As an Intelligent Virtual Assistant for Python Development
With proper instruction, LLMs can be highly effective coding assistants. This step-by-step guide shows you how to generate a call to an external API using Python and the OpenAI API.

Tarek Mohamed Mehrez
Tarek is a software and data engineer specializing in machine learning, software architecture, DevOps, and back-end development. He has served as CTO of Thndr, a company backed by Y Combinator, and has published several research papers on machine learning. Tarek has a master’s degree in computational linguistics from the University of Stuttgart.
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Advancing AI Image Labeling and Semantic Metadata Collection
Image labeling can be a tedious, time-consuming task, compounded by the sheer volume of data needed to train deep neural networks. This article breaks down large data set processing and explains how a new SaaS product can help automate image labeling.

Neven Pičuljan
Neven is an artificial intelligence engineer with extensive experience in machine learning, computer vision, algorithms, and a range of AI-related technologies. Prior to founding an AI R&D consulting company, Neven helped create and train cutting-edge computer vision models used by healthcare, e-commerce, real estate, and financial services companies across the globe.
WordPress-powered Angular: JWT Authentication Using GraphQL
Setting up authentication in an app with a disparate front end and back end is tricky. This tutorial proposes an innovative solution using JWT and GraphQL.

Sajjad Hossain Sagor
Sajjad is a WordPress developer who specializes in developing themes, plugins, and WooCommerce add-ons. He has led high-budget projects for companies around the world and set up the back end for a WordPress website with more than 200,000 active users and millions of YouTube subscribers. He is also a core contributor to the WordPress community.
Ask an AI Engineer: Trending Questions About Artificial Intelligence
In this ask-me-anything-style Q&A, leading Toptal AI developer Joao Diogo de Oliveira fields questions from fellow engineers about resources for pivoting to ML, approaches to large language models, and the most critical future applications of AI.

Joao Diogo de Oliveira
Joao is an AI developer with more than 10 years of experience at Fortune 100 companies like Procter & Gamble and startups in the healthcare, energy, and finance industries. Joao holds a master’s degree in computer science from the University of Porto and has multiple certifications in ML and deep learning.
Ask an NLP Engineer: From GPT Models to the Ethics of AI
Want to expand your skills amid the current surge of revolutionary language models like GPT-4? In this ask-me-anything-style tutorial, Toptal data scientist and AI engineer Daniel Pérez Rubio fields questions from fellow programmers on a wide range of machine learning, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence topics.

Daniel Pérez Rubio
Daniel is a data scientist, developer, and former CTO who has specialized in NLP for more than six years, most recently focusing on large language models (LLMs). His experience includes being a senior data scientist at BASF and Daimler.
How to Use JWT and Node.js for Better App Security
To protect client data, your system must identify and block uninvited visitors. Create a REST API using Node.js, TypeScript, and Express, enhanced with JWT support.

Gonzalo Hirsch
Gonzalo is a full-stack developer and expert in secure implementations focused on JavaScript and Node.js. He specializes in solutions for startup companies in finance and education, and has a master’s degree in software engineering from the Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires.
Security in Django Applications: A Pydantic Tutorial, Part 4
Django’s built-in security checker identifies vulnerabilities with ease. Here’s how you can enforce HTTPS redirects to tighten security on your web applications.

Arjaan Buijk
Arjaan is a software engineer and data scientist who creates mission-critical, Python-based cloud solutions focused on Rasa for international banks and insurance companies. He also architects and teaches large-scale Kubernetes solutions. Arjaan founded a company for the resale of manufacturing simulation software that he co-developed.
How C++ Competitive Programming Can Help Hiring Managers and Developers Alike
Programmers gain valuable real-world skills from algorithm competitions that can boost their job prospects—and contest ratings make it easier for hiring managers to find top talent. Explore competitive C++ with a programmer whose scores got them recruited by Google.

Anitet Wheeler-Rose
Anitet is a full-stack engineer and CTO with expertise in C++, JavaScript, and DevOps. A former site reliability and software engineer at Google, Anitet was recruited after achieving an 85th to 90th percentile ranking at algorithm programming competition events.
An Expert Workaround for Executing Complex Entity Framework Core Stored Procedures
Microsoft’s Entity Framework Core is a popular object-relational mapper, but it doesn’t support the return of complex type results from stored procedures. A clever bit of code gets us around this limitation, returning non-database entities with ease.

Pankaj Kansodariya
Pankaj is a back-end developer and Microsoft Certified Professional with more than 18 years of experience within the Microsoft ecosystem, including C#, VB.NET, SQL Server, and cloud computing with Microsoft Azure. He has worked as a .NET developer at companies including Granicus, Gartner, and Jacobs.
Streamline Event-driven Microservices With Kafka and Python
With the rise of big data, cloud, and streaming platforms, monolithic apps just won’t do. Here’s a blueprint for an adaptable and scalable event-driven microservices project using Kafka and Python.

Dmitry Shurov
Dmitry is a software developer and Python expert. He has eight years of experience at companies such as Kaspersky and FABLEfx, and has developed multiple microservices systems across the globe using Kafka and Python.
Big Data Architecture for the Masses: A ksqlDB and Kubernetes Tutorial
Today’s cloud building blocks empower any size team—even a lone engineer—to build big data solutions. Learn how to use open-source tools to create scalable architecture for your next project.

Dmitrii Bolotov
Dmitrii is a solution architect and developer with more than 11 years of experience and expertise in SQL, NoSQL, and Kubernetes. He built big data architecture at Videoland, founded and acted as CTO for Deetask, a Vietnamese marketplace app similar to Thumbtack, and holds a master’s degree in computer science from Izhevsk State Technical University.
Kotlin vs. Java: All-purpose Uses and Android Apps
Kotlin and Java are two powerful general-purpose languages popular for Android and beyond. We’ll discuss their top features and differences, then focus on how to smoothly transition between the two.

Gabe Giro
Gabriel is a senior Android engineer with nine years of experience building apps from scratch in Kotlin and Java, and facilitating conversions between the two languages. Gabriel has worked on multimillion-dollar apps and has industry experience at companies like HBO and Yahoo.
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