BARRIERS AND STRATEGIES FOR TREATMENT ADHERENCE IN CHRONIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a persistent challenge for healthcare systems globally, requiring continuous monitoring and rigorous treatment adherence. However, non-adherence to treatment is still a frequent reality among chronic patients, compromising clinical control, increasing the risk of complications, and increasing healthcare costs. This study aims to identify the main barriers that hinder treatment adherence in patients with chronic diseases, as well as to map the strategies described in the scientific literature that aim to promote adherence behaviors. This is an integrative review conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases, using controlled and uncontrolled descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Twenty-eight studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. The results showed that barriers to adherence include individual, socioeconomic, and healthcare system-related factors, as well as the complexity of the therapeutic regimen. Conversely, personalized health education, the use of digital technologies, strengthening the therapeutic bond, and interdisciplinary interventions stood out as effective strategies. It is concluded that treatment adherence for chronic diseases requires multifactorial, patient-centered approaches integrated with contextual needs, and is essential for achieving better long-term health outcomes.